athematic

ind
apping

PAT 1+
Created by P1
Tel. 085-999-9449


Mathematic Mind Mapping P1
2 P1

(

) P1

admission
P1

PAT 1 P1
( ..2544 )
PAT 1
P1
( P1 )

P1 ( Data base )

.. 2537

( )

P1

....

( P1 )

 1. Created by P1

Nisit tutor

, 5
!! ,
A n(A)



, { }
( )
(
) , ( )
{ 1 , {1} }
{ 1 , {1} , { 1,{1} } }
{ 1 , {1} , { 1,{1} } }
{ 1 , {1} }
A = 2n n A
P(A)
P(A) ( 4 )
P(A) = { 1 , 2 , ... , 2 n }
P(A) = { , 2 , ... , A } ; = , A =

<Tel. 085 999 9449>

( Operation of Set )
(1)
AB = BA , AB = BA
( ) A(BC) = (AB)C , A(BC) = (AB)C
A(BC) = (AB)(AC) , A(BC) = (AB)(AC)
AA = A , A = , A U = A
AA = A , A = A , A U = U
SARUP = , =
A(AB) = A , A(AB) = AB ,
(A) = A , = U , U = , AA = , AA = U
( De morgain ) (AB) = AB , (AB) = AB
( ) A B = AB A BP
(2)

()
(AB)

(1) n(A) = m n[P(A)] = 2m

(2) A = P(A) = { } (3) P(A)
BA
(4) , A P(A) (5) P(A)P(B) P(AB)
(6)* P(A)P(B) = P(AB)

2 n(AB) = n(A) + n(B) n(AB)P)
3 n(ABC) = n(A) + n(B) + n(C) n(AB)
AB
7 8 n (AC) n(BC)+ n(ABC)
3 1 2 + 3 By

2. Created by P1 Nisit

AB

BA
AB
(AB)

(AB)

AB

(AB)

(BA)

AB

tutor <Tel. 085 999 9449>

1 , i2 = 1 )
CO
R ( Real Nu. ) = 1. 0 2.
Q ( Rational Nu. ) = =
iP
Q( Irrational Nu. ) = = 2 ( ) ( log , , , e , )
QI
QI = 2
IP
Q ( ) !!
D ( Decimal ) =
0

IP IP
2 Q( )
I ( Integer ) = , N ( Counting Nu. ) = ( N = I+ ) , F ( Fraction ) =
C ( Complex Nu. ) = , i ( Imaginary Nu. ) = ( i =

RP
QP IDI
IFI

QII
I+ = NP


(1)

I+
I+ I+ I+
I I I I+

(2)

0 0 + a = a
1 1 a = a

P( x ) ( ax b )
P( b/a ) a,b R

Jum! (1) = 0 x
(2) x
[ = P(b/a ) ]
(3) = 0 ,
e a e = a = eaa
,
(
)
a , a 0 ,
(3)
a =

2 2 2 + 2 = 0

a , a 0
1/2 2 1/22 = 1 (1) xy = ? x 0 , y 0 xy ( )

(2) 4y2 = ? y 2 ( 4y2 ) ( )
(1) 1 2x+1 = 0 ( ! )
(3) x(y+2z) = ? x y+2Z x(y+2z) ( + )
b b 2 4ac
(2) 2 factor , x =


2a

(1) a 0
(2) a = a( 4x = x4)
(3) 2 ,
Tip
a a
(3) ab= a b (4)
= ,b0
,
(1) = 0 1
b b
+,
(2) 1 (5) a+ba+b(6)abab

(7) a 2 = a , ( a )2 = a ( ( y 2) 2 = y2)
(1) 1 ,
(8) a2 = a2 x 3 2 = (x3)2

(1)
(2) 2 , 2
b 0
a = b
1
a = b ( a = b or a = b )
!
a = b

factor = 0
Ex1 x2 = 3x+2
Ex2 2x5 = 4x
+
x2 = 3x+2 or x2 = (3x+2) 2x5 = 4x or 2x5 = (4x)

4 = 2x or x2 = 3x2
3x = 9 or 2x5 = 4+x
, + , ,
x = 2 or x = 0
x = 3 or x = 1
, ( ) , , ( ) ( !! x = 2 (

factor 3x2 < 0 )
+

)
(3) ( !!! ) (2) ( )
0
( 2x = x2 )

= 0 x ( )
1

!

