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Chuyen de Day Boi Duong Vat Ly 10
Chuyen de Day Boi Duong Vat Ly 10
Ni dung:
- 1.1. Chuyn ng thng u.
- 1.2. Chuyn ng thng bin i u.
- 1.3. S ri t do.
- 1.4. Chuyn ng trn u.
- 1.5. Tnh tng i ca chuyn ng.
I. CHUYN NG C
1. Chuyn ng c
- Chuyn ng c l s di ch ca vt theo thi
gian.
2. Cht im
- Cht im hoc khi im l mt khi nim trong
vt l ch nhng vt c khi lng ng k
nhng kch thc c th b qua trong qu trnh
kho st cc tnh cht vt l ca chng.
H Nam
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Chiu chuyn ng
(1.1)
x x x0
Vn tc trung bnh:
x
t
x
t
x0
t0
(1.2)
x l di cht im (vt) i c trong thi gian t
+ Tc trung bnh: V
S S1 S 2 S 3 ... S n
t
t1 t 2 t 3 ... t n
(1.3)
x
khi t 0
t
(1.4)
(1.5)
nu vt xut pht t gc ta th x0 = 0 x = vt
* ng i: s = vt
* Nu t0 0 th x = x0 + v(t - t0)
b. Phng trnh vn tc: v = const
5. th ca chuyn ng thng u
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a. th ta (x - t)
- th ta thi gian ca chuyn ng thng u c dng thng.
+ Nu V > 0 th c dng nh ( hnh 1)
+ Nu V < 0 th c dng nh ( hnh 2 )
- Trong chuyn ng thng u vn tc c gi tr bng h s gc ca ng biu din
ta - thi gian
tan
x x0
v
t
(1.6)
b. th vn tc (v t)
- Do v = constant nn th vn tc l ng nm ngang song song vi trc thi gian
( hnh 3 )
x
x
x0
x0
O
Hnh 1
Hnh 2
t
Hnh 3
Ch dng ton:
- Vit phng trnh chuyn ng thng u ca mt cht im bit 2 im
(x1 , t1 );(x 2 , t 2 )
+ Ti im (x1 , t1 ) : x1 x 0 vt1
+ Ti im (x 2 , t 2 ) : x 2 x 0 vt 2
Gii h phng trnh trn ta c phng trnh chuyn ng.
------------------------------------------------B. BI TP:-----------------------------------------Phng php :
Bc 1 : Xc nh loi chuyn ng ca vt chuyn ng thng u theo chiu dng
hay ngc chiu dng
Bc 2 : Chn chiu dng thng l chiu chuyn ng ca 1 vt no , gc thi gian,
gc to
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(1)
(2)
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v v 10 4
s2
;v2tb 2 3
v2tb
2
2
p s: 9,7km/h
Bi 8: Ti im xut pht trn qung ng thng, c
hai xe t xut pht ng thi vi vn tc khng i v 1
v v2 (v1 > v2 ). Sau mt gi khong cch gia hai xe l
20km nu chy cng chiu v l 140km nu chy ngc
v(m/s)
chiu. Tnh v1 v v2
Bi 9: Mt vt chuyn ng theo ba giai on nh trn
( hnh 9 ). Giai on 1 vt c tc 10 m/s, giai on 2
22
14
10
on
15 22.5
t(s)
Hnh 9
on
Bi 10: Mt chin s dng sng bn vo bia bit rng
s1
s2
Tnh :
a. Khong cch t ch bn n bia
t1
Hnh bt 12
b. Vn tc ca vin n
Coi nh n chuyn ng thng u. Bit vn tc truyn m
v (m/s)
15
O Hnh 14
(s)
Hnh bt 16
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1
on ng u vt chuyn ng vi vn tc v1, thi gian cn li vt tng
3
s: d = 383140 km
Bi 19: Mt chic xe ti i c 150 km trong 2 gi,
ri ngh 1 gi sau i c 120 km trong 2 gi na.
