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Bearing of Bridge
Bearing of Bridge
Bearing
contents
END
BEARING
Plate bearings (Sliding& hinged bearings).
Rocker bearings
Roller bearings
Bearing adopted by Railway Board.
END BEARING
The bearings are provided at both the ends of a bridge
girder. One end of the bridge girder is fixed in position
while, the other end is kept free for the horizontal
movement. The bearings are provided for the following
functions:
1- The bearings are provided to transmit the end
reaction to the abutments and/ or piers and to distribute it
uniformly, so that the bearing stress does not exceed the
allowable bearing stress of the material.
2- The bearings are provided to allow the movement in
the longitudinal direction (expansion and contraction) due
to change in temperature and stresses.
Back
Fig 13-1
Fig 13-2
Back
Fig 13-3
Back
Fig 13-4
Fig 13-5
Fig 13-6
R
M =
2
M y
f=
1.4 t / cm 2
I
b1t13
I=
12
f=
& y = t1/ 2
R 2 t1 / 2
b1t13
I=
12
t1 (3 - 4) cm
2- Abearing plate of cast steel (or cast iron for small Roadway
Bridges).
Fixed to masonry by ribs.
The size of the bearing plate is obtained from the allowable bearing
pressure on masonry for granite & basalt or similar hard stones 40
kg/cm2. For reinforced with circular hoops 70 kg/cm2.
R a
M=
2 4
3
M y
b
t
2
f=
1.8 t / cm
I= 2 2
I
12
R a
t2 / 2
M y 2 4
2
f=
1
.
8
t
/
cm
I
b 2 t 32
12
The bearing plates for hinged and
movable bearings are the same size.
& y = t 2/ 2
Cast steel
Back
get t 2
Fig. 13-8
The cast steel sole and cast steel bearing block are used in
these types of bearings. A cylindrical pin is inserted in
between the cast steel sole and the cast steel bearing block.
This pin allows rotations at the ends of bridge girder. The
rocker bearing acts as hinged bearing. The end reaction of
a bridge girder is transmitted to the pin
by direct bearing through the sole attached with the girder.
The vertical plates are used to transmit the end reaction.
The number of plates (two or three) depends upon the
magnitude of end reaction. The end reaction is further
transmitted to the cast steel bearing block and then to the
supporting structure.
In the rocker bearing for free end of the bridge girder the
underside of sole is curved, which rotates on the horizontal
bearing plates and allows longitudinal movement. This acts
as rocker type expansion.
Back
3-Roller bearings.
The roller bearings as shown in Fig. 13-9 are also used
for the long span bridges. Fig. 3.55 (A) shows a single
roller used in the bearing.
Fig 13-9
Back
Fig 13-10
d
D
d Width of segmental roller
D Diameter of segmental roller
R Horizontal travel
sin
(i)
2B
114 .6B
tan
(in radians)
(in degrees)
D
D
Therefore,
114.6B
d D sin
(3.15)
Fig 13-11
The rollers
The size of rollers depends upon the maximum reaction on one
roller and the material of construction.
Formula of Hertz for contact between a plane and cylinder of radius
R and length L is;
max
3 E V 1
4 L r
9
E
R
P 2
16
V
P
nL
9
V E
R
2
16 nL
Or
n Ld
9 EV
2
8
n L d 14.32 V
n L d 17.8 V
For Cast Steel;
t/cm2
V
0.055 d L
n
E = 2200 t/ cm2,
n L d 10.9 V
max = 8.50
V
0.095 d L
n
n L d 8.7 V
max = 6.50
max = 9.50
V
0.117 d L
n
Back
V
=
ab
perm
HL h t HT h t
V
=
2
ab
ba
ab 2
6
1.15 perm
M yu
Ix
and
M yL
ft =
Ix
V a
M=
2 4
C1 C 2
b2
1 / r1 1 / r2
V
where
load per unit length
l
l supporting length
r1 & r2 = radii of upper and lower surfaces
4
C1
1 12
E1
4
C2
1 22
E1
V b max L
4
4V
max
b L
max
3 E V 1 1
4 L r1 r2
max
3 E
V
V E
0.423
4 L r2
L r
Cast Iron
Rolled Steel
Cast Steel
Forged Steel