SULFONATION

Outstanding drugs made by sulfonation:

Sulfanilamide
p-aminobenzenesulfonamide
known as an intermediate in the manufacture of an orangecolored dye, Prontosil, before its antibacterial properties were
recognized
was ascertained in 1935 as the active antimicrobial part of the
dye

Sulfadiazene

Sulfaguanidine

Sulfathiazole

Furosemide

4-chloro-N-furfuryl-5-sulfamoyl anthranilic acid is prepared by treating

2,4,5-trichlorobenzoic acid with chlorosulfonic acid, and further
treatment with ammonia and furfuryl amine

a very potent diuretic and was the fifth most prescribed medicine in
1981

AMINATION
Propanolol HCl

Sold under the tradename Inderal

second most widely prescribed drug in 1981

Used as an antianginal and antihypertensive drug and is prepared from

1-naphthol and epichlorohydrin

COMPLEX CHEMICAL CONVERSIONS

Ascorbic acid USP, vitamin C

Often called the antiscorbutic vitamin

It is needed in wound and bone healing and is a factor in resisting

infection

It is produced from glucose

Darvon

d-propoxyphene HCL, is a synthetic, nonantipyritic,orally effective

analgesic, similar pharmacologically to codeine

Useful in any condition associated with pain

Lirrium

Chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride

In 1976 represented the second largest annual sale of a prescription

medicinal

Contraceptives

Mestranol drug present in oral contraceptives

FERMENTATION
AND
LIFE
PROCESSING
BIOLOGICALS, HORMONES, AND VITAMINS

FOR

ANTIBIOTICS,

Historically the pharmaceutical industry has frequently used materials

of plant or animal origin as sources of drugs. It was a logical step, although
one a long time in coming for this industry to employ life processes of either
plants or animals and especially microorganisms to produce useful
medicaments.

Fermentation
a process in which microorganisms are permitted to grow
under controlled conditions to produce valuable and often
complex chemicals
produce Vitamin B1233