Hnh bt 20
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v1
Hnh bt 21
Hnh bt 22
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a. Hai xe gp nhau lc no v u?
b. Nu xe t B khi hnh lc 6h, th hai xe gp nhau lc no v u?
. Bi ton gp nhau.
+ Khi hai vt gp nhau hai vt c chung mt ta , ta c : x1 = v1t + x01= x2 = v2t + x02
t y ta c th tnh c thi gian 2 vt gp nhau, qung ng i c ca mi
vt cng nh khong cch gia hai vt (x = |x2 - x1| )
+ Trong trng hp hai vt bt u chuyn ng ti hai thi im khc nhau, ta vit
x1 = v1t1 + x01 v x2 = v2t2 + x02 vi t1 t2
. Mt s ch .
Ta ban u da vo chiu
dng chn ( theo trc Ox )
+ Vt nm bn phi gc ta x0 > 0
+ Vt nm bn tri gc ta x0 < 0
a
D
x 0D a
OU
x 0U 0
x 0C b
Cn i vi vn tc
+ Nu v > 0 : Vt chuyn ng theo chiu dng
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b. x = -5 + 10t
c. x = t 10
d. x = - 10 + 8 ( t + 20 )
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Bi 4 : Mt xe my chuyn ng theo trc Ox c phng trnh dng : x = 60 45(t 2), trong x tnh bng km, thi gian tnh bng gi.
a. Xe my chuyn ng dc theo chiu dng, hay chiu m ca trc ta ?
b. Tm thi im xe my i qua gc ta ?
c. Tm qung ng m xe my i c trong 30 pht k t lc bt u chuyn
ng ?
Bi 5 : Lc 7h30 pht sng c mt t i qua A vi vn tc 54 km/h chuyn ng
thng u n B, bit B cch A 150 km.
a. Vit phng trnh chuyn ng ca t.
b. Xc nh v tr ca t khi vo lc 8h00.
c. Vo lc my gi th t n im B.
Bi 6 : Lc 6h sng mt ngi khi hnh t A chuyn ng thng u n B vi tc
20 km/h.
a. Lp phng trnh chuyn ng ca ngi.
b. Vo lc 9h00 th ngi v tr no ?
c. Ngi cch A 40 km vo lc my gi ?
Bi 7: Mt xe chuyn ng t thnh ph A n thnh ph B vi tc 40 km/h. Xe
xut pht t v tr cch A 10 km, khong cch t A n B l 130(km).
a. Vit phng trnh chuyn ng ca xe ?
b. Tnh thi gian xe i n B ?
s: t = 3h
Bi 8 : Lc 8 gi sng mt ngi i t ui theo mt ngi i xe p cch mnh
20 km. C hai chuyn ng thng u vi vn tc ln lt l 40 km/h v 10 km/h.
a. Vit phng trnh chuyn ng ca hai xe trn cng mt h trc ta ?
b. Tm v tr, thi im hai xe gp nhau ?
c. V th ta thi gian ca hai xe ?
Bi 9 : Hai xe chuyn ng vi phng trnh tng ng l : x1 = 40t ( km ; h ) v x2 =
-60t + 150 ( km ; h ).
a. V th chuyn ng ca hai xe trn cng mt trc ta .
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x(m )
s : 1,5h 60 km.
16
Hnh bt 11
pha m l 60 m.
b. Lc t = 1 s vt cch gc ta 15 m v lc t = 4 s vt i
qua gc ta .
t (s)
x (km )
90
T
4.5
2
3
Hnh bt 12
x (m )
t (h)
c. Xc nh v tr ca vt sau 15 giy ?
Bi 12 : Mt cht im chuyn ng trn mt ng
thng theo 3 giai on nh hnh v ( hnh bt 12 ).
30
x 90, (km); 2 t 3h
s : b. AH
x AT 90 60(t 3), (km, h);3 t 4,5h
0
-10 S
8
12
Hnh bt 13
x(m)
45
300
E
16
300
0
Hnh bt 14
12
t(s)
t (s)
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3
t, (m;s)
x1
s : a.