+
factor = 0
2
2 1
()() (+)() (+)(+)
3
!! 0 ( )
( )

( 3 )

(1) 3

( Exact Division )
a b
a b
b
b
1.1 a b b a bb
, = k , b = ka , kI {0}
a
a
2x1 x+2 (x+2) 2x1 x+2
( PAT )
(x+2) 2x1 2x+1 x+2
(1) 10

( 2 )
(2)

1.2 a b a b a bL
( Relatively prime numbers )
x+2 3x1 x+2 3x1 x+2 ( 3x1)
a , b ( a,b ) = 1 a
( 2 )
1.3 2 a , b 2

2 7 ( 2,7 ) = 1
18 27 ( 18,27 ) = 9
4 9 ( 4,9 ) = 1
JUM!!
( Division Algorithm )

a 2 = a2
x1 2x1 x1 2 2x1 2
( 2 2 ) (x1) 2 (2x1) 2
(x1)2 (2x1)2 0

[(x1)(2x1)] [(x1)+(2x1)] 0
( x12x+1 )( x1+2x1 ) 0 ( x )( 3x2 ) 0
( x )( 3x2 ) 0 x +
(2)
Pattern
. P1 ..
. ( )
..
x1+2x+3 5

O
O
3/2

=
5 =
5 =
5 =

( ) +

2(2)+1
2(1)+3
2 ( 3 ) + (1)

( The Greatest common divisor : G.C.D )

(1) ...
I+
(2) ... a , b = d ( a,b ) = d
(3) ( a,b ) = ( a,b ) = ( a,b ) = ( a,b )
( 0,a ) = a
(4) a 0

... (1)

(2)

1. U = x 3/2
2. U = 3/2 x 1

... 595 252

[(x1)]+[(2x+3)] 5
[(x1)]+(2x+3) 5

=
( ) +
595 = 252 ( 2 ) + 91 ... = (Z
x+12x3 5
x+1+2x+3 5
252 = 91 ( 2 ) + 70
( 595,252 ) = 7
x 7/3 x 3/2
x 1 3/2 x 1
91 = 70 ( 1 ) + 21 7 .

x 7/3

( 595,252 ) = ( 252,91 ) = ( 91,70 ) =

3. U = x 1
3 70 = 21 ( 3 ) + 7
21 = 7 (3 ) + 0
( 70,21 ) = ( 21,7 ) = 7
(x1)+(2x+3) 5


( The Least common multiple : L.C.M )
3x+2 5

(1) ...
I+
x 1 x 1
( ,7/3 )( 1, )
(2) ... a , b = k [ a,b ] = k

x1
(3) [ a,b ] = [ a,b ] = [ a,b ] = [ a,b ]
( )
(4) [ 0,a ]
a
,
a
0

,
a =

(2) ab = dk ; a,b I+vv

a , a 0 ... (1)

 3.

Created by P1

pq , pq , pq , pq
p q ~p p q p q p q p q
T

Nisit tutor

<Tel. 085 999 9449>

( Tautology ) T


Tautology

Tau , tau u

( Argument )
pq F F , pq T T
Tau
tau
pq T F F
pq T F
(Quantifier)

( . !! ) (1) x[P(x)] T x , F x
(1) ( )
(2) x[P(x)] T x , F y x
x
p q q p , p q q p , p q q p (3) xy[P(x,y)] T ( )
(2) ( ) x y .y ,
T
p (q r) (p q) r p q r
y
x
(4) xy[P(x,y)] T ( )
p (q r) (p q) r p q r

