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Roman Architecture: Comparative Civilizations 12 K.J. Benoy
Roman Architecture: Comparative Civilizations 12 K.J. Benoy
Comparative Civilizations 12
K.J. Benoy
Origins of Roman
Architecture
As with sculpture,
the Romans
borrowed heavily
from two cultures
that they
conquered the
Etruscans and the
Greeks.
Model of an Etruscan
Temple
Origins of Roman
Architecture
Origins of Roman
Architecture
Romans
needed
The
Maison
Caree
@
interior space for
worship,
whereas
Nimes
the Greeks
worshipped outside.
Their solution was
to extend the walls
outward, creating
engaged columns,
while maintaining
the same basic
shape.
Origins of Roman
Architecture
The Maison Caree @
Nimes
Roman Innovation
To the original
Greek orders, the
Romans added
two:
Roman Innovation
Tuscan Order:
Roman Innovation
The Composite
order combined
elements of both
the Ionic and
Corinthian.
It appears to be
Corinthian acanthus
leaves,
supplemented with
volutes.
Roman Innovation
Roman Innovation
The Temple of
Fortuna
Primigenia was a
massive
structure, made
possible by
concrete
construction.
Roman Innovation
Massive Building Baths
Roman
baths
were
of
Caracalla
the recreation
centers of Roman
cities, incorporating
pools, exercise
facilities and even
libraries.
They could serve
hundreds or
thousands at a
time.
Romans did
not invent this
form, but they
used it well in
bridges, within
buildings, and
to allow
aqueducts to
span rivers
and gorges.
Roman Innovation
Composite Walls
The Romans
transported water from
far away to cities via
aquaducts.
Cities themselves were
plumbed, providing
private water for the
rich and for baths and
communal supplies for
poorer
neighbourhoods.
Roman Innovation
Entertainment the Roman Colosseum
Roman Innovation
- Public Entertainment
Public spectacles be
they gladiatorial
combat or theatrical
were given public
venues.
Theatres and arenas
were built to hold
multiple thousands of
people and were
engineered so as to
allow quick and
effective entry and
exit.
Roman Innovation
Entertainment Ampitheater at Nimes
Roman Innovation
Worship The Pantheon
Roman Innovation
Worship The Pantheon
The magnificent
interior space of
the Pantheon was
achieved by:
Employing a dome
over a drum.
Coffering the dome
to reduce weight.
Placing an occulus
to allow light to
enter.
Roman Innovation
Housing - Insulae
Large
apartment
buildings
housed
most of the
population
of a Roman
city.
Roman Innovation
Road Building
Roman Innovation
Road Building
A large nave is
flanked by side
aisles behind a
row of
supporting piers.
An Apse draws
attention in the
direction of the
altar.
Conclusion