3
x 45 t 3, (m;s)
2
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x (km)
100
xB
xA
40
3
7.5
Hnh bt 27
t(s)
120
90
60
xB - 100
= -30km/h xB = 100- 30t
t
t(h)
x (m)
no?
100 + vBt vB =
2
3
Hnh bt 25
45
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C. BI TP TNG HP
Bi 28: Lc 6 gi mt t xut pht t A i v B vi vn tc 60km/h v cng lc mt
t xut pht t B v A vi vn tc 50km/h. A v B cch nhau 220km.Ly AB lm
trc ta , A l gc ta , chiu dng t A n B v gc thi gian l lc 6 gi.
a. Lp phng trnh chuyn ng ca mi xe.
b. nh v tr v thi gian hai xe gp nhau.c. V th ta - thi gian ca 2 xe trn
cng 1 h trc ta .
p s: a) x1 = 60t (km) ; x2 = 220 50t (km). b) t = 2h; x1 = x2 = 120km.
Bi 29: Lc 7 gi mt t khi hnh t A i v B vi vn tc 40km/h. Cng lc mt
xe khi hnh t B v A vi vn tc 60km/h. Bit AB = 150km.
a. Lp phng trnh chuyn ng ca mi xe.
b. V th ta - thi gian ca 2 xe trn cng 1 h trc ta . Da vo th ch
ra v tr v thi gian v thi im hai xe gp nhau.
c. nh v tr v thi gian v thi im hai xe gp nhau.
p s: a) x1 = 40t (km) ; x2 = 150 60t (km). b v c) t = 1.5h v lc 8gi 30; x1 = x2 =
60km.
Bi 30: Ngi i xe p khi hnh A v ngi i b khi hnh B cng lc v i
theo hng t A n B. Vn tc ngi i xe p l v1 = 12 km/h, ngi i b l v2 =
5 km/h. Bit AB = 14 km.
a. H s gp nhau sau khi khi hnh bao lu v cch B bao nhiu km ?
b. Tm li kt qu bng th.
p s: a. 2h cch B 10 km.
Bi 31: th chuyn ng ca 2 xe c biu din nh ( hnh
x (km)
bt 31)
60
40
t(h)
Hnh bt 31
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Bi 32: Hai ngi i m t xut pht cng lc ti hai im A v B cch nhau 10km,
chuyn ng cng chiu theo hng t A n B. Vn tc ngi xut pht t A l 50
km/h v ngi t B l 40 km/h. Coi chuyn ng ca h l thng u.
a. Chn gc ta l B, chiu dng AB. Lp phng trnh chuyn ng ca mi xe.
b. nh v tr v thi im hai xe gp nhau.
c. Qung ng i c ca mi xe cho n khi gp nhau.
p s: a) x1 = 50t, x2 = 10 +40t b) 1h; 40 km.
c) 50km,40km
x (km)
t(h)
100
x2
x1
t(h)
50
t(h)
0
t(h)
Hnh bt 34
b. Nu c im chuyn ng ca mi xe
(v tr khi hnh, chiu chuyn ng, ln vn tc).
Bi 35: Lc 6 gi mt t chy t Sc Trng vo TP.H Ch Minh vi vn tc
40km/h. n 8 gi t dng li ngh 30 pht, sau tip tc chuyn ng vi cng
vn tc. Lc 7 gi mt t khc cng khi hnh t Sc Trng vi vn tc 50 km/h
chy vo TP.H Ch Minh. Coi chuyn ng ca hai xe l thng u.
a. Vi cng mt gc ta , cng mt gc thi gian. Hy vit phng trnh chuyn
ng ca mi xe.
b. Tm thi im v v tr hai xe gp nhau.
p s: 9 h ; 100 km.
Bi 36: Mt ngi i m t khi hnh t A lc 6 gi n B lc 8 gi, sau ngh
30 pht ri quay tr li A ng 10 gi. Bit AB = 60 km v coi chuyn ng trong
mi lt i v v l thng u.
a. Vit phng trnh chuyn ng ca ngi y.
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b. V th ta .