, x y
p (q r) (p q) r p q r
(3) ( () )
y
x
p (q r) (p q) (p r) , p (q r) (p q) (p r) (5) xy[P(x,y)] T ( x y )
(4) ( De morgain )
x P , x
~(p q) ~p ~q , ~(p q) ~p ~q
y
(6) xy[P(x,y)] T ( x y ) x
(5)* ... ..... 2 ( )
x x y
p q ~p q ~q ~p
(6) ...... .... 2

p q (p q) (q p) , ~(p q) ~p q p ~q

(7) ( , ) P(x)Q(x) ~P(x)Q(x) ~Q(x)~P(x)
p (q r) (p q) (p r) , p (q r) (p q) (p r) ( 2 )
(p q) r (p r) (q r) , (p q) r (p r) (q r)
~x[P(x)] x[~P(x)]O , ~x[~P(x)] x[P(x)]]]

4. Created by P1 Nisit

tutor <Tel. 0859999449>

( P1 )
(1)
d

(x2,y2)

(x1,y1)

d = ( x 2 x 1 )2 (y 2 y1 )2

(2)
(x1,y1) d
Ax+By+C = 0
d=

Ax 1 By1 C
A 2 B2

(3)
d
Ax+By+C2 = 0
Ax+By+C1 = 0
d=

C1 C 2
A 2 B2

(x1,y1)

(4)

A
(x2,y2)

x x y y
A = 1 2 , 1 2 b
2
2

(m) =

Ax+By+C = 0A

A x
,
y
B

y 2 y1
, f(x) , tan ( x )
x 2 x1
( )
x2+ax+by+c = 0 , y2+ay+bx+c = 0 ( 3 )

( yk )2 = 4c( xh )A
( xh )2 = 4c( yk )

y = mx+cA (m) 3
x=k

y=k

m +
m m 0
m
2 ( m1 = m2 )
2
1 ( m1m2 = 1 )

(1)
(2)
(3)

( 1 )
( 3 )
( yy1 = m( xx1) , (x1,y1) )

x2+y2+ax+by+c = 0 ( 3 )
( h,k) = .
( xh )2+( yk )2 = r2A
r =

(h,k) r
(1) ( h,k ) , (2) r ( )
(3) ( )
( )

( x h) 2 ( y k )2
2 =1
a2
b
(h,k+b)
(hc,k) (h+c,k)
(ha,k)
(h,k)
(h+a,k)
(h,kb)

( y k )2 ( x h)2
2 = 11
a2
b

C0
F

C0
F

C0
F

C0
F

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

* ( ) = ( )
( h,k ) c
( ) c
( ) = 4c

(1)
(2)
(3)

( h,k )
C ( )
( , )

( hyper )

( y k ) 2 ( x h)2
2 = 11
a2
b
( x h)2 ( y k )2
=
1

a2
b2

(h,k+a)
(h,k+c)
(hb,k)

(1) PF1+PF2 = 2a ( )
(2) = 2b a b
(3) ( h,k )

(h,k)

(h+b,k)

(h,kc)
(h,ka)

(1) PF1PF2 = 2a ( )
(2) = 2b a , b !!
(3) ( h,k )

(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)

c . = a 2 b 2
. , ,
( e ) = c/a ( Ent )
( ) = 2b2/a

(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)

c . = a 2 b 2
. , ,
= ( !! )
( ) = 2b2/a

(1)
(2)
(3)

( h,k )
a , b ( , )
( , )

(1)
(2)
(3)

( h,k )
a , b ( , )
( , )

 5.

Created by P1

Nisit tutor

<Tel. 085 999 9449>

f(x)

( AB )

(1) f(x)
A B
( r : AB ) f(x) = 2x+1 f( ) = 2 + 1
n(A) = mL
n(B) = nL (2) f(x) ( .) f( 3x1 ) = 2x f(x)
3x1 = k x = ( k+1)/3 f(k) = 2( k+1)/3 = ( 6k1 ) / 3
n(AB) = mnL
f( ) = ( 5 ) / 3 f(x) = ( 5x )/3
( Algebra of function )
r : AB r AB
AB 2mn
x
1 = 1 ( f+g )(x) = f(x) + g(x)
( fg )(x) = f(x) g(x)

