TRNG I HC Y DC

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

B mn Ha dc
c lp T do Hnh phc
P N CHM THI L THUYT
Mn thi: Ho dc
i tng: Dc s i hc h lin thng kha 12A,B,C
Cu 2. Cng thc cu to ca clorpheniramin nh sau:
Trnh by tc dng, ch nh chnh ca dc
cht. Gii thch cc tnh cht vt l, ha hc
(ng dng trong pha ch, kim nghim, bo
qun) da vo cu trc ha hc.(3,0)

Ni
Yu cu
im
dung
chun
Tc Tc dng: Antihistamin th h I (khng histamin th th H1, an thn, gy ng),
0.25
dng - hot lc mnh, thi gian tc dng ngn
ch
Ch nh:
0.25
nh
Gim cc triu chng d ng nh v va
chnh
Phi hp vi thuc gim au h nhit (paracetamol), gim ho
0.25
(sulfoguaiacol, dextromethorphan), co mch (ephedrin, pseudoephedrin,
phenylpropanolamin), vitamin B1, C
Gii
Dc cht c tnh cht ca nhn pyridin (tnh base, hp th t ngoi), nhn 0.25
thch
benzen (hp th t ngoi), nhm chc amin bc 3 (tnh base), carbon bt i, clo
cc
hu c, ca acid maleic kt hp (tnh kh), cc tnh cht ny c ng dng
tnh
kim nghim, pha ch, bo qun dc cht nh sau:
cht
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Tnh base kh mnh (do N trong nhn pyridin v N bc 3, pKa 9,2):
vt l,
=> Dng base khng tan trong nc, tan c trong acid ch to dng dc
ho
dng maleat tan/ nc
hc
=> To ta vi cc thuc th chung ca alcaloid T bng P to ta picrat, o 0.25
(ng
tonc ca ta
dng
0.25
trong => L bng PP o acid mi trng khan (1 chlorpheniramin maleat phn ng vi
2 HClO4)
pha
Clo hu c:
ch,
=> V c ha T bng AgNO3 (to kt ta AgCl trng xm, ta ny tan trong 0.25
kim
nghi dung dch amoni hydroxyd d)
0.25
m,
Carbon bt i v tr 3:
bo
=> Lm quay mt phng dao ng ca nh sng phn cc T, L, th tinh
qun) khit bng PP o gc quay cc
da
0.25
Hp th t ngoi:
vo
Do nhn pyridin v nhn benzen nn dc cht hp th bc x t ngoi, ng dng
cu
nh tnh, L dc cht bng phng php quang ph hp th t ngoi
trc
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Acid maleic:
ho
=> Phn ng mu vi nc brm, resorcinol/ H2SO4 c T
hc
0.25
Tnh cht ca c phn t:
nh tnh, th tinh khit bng phng php o nhit nng chy, o ph IR.
lm sc k lp mng
Tng im
3.0

Cu 3. Cng thc cu to ca metronidazol nh sau:

Trnh by tc dng, ch nh chnh ca dc cht. Gii thch cc
tnh cht vt l, ha hc (ng dng trong pha ch, kim nghim,
bo qun) da vo cu trc ha hc.(3,0)
Ni
Yu cu
im
dung
chun
Tc Tc dng: Dit amib, trng roi, vi khun ym kh
0.25
dng - Ch nh:
ch
Cc dng amib hot ng, tr amib no
0.25
nh
Nhim trng roi T. vaginalis (m o)
chnh
Phi hp iu tr lot d dy - t trng do H. pylori
Phng v iu tr nhim k kh Bacteroides (nhim khun xng khp, thn
kinh trung ng, p xe no, vim mng trong tim, bng, phi, da, m mm,..)
Gii
Dc cht c tnh cht ca nhn imidazol (tnh base, hp th t ngoi), 0.25
thch
nhm chc nitro thm, OH alcol, cc tnh cht ny c ng dng kim
cc
nghim, pha ch, bo qun dc cht nh sau:
tnh
0.25
Tnh base yu (do N trong nhn imidazol):
cht
vt l, => Dng base khng tan trong nc, tan c trong acid ch to dng dc
dng hydroclorid tan/ nc, thun li pha dung dch tim tuyn.
ho
=> To ta vi cc thuc th chung ca alcaloid T bng P to ta picrat, o 0.25
hc
tonc ca ta
(ng
0.25
=> L bng PP o acid mi trng khan
dng
trong Nhm nitro thm:
pha
Kh ha bng hidro mi sinh (Zn/H+) to thnh amin thm bc 1.
0.25
ch,
ng dng: T amin thm bc 1 bng phn ng to phm mu ni t. ArNH2
kim
phn ng vi acid nitr (HNO 2 sinh ra bi natri nitrit NaNO 2 v acid 0.25
nghi
sulfuric H2SO4) to ra mui diazoni khng mu; sau mui diazoni ngng
m,
t vi beta-naphtol trong mi trng kim to phm mu nit (mu ).
bo
PTPW:
qun)
Cl2Ar-NO2 + Zn + H2SO4
Ar-NH2 + ZnSO4 + H2O + 2Clda
HO
vo
cu
2-naphtol Ar-N=N
HNO2
[Ar-N+ N]
ArNH2
trc
NaOH
(NaNO2/H2SO4)
ho
hc
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==> ng dng: L sn phm kh ha bng PP o nitrit.
Hp th t ngoi:
Do nhn imidazol nn dc cht hp th bc x t ngoi, ng dng nh tnh,
L dc cht bng phng php quang ph hp th t ngoi

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Tnh acid: do nhm hydroxymethyl (-OH alcol).

ng dng: to dng dc dng metronidazol benzoat khng tan trong nc,
khng cn v ng, dng bo ch dng hn dch ung;
Tnh cht ca c phn t:
nh tnh, th tinh khit bng phng php o nhit nng chy, o ph IR.
lm sc k lp mng
Tng im

0,25

0.25

3.0