Bi 37: Hai t cng xut pht t H Ni i Vinh, chic th nht chy vi vn tc
trung bnh 60 km/h, chic th hai vi vn tc trung bnh 70 km/h. Sau 1gi 30 pht,
chic th hai dng li ngh 30 pht ri chy vi vn tc nh trc. Coi cc t
chuyn ng trn mt ng thng.
a. Biu din th chuyn ng ca hai xe trn cng mt h trc ta
b. Hi sau bao lu th xe th hai ui kp xe u.
x (km)
c) 210 km.
t(h)
x1
x2
( hnh bt 38 )
60
30
t(h)
t(h)
Hnh bt 38
c cu a v b.
Bi 39: Lc 6 gi mt on tu t TP.H Ch Minh i Nha Trang vi vn tc 45 km/h.
Sau khi chy c 40 pht th tu dng li mt ga trong 10 pht. Sau li tip tc
chy vi vn tc bng lc u. Lc 6 gi 50 pht, mt t khi hnh t TP.H Ch
Minh i Nha Trang vi vn tc 60 km/h. Coi chuyn ng ca tu v t l thng
u.
a. V th chuyn ng ca tu v ca t trn cng mt h trc ta .
b. Cn c vo th, xc nh v tr v thi gian t ui kp on tu.
c. Lp phng trnh chuyn ng ca tu v ca t k t lc t bt u chy v tm
v tr, thi im t ui kp tu.
p s: b) 8 h 50 pht v cch HCM 120 km.
Bi 40: Lc 7h, mt t chy t Hi Phng v H Ni vi vn tc 60 km/h. Cng lc,
mt t chy t H Ni i Hi Phng vi vn tc 75 km/h. Bit Hi Phng cch H
Ni 105 km v coi chuyn ng l thng.
a. Lp phng thnh chuyn ng ca hai xe trn cng mt trc ta .
b. Tnh v tr v thi im hai xe gp nhau.
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x(m)
14
14
t
3
2
4
Hnh bt 50
vi 4 t 7
c. S = vAtA + |vC|tC = 28m; trong giy th 7 l S = 14/3m
x(m)
16
12
3 4
Hnh bt 51
20
t(s)
t(s)
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x x - x0
=
t t - t0 Khi t 0
- Vn tc trung bnh: v tb
x
t
(2.1)
(2.2)
(2.3)
v v - v0
- Gia tc trung bnh : a = t = t - t = const (hng s)
0
(2.4)
- Gia tc tc thi: a
(2.5)
+ Nu chn t0 = 0 th : v = v0 + at
(2.6)
1
2
(2.7)
(2.8)
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1
+ Nu x0 = 0 th: x = v0t + 2at2
(2.9)
(2.10)
(2.11)
Mt s ch :
Cc cng thc (2.6) ; (2.8 ); (2.9) ; (2.11) c s dng nhiu nht trong li
gii cc bi ton.
. th ca chuyn ng thng bin i u:
- th gia tc thi gian l ng thng song song vi trc Ot.
+ Nu a > 0 th ng biu din nm pha trn trc Ot nh hnh 1.
+ Nu a < 0 th ng biu din nm pha di trc Ot nh hnh 2.
a
a
t
a >0
0
t
Hnh 1
a<0
Hnh 2
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v0
a <0
a >0
v0
Hnh 4
Hnh 3
x0
x0
0
a<0
a>0
x0
Hnh 5
x0
0
Hnh 6
x x 0 v 0 t 1 at 2
2
. Bc 2: p dng cc cng thc.
x v 0 t 1 at 2
2
v 2 v 2 2as
0
II. Bi tp
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v(m/s)
p s : a) v = 25 km/h v b) v = 24 km/h
Bi 9: Trn ( hnh bt 9 ) l th vn tc - thi gian ca
mt vt chuyn ng. Hy xc nh gia tc ca vt trong
2 s u tin v cho bit tnh cht chuyn ng ca vt
2
Hnh bt 9
t(s)
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0,12t2
(x tnh bng m, t tnh bng s)
2
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1,25t2
vi ( 0 t 4s) ; x2 = 10 + 5t vi (4s t 7s ); x3 = 25 + 5t 2
0,5t2
vi ( 7s t 10s )
2
Bi 61 : Mt vt chuyn ng thng nhanh dn u trn qung ng AB vi gia tc
4m/s2. Bit vn tc u qung ng A l vA = 10m/s v vn tc cui qung
ng B l vB = 30m/s.