n( r : AB ) = 2mnL
f r
( fg )(x) = f(x)g(x)
+ , , , (
frL
0 )
( f/g )(x) = f(x) / g(x) ; g(x) 0

f : AB Df = A , Rf B

( PAT )

onto

f : AB Df = A , Rf = B

Df+g = Dfg = Dfg = DfDgP P

Df/g =. DfDg { xg(x) = 0 }PPP

( Dr ) ( Rr )
( f/g 0
( Dr )
( Composite function )
(1) r projection x
g
f
fog g fP
a
1
4
(2) y x x y
fog = { (a,4),(b,5),(c,6) }
b
2
5
( Rr )
c
3
6
fog RgDf
(1) r projection y
fog(x) = f(g(x))P
(2) x y y x
f
g
gof f gP
1
a
4
( r1 )
gof = { (1,4),(2,5),(3,5) }
2
b
5
(1) r1 3
3
c
6
gof RfDg
1. , 2. , 3. y x
gof(x) = g(f(x))P

r = { (x,y)AB y = x 1 }

1.
r1 = { (y,x)BA y = x 1 }

2.
r1 = { (x,y)AB x = y 1 }
3.
2. ( y x )
x = y 1 x2 = y 1 , x 0 y = x2+1 , x 0
r1 = { (x,y)AB y = x2+1 , x 0 }
(2)

Dr 1 = R r R r 1 = Dr

(3) r y = x r1

Dfog = Dfog Dg
Dgof = Dgof Df

, Rfog = Rfog Rf
, Rgof = Rgof Rg

( ) ( Inverse function )
(1) f1(x) ( 2 )
f(x) x y y x P

r f ( 1 !! )
(2)
(1) ( x,y1 ) f ( x,y2 ) f y1 = y2

(2) f r Dr
(3) y 1 f

f(x) f( ) = f1( ) =
f1 r1

Df 1 = R f R f 1 = Df

 6. Created by P1

<Tel. 0859999449>

Nisit tutor

1 ( The Unit Circle )

90, /2
(1) x f
(0,1)

(1) x = cos , y = sin

(2) y Cof
2
2
+
(2) cos +sin = 1
(3) ( )
(,+) (+,+)
Sin All
(3) 1 sin,cos 1
(1,0)
(1,0)
sin() = sin , cos() = cos , tan() = tanP
(4) tan
180,
Tan Cos 0,0
1 5
(,) (+,)

rad
(5)
180

(1) (2)
(0,1)
S
Q
Q

+
(6) = ( / )
270, 3/2
+
R
+

+
+
+
+
0, 0
Q
30,/6 45,/4 60,/3 90,/2
Q
+

sin
0
1/2
2 /2
3 /2
1

(1)
cos
1
3 /2
2 /2
1/2
0
Sin All

tan
0
1/ 3
1
3

(2)
Tan Cos
+
2

( Compound Angle )
( arc )
sin( AB ) = sinA cosB cosA sinB
(1) arc
( sin , cos , cos , sin )
arcsin(1/2) sin 1/2 [ a r = ]
cos( AB ) = cosA cosB sinA sinB (2) arc ( )
( cos , cos , sin , sin )
arcsin(x) = arcsinx , arccos(x) = arccosx , arctan(x) = arctanx
tan A tan B
tan( AB ) =
y = arcsinx
,
y = arccosx
,
y = arctanx
1 tan A tan B
[1,1] [0,]
[1,1] (/2,/2)
R
( , ) [/2,/2]
1

xy

2 ( Double Angle )
(3) arctan
actan x+ actan y = arctan

sin 2A = 2sin A cos A

1 xy
Law of sine
cos 2A = cos2A sin2A ( mix )
Law of sin , Law of cosine
sin A sinB
sin C
B
=
=

= 2cos2A 1 (pure cos)
Law of cosine
a
b
c
2
2
2 2
= 1 2sin A (pure sin)
c
a
a = b +c 2bccosA
c
a
b

=
=
2
2
2
2 tan A
b
=
a
+c

2accosB
sin
C
sin
A
sin
B
tan2A =
A
C c2 = a2+b2 2abcosC
1 tan2 A
sinA : sinB : sinC = a : b : c
b