a. Tnh qung ng AB
b. Chng t rng vn tc trung bnh trong trng hp ny c th tnh bng cng
thc vtb =
vA + vB
2
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6
t(s)
1 Hnh 2.2
b. Khi xe hi ui kp xe gn my lc vn tc ca xe
hi l bao nhiu
Bi 63 : Trn (hnh 2.2 ) l th vn tc ca mt vt chuyn ng thng u theo
hai giai on lin tip nhau.
a. Hy xc nh tnh cht chuyn ng ca vt trong nhng khong thi gian khc
nhau
b. Hy tnh qung ng m vt i c trong 4s chuyn ng
p s : b. s = 21 m
DNG 3 : CHUYN NG THNG CHM DN U
Phng php :
Bc 1 : Xc nh xem vt no chuyn ng nhanh dn u, chm dn u, vt no
chuyn ng thng u.
Bc 2 : Chn chiu chuyn ng ca 1 vt lm chiu dng (nu u bi cha
chn)
Xc nh ta ban u x0 , v0, a ca tng vt mt
i vi chuyn ng thng u th v = v0 = const (khng i) v a = 0
Vit phng trnh chuyn ng, vit phng trnh vn tc bng cch p dng cc
cng thc :
1
x = x0 + v0t + at2 ; v = v0 + at ; x = x0 + vt
2
T y ta c th tnh c thi gian, v tr vt gp nhau, khong cch cng nh vn
tc ca tng vt
Ch : Nu vt no chuyn ng theo nhiu chiu th qung ng vt i c
bng tng cc qung ng vt i trn tng chiu (s x )
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-1
m/s2 ; b) s = 300m
6
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Tnh vn tc, thi gian vin bi chuyn ng xung ti chn mt phng nghing.
So snh vi thi gian vin bi chuyn ng ln
Tnh thi gian vin bi chuyn ng xung na qung ng
p s : a) s = 0,4m ; b) v2 = -2m/s, t2 = 0,4s i ln l v1 = 2m/s, t1 = 0,4s ; t3 = 0,28s
Bi 69 : Mt chic khinh kh cu chuyn ng nhanh dn u theo phng thng
ng t mt t ln trn. Trong khong thi gian t 1 = 5s n t2 =15s, khinh kh cu
bay c 120m.
a. Tnh gia tc, cao, vn tc ca khinh kh cu vo lc 15s
b. Lc 15s ngi iu khin cho khinh kh cu bay chm li dng li ti cao
180m so vi mt t. Tnh gia tc, thi gian ca khinh kh cu chuyn ng trong
giai on ny
p s : a) a = 1,2m/s2, x = 135m, v = 18m/s ; b) a2 = -3,6m/s2, t/ = 5s
Bi 70 : Mt vt chuyn ng theo qu o l ng thng c phng trnh l : x = 2,5t2 + 10t + 4. Tnh qung ng m vt i c t khi xe bt u chuyn ng
n khi xe c vn tc bng -15m/s.
a = -5m/s
2
Phn tch bi ton : x = -5t + 10t + 4 v0 = 10m/s vt chuyn ng chm dn u
x0 = 4m
2
v2 - v20
c (v s = x khi chuyn ng
2a
22,5m
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12
C
1
Hnh 2.3
t(s)
3 4
v(m/s)
A
B
30
10
D
t(s)
8
4
Hnh 2.4
12
dn u ; b) s = 39m
Bi 73 : Cho th vn tc thi gian ca mt vt chuyn ng nh (hnh 2.4)
a. Nu tnh cht ca mi giai on chuyn ng
b. Tnh gia tc trong mi giai on chuyn ng. Lp cc phng trnh vn tc
c. Tnh qung ng vt i c
p s : b) giai on A B v C D c a = 0m/s2, giai on B C c a = -5m/s2 ; c)
s = 280m
DNG 4 : S PHI HP CC CHUYN NG CA NHIU VT
Phng php :
y l bi ton tng qut v phc tp ch mi mt vt li tham gia nhiu
chuyn ng khc nhau nh chuyn ng thng u, nhanh dn v chm dn u.