3 ( Treble Angle ) 2 1 ( ) 3 Law of cosine
sin3A = 3sinA 4sin3A
1
1
1

= absinC , = acsinB = bcsinA
3
cos3A = 4cos A 3cosA
2
2
2

1/2 ( Half Angle )
3
3 tan A tan A
tan3A =
A
A
A
1 cos A
1 cos A
1 cos A
1 3 tan 2 A
sin =
cos =
tan =
2
2
2
2
2
1 cos A

, ( 8 )

sinA + sinB = 2sin (A+B)/2 cos(AB)/2

2sinAcosB = sin( A+B ) + sin( AB )
+
sinA sinB = 2cos(A+B)/2 sin(AB)/2
2cosAsinB = sin( A+B ) sin( AB )
A
cosA + cosB= 2cos(A+B)/2 cos(AB)/2
2cosAcosB = cos( A+B ) + cos( AB )

2
cosA cosB = 2sin(A+B)/2 sin(AB)/2
2sinAsinB = cos( A+B ) cos( AB )

 7.

2
( . )
x 2 y ,
x2 y =

x 2 y ( )

a b ab = y , a+b = xP

x 2 y = ( a b ) P

JUM !
8 2 15

Ex1.

=
8 + 2 15 =

5+ 3
( 5 + 3 )

Ex2.

7 24 = 7 2 6
7 24

=
6 1
= ( 6 1)

Ex3.

2 21
10 2 21
=
2
2
= ( 7 3 )/ 2

5 21 =

Logarithmic Function
f = { (x,y)R+Ry = logax , a0 , a1 }P
expo
expo y = x
y=x
JUM ! log

log
(0,1)
(0,1)

(1,0)

(1,0)

log

( 0a1 )

(a1 )
0

log (
log )
(1)* logaM = N M = aN ( log , )
(2) loga1 = 0
(3) logaa = 1
(4) log10x = logx
(5) lnx = logex , e 2.7183
(6) logaMN = logaM + logaN ( log = log )
(7) logaM/N = logaM logaN ( log = log )
log5 = log(10/2) = log10 log2 = 1 log2
log M logM
1
( log )
(8) logaM = N =
=
logN a log a logM a
p
(9)** loga q Mp = logaM
( , )
q
(10)** aloga M = M
( , log )

Exponential Function
f = { (x,y)RR+y = ax , a0 , a1 }P
JUM
Expo
(0,1)
(0,1)

log
(1) log
log ,
( 0a1 ) (a1 )
0 1

logaM = N M = aN
Exponential
log 2
(2) log 2
2

logaM = logaN M = N
am = an m = n
(3)* 2
am = bn m = n = 0
1. log 0 2. log 0 1
am = bn m n 0 take log
log
3 ( )
(1) log log ,

f ( a 1 )
f ( 0 a 1 )
factor ( . )
logaM N M aN
logaM N M aN
3 + factor
Exponential
logaM N M aN
logaM N M aN
f , f
(2) log 2 log 2
f ( a 1 )
f ( 0 a 1 )
f ( a 1 )
f ( 0 a 1 )
am an m n
am an m n logaM logaN M N logaM logaN M N
am an m n
am an m n logaM logaN M N logaM logaN M N
SA-RUP f f P


(3) 2 ( log )

 8.

Created by P1 Nisit

( )
a11 a12 a13
A=

a 21 a 22 a32

tutor

det
1. A = B detA = detB 2. detAB = detAdetB
3. det ( An ) = ( det A )n
4. det(AB) detAdetB
6. det A1 = 1 / detA
5. det At = det A
23
n
7. A nn det( kA ) = k detA
8. det = 0

A
B
C

mn
pq
mq 9. det = det
=
10.

,
det

Mij(A) , Cij(A) , adj(A) , A1

t
( A )
A1 =
adjA
1
P
A
=
( I )
adjA =
det A
0
1
0
1 0
JUM adjA 3
adjA = [ cof A ]tP
I=
, I = 0 1 0 JUM IA = AI = AP
0
1
0 0 1

1. adjA = [ cof A ]tP

1
1
1
( A ) JUM A A = AA = IP
c11 c12 c13
1

2. adjA = A detAO
d b
a b

1
cofA = c 21 c 22 c 23
1
A =
n1 P
A = det A c a
c
d
c31 c32 c33 3. det(adjA) = (detA)

det = 0 A1
Cij(A) = (1)i+jMij(A)P cofA = cij(A)
det 0 A1


M (A) = det i j
1. AB BA ( ) ij
Rowoperation ( 3 )
2. (AB)t = At Bt
3. (AB)1 A1B1
(1) Rij i j (2) kRi (3) Ri kRj ; k RP
5. (AB)1 = B1A1
4. (AB)t = BtAt
Row operation
6. ( kA )1 = (1/k)A1 7. (kA)t = kAt
t t
1 1
(1) det R.O. 0 ( (3) )
8. ( A ) = A
9. ( A ) = A
1 t
t 1
1.1 Ri
10. ( A ) = ( A )
11. A(B+C) = AB+AC
1.2 Ri kRj ; k R
( Det )
3


22

(2) A1 [ A I ] ~ [ I A1]P
Rowoperation
P1
a b
a b
(3) [ A k ] ~ [ I X ]P
A=
=
ad

bc
,
detA
=

c d
c d
33 2

Cramers Rule ( )
-24+0+0 = -24 a1x+b1y+c1 = k1 JUM (1) det 4
1 0 -2
1 0 -2 1 0
a2x+b2y+c2 = k2 (2) det .
A = -1 3 0 detA = -1 3 0 -1 3
a3x+b3y+c3 = k3 (3) 1,2,3 x,y,z
4 2 1
4 2 1 4 2
a1 k1 c1
k1 b1 c1
a1 b1 k1
3+0+4 = 7
c
k
a
2
2
c
2
k2 b2 2
a2 b2 k2
det A =

= 7(24) = 31
a k3 c3
x = k3 b3 c3 , y = 3
, z = a3 b3 k3
a1 b1 c1
a1 b1 c1
a1 b1 c1
nn det A = aijcijP ( 1 ) ;
a2 b2 c2
a2 b2 c2
a2 b2 c2
aij = i j , cij = i j
a3 b3 c3
a3 b3 c3
a3 b3 c3

 9. Created by P1 Nisit

1.
2. + , vector
vector
vector
3. ( ) vector
vector
AB = ( 3(1) ) i +( (1)2 ) j
B(3,1 )
AB = 4 i 3 j = -34

A(1,2)

B(1,2,0)

A(2,2,5 )

BA = ( 2(1) ) i +( (2)2 ) j +( 50 )k
3
5

BA = 3 i 4 j +5k = -4

tutor <Tel. 085 999 9449>

1. u v u v = 0 ( cos90 = 0 )
dot = 0 ( )
2. u v = v u ( dot cross )
3. dot ( )
u u = u 2 dot
(u + v )(u + v ) = u + v 2 = u 2 +2u v + v 2
(2u v )(2u v ) = 2u v 2 = 4 u 2 4u v + v 2
4. dot
u v = u v cos
u v
u v
cos =
= arccos
P
uv
uv

( Cross Product or Vector product )
4. u = k v (1) u / / v (2) u = k v
3 ( 3D ) u = ai +b j +ck , v = di +e j +fk
(3) k 0 , u v k 0 , u v
i j k
5. au = b v u v u , v 0
u v = a b c det 33
b
a = b = 0 ( u = v )
d e f
a



a
1. u v

u v
a
u =
b
u = b
c
U
U V
VU
= ai +b j
= ai +b j +ck

vector
Vector
1

u = a2 b 2
u
ai b j
= 2 2
u
a b

VU

u = a2 b 2 c2
u
ai b j ck
= 2 2 2
u
a b c

( Scalar Product or Dot product )
2 ( 2D ) u = ai +b j , v = ci +d j
u v = ac+bd
i + j
u v = u v cos u v

U V

2. u v = ( v u ) [ u v = v u ]
3.* 1. 2.
(u v )
1

u , v =
P
u v
4. u u = 0
5.