Mt khc chiu chuyn ng ca mi giai on cng thay i (cng chiu hoc
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x(m)
50
t(s)
O
-75
Hnh 2.5
34
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
0,8t2
+ 10t (m ; s)
v(km/h)
80
(1)
(2)
(4)
40
A
(3)
20
0
B
t(h)
1
2
Hnh 2.6
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CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
b) s = 280m
Bi 79 : Hai t cng khi hnh cng mt lc t a im A sau hai gi chng u i
n a im B. t th nht i ht na u qung ng vi vn tc trung bnh
vtb = 30km/h v na qung ng th hai vi vn tc v/tb = 45km/h. Cn t th hai
th i c qung ng vi vn tc khng i
a. Tnh vn tc t th hai khi n B
b. Ti thi im no hai t c vn tc bng nhau ?
c. Trn ng i c lc no xe n vt xe kia khng ?
5
5
p s : a) v = 72km/h ; b) Ti thi im h trong na u on ng v h ti na
6
4
sau qung ng ; c) Khng
Bi 80 : Chuyn ng ca bn vt 1, 2, 3, 4 c th vn tc - thi gian nh (hnh
2.6)
a. Hy nu tnh cht chuyn ng ca mi vt
b. Lp cc phng trnh vn tc v phng trnh ng i ca mi vt
-----------------------------------C. BI TP TNG HP-----------------------------------------Bi 81 : Mt on tu ang chy vi vn tc 54 km/h th hm phanh. Sau i thm
125m na th dng hn. Hi 5s sau lc hm phanh, tu ch no v ang chy vi
vn tc l bao nhiu?
p s: 10,5 m/s v 63,5m.
Bi 82 : Mt xe t khi hnh vi vn tc bng 0 v sau chuyn ng nhanh dn
u ln lt qua A v B Bit AB = 37,5m, thi gian t A n B l 25s vvn tc ti B
l 30 m/s. Tm vn tc lc xe qua A v qung ng OA.
p s: 5m/s v 12,5m.
Bi 83 : Mt t ri bn chuyn ng nhanh dn u ( vn tc u bng 0 ) vi gia
tc a = 0,5 m/s2. Cn bao nhiu thi gian vn tc t n v = 36 km/h v trong
thi gian t chy c qung ng Sau khi hm phanh 10s th on tu
dng li cch ch hm 135m.Tm vn tc lc bt u hm v gia tc ca on tu.
p s: 2,7m/s2 v 27 m/s.
Bi 84 : Mt vt bt u chuyn ng nhanh dn u t trng thi ng yn v i
ht qung ng trong thi gian 2s. Tnh thi gian vt i ht na qung ng cui.
p s:
0.59 (s).
36
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
37
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
38
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
39
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
1 2
1
at L = v05 + a25 (1)
2 1
2
1
1
C 2 toa : s2 = 2L = v0t + at2 2L = v050 + a502 (2)
2
2
T (1) v (2) -v0 = 30,625a.