3 ( 3D ) u = ai +b j +ck , v = di +e j +fk 6.
u v = ad+be+cf i + j + k
U
u v = u v cos u v
() 0180

( 2 () det = 0 )
u v =
u , v

V
U

W
V

u ( v w ) =
( )
u , v , w
* = det P
( )

 10. Created by P1 Nisit

tutor

<Tel. 085 999 9449>

= 0 2i
n
1
1. i = i , 1 , i , 1 n 4
(z1) z 1

1 i , 2 1

3 i , 0 ( ) 1 z1 = z1 cis1 , z2 = z2 cis2
2. z = a+bi , Re(z)= a , Im(z) = b z z = z z cis( + )


1 2
1 2
1
2
z = 23i , Re(z) = 2 , Im(z) = 3
z1
/
z
=
cis( 12)
z
1
2
3. i
z2
z = a+bi z = abi z = 23i , z = 2+3i
zn = zn cisn , n I P
z1 z 2 = z1 z 2 , z1 z 2 = z1 z 2 , z1 / z 2 = z1 / z 2
!!! n n



n
1. i factor
z = a+bi z = a 2 b 2
z = 23i , z =
z1z2 = z1z2 ,

2 2 ( 3) 2 =

13

z
z1
= 1 , z1z2 z1z2
z2
z2

zn = zn , z = z ,

z z = a2+b2 = z2

z = 23i z z = 22+(3)2 = 13

z1 z 2 z1 2z1z 2 z 2
2

z1 z 2 = ( z1+z2 )( z1 z 2 ) = ( z1+z2 )( z1 z 2 )
2

z a
z a
2. i z1/2 = z =

i
2
2

2 factor ( ?!? )
2k
z1/n = z1/ncis
, k 0,1,2,,n1P
n
2

Tip (Z0 = z1/ncis ) +

n
n
( Polynomial equation )

= z1 z1 z 2 z 2 z1 z 2
+, , ,
z1 = 23i z2 = 1+2i
z1+z2 = [ 2+(1) ]+[ (3)+2 ]i = 1 i
z1z2 = [ 2(1) ]+[ (3)2 ]i = 3 5i
z1z2 ( ) = ( 23i )( 1+2i )
= 2 + 4i + 3i 6i2 = 2+7i+6 = 4 + 7i
z1 / z2 ( z z = a2+b2)
2 3i 1 2i
8 i
8 1
=
=

=
1 2i 1 2i
( 1)2 2 2
5 5

b b 2 4ac
2 factor , x =
2a
3 ( Synthetic Division )
Tip
(1) = 0 1
(2) 1

1. z z . R

z = a + bi z = a bi

2i 3i f(x) = 0
( ) f(x) = a [ x( 2i ) ] [ x( 2+i ) ] [ x( 3i ) ] [ x(3i ) ]
z x+yi
= a [ ( x2) i ] [ ( x2)+i )] ( x3i ) ( x+3i )
!! . = 1

( Polar Form )

( . )
z = a+bi z ( cos +isin ) z cisP
2. xn+axn1+bxn 2+ ... + z = 0 ( 1 )
2
2
1. z z = a b

= a
2. tan = b/a ( )

= z , n
3. ( All Sin Tan Cos )
= z , n
( z a , b x, y ) cis

 11. Created by P1 Nisit

= (d )
an = a1 + (n1)dd
n
n
Sn = ( a1+an ) = [ 2a1+(n1)d ]P
2
2
= ( r )
a (1 r n )
a
an = a1rn1 , Sn = 1
, S = 1 , r 1P
1 r
1 r

tutor <Tel. 085 999 9449>

( n , Sn )
1. take ( Sn = an )