40
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
CHUYN 3: S RI T DO
A. L THUYT :
. Khi nim: s ri t do l s ri ca mt
vt ch chu tc dng ca trng lc
. c im:
+ Ch chu tc dng ca trng lc P = mg
+ Phng thng ng, chiu hng v tm ca
Tri t
+ Vt chuyn ng nhanh dn u v lun c
gia tc a = g ( m/s2)
. Cc phng trnh ca vt ri t do:
Vn tc ti thi im t l : v = gt
Phng trnh chuyn ng : h = h0 +
1
2
1
gt2 = gt2 ( h0 = 0 m nu chn gc ta tai im bt u ri t do)
2
Mi lin h gia v, g v h l : v2 = 2gh
-------------------------------------------B. BI TP-----------------------------------------------DNG 1 : S RI T DO CA MT VT
Bi 1: a. Mt hn ri t ming n y ging mt 2,5s. Tnh su ca y ging,
ly g = 9,8m/s2
p s : v = 24,5m/s h = 12,25m
b. Mt vt nng ri t cao 20m xung t, ly g = 10m/s2
1. Tnh thi gian ri
2. Xc nh vn tc khi vt chm t
41
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
42
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
43
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
x(m)
A
B
(2)
0
t(s)
2
Hnh 3.1
44
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
s1 2 gt1
- Qung ng ri c ca hai vin bi l:
s 1 gt 2 1 g (t 0,1) 2
2 2 2 2 1
- M s2 s1 = 2,05 m nn suy ra s1 = 20 m
45
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
Hnh bt 20
g
tan
hnh bt 21
46
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
v =
s
t
( s = M0M ; t rt nh )
47
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
bn knh
Phng
Chiu hng vo tm qu o
* c im :
v2
a
=
= R2
ht
ln
R
--------------------------------------------B. BI TP----------------------------------------------DNG 1 : CHU K - TN S - VN TC GC - VN TC DI
Bi 1: Mt bnh xe my WaveS quay u 120 vng trong thi gian 2s. Hy xc nh
a. Chu k, tn s
b. Vn tc gc ca bnh xe
Bi 2: Mt ng h c kim gi di 4cm, kim pht di 5cm. So snh vn tc gc v vn
tc di hai u kim (Coi chuyn ng ca cc u kim l chuyn ng trn u)
Kim pht quay 1 mt vng th kim gi quay c 1/12 vn g
p p
= = 12 ;
g g
R = v
Bi 3: Mt ng h treo tng c kim giy quay u lin tc. Hy tnh vn tc gc
ca kim giy trong ng h ny
=
2
=
(rad/s)
t 60
Bi 4: Tri t quay xung quanh Mt Tri, Mt Trng quay quanh Tri t u theo
qu o coi nh l trn, c bn knh ln lt l R = 1,5.108km v r = 3,8.105km
a. Tnh qung ng Tri t i c trong thi gian 27,25 ngy
b. Tnh s vng quay ca Mt Trng quanh Tri t trong thi gian Tri t chuyn
ng xung quang Mt Tri ng mt nm (365,25 ngy)
Bi 5: B Hi i xe p vi vn tc 1,2m/s, bit bn knh ca bnh xe p l 0,4m.
Tnh
a. Vn tc gc ca mt im cch trc bnh xe mt khong cch 20cm
48
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
49
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
Hnh bt 13
50
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
CH 5: CHUYN NG TNG I
A. L THUYT:
. Tnh tng i ca chuyn ng:
- Qu o:
Hnh dng ca qu o trong cc h qui chiu khc nhau l khc nhau : Qu o
(tc l v tr) c tnh tng i
- Vn tc:
Vn tc ca vt chuyn ng trong cc h quy chiu khc nhau l khc nhau :
Vn tc c tnh tng i
. Cng thc cng vn tc:
- Cng thc: v13 = v12 + v23 ; trong v13 l vct vn tc tuyt i ; v12 l vn tc
v12 v23 v213 = v212 + v223
Ch , khi gii ton hng dn cho hc sinh u l vt 1 ng yn, vn 2, vt 3.
Sau xc nh cc vecto v13; v12; v23
--------------------------------------------B. BI TP---------------------------------------------DNG 1 : CHUYN NG TNG I CNG PHNG
Phng php:
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CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
52
CHNG 1: NG HC CHT IM
Th.S: NGUYN VN C 0902103775 FACEBOOK: NGUYN VN C GV
tu l : vXT
p s : Coi tu ha l ng yn, vy vn tc ca xe hi i vi
= 9,67m/s ; vX = vXT + vT vT = 11,33m/s
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