Sn = a1+a2+an Sn = anP

an , take , n , n 2 , n3
2.
n
n
Sn = ( a1+an ) , an , Sn = [ 2a1+(n1)d ] , dP
2
2

a1(1 r n )
3. Sn =
, r 1P
N
6
1 r
(1) c = Nc
N , 5 =5(6) = 30
4. ( n )
i1
i1
N
N
1
1
Sn =
+
+ ( 2 )
(2) kx i = k x i , 5x = 5x
3

5
5

7
i1
i1
1
1
N
N
N
(3) ( x i y i ) = x i y i , Sn = 1 5 + 3 7 + ( 2 )
i1
i1
i1
1
1
+
+ ( 3 ! )
Sn =
2

4
3

1 1
1
1 1
1
n

an=
, an =

n(n 1)
1+2+ +n n
d
d 2 2
i
2
i 1
( , lim Sn , S )
n
n(n 1)( 2n 1)
2
2 2
2
2
n
1 +2 ++n n
i
6
i 1
1. take
n
an Take an = Sn Take lim lim Sn = S
n(n 1) 2
3
2
3 3
3
3
[ n] [
]
n
1 +2 ++n n
i
2
i 1
lim S , S

lim an
n

lim Sn , S
n

1. n = an lim an

n
k

0
k
=0,
=, =0
=,
lim an
0

k
k
n
0
2. , , ! 2. (
0
0+0+ .... = 0 )
2.1 2.2 2.3
a
3. an
3. S = 1 , r 1P
1 r
3.1
( , )
4. , Telescropic
3.2
= . / .
( ) take lim
3.3
0
n
( !! )
4. an expo
4.1
( , ) 5. ( A.G.S ) ( )

4.2
= . / .
an =

4.3
0
1/r ( )

 12. Created by P1 Nisit

lim f ( x )

tutor

xa

<Tel. 085 999 9449>

[ f(x) = x ]

m = m
m = k1
1. x = a f(x)
k
k

0
=0,
=,
= ,
=0
m = k2 f(a) = k
1
0

k
k
0
f(b) = k2
2. , , !
0
x=a
x=b
2.1 2.2 factor 2.3
s(t) , v(t) , a(t) ( )
2.4 ( LHopitals Rule ) ( )
s( t 2 ) s( t 1 )
v(t) =
t 2 t1

1. lim f ( x ) f(x) x a
t
= s(t) = v(t)
xa
v( t 2 ) v( t 1 )
( = ) a(t) =
t 2 t1
2. lim f ( x ) f(x) x a
x a
t
= v(t) = a(t)
3. lim f ( x ) f(x) x a SARUP
s(t)
v(t)
a(t)
x a

v(t)
=
s(t)
4. f(a)
f(x) x = a
lim f ( x ) = , lim f ( x ) =
a(t)
=
v(t)
= s(t)
x a

x a

1. 2
x f(x) = 0
, f(c) = 0
xa
x f(x) , f(c) =
(3) (1) = (2)

2.
( .) 2
f(x) +
f ( x 2 ) f ( x1)

=
f(x)
x 2 x1
f ( x h) f ( x )

x
= lim

h0
h

dy
)
( 1 , 1 , y , f(x) ,

dx
(
diff )

y
f(x) = c f(x) = 0
f(x) = xn f(x) = nxn1 [ f(x) = x ,f(x) = 1 ]
y
f(x) = cg(x) f(x) = c[ g(x) ]
(
)
f(x) = g(x) + h(x) f(x) = g(x) + h(x)
f(x) = g(x)h(x) f(x) = g(x)h(x) + h(x)g(x) 1. kdx kx c
g( x )
h( x )g( x ) g( x )h( x )
f(x) =
f(x) =
2. kf ( x)dx k f ( x)dx
h( x )
[h( x )]2
f(x) = [g(x)]n f(x) = n[g(x)]n 1 [g(x)]
3. [ f ( x ) g ( x )]dx f ( x ) dx g ( x ) dx
y = fog(x) = f[g(x)] y = f[g(x)][g(x)]
x n 1
n
x
dx

c n 1
4.
y = gof(x) = g[f(x)] y = g[f(x)][f(x)]
n 1

f x = a
1. x = a
2. (1) f(a) (2) lim f ( x )

1.
2.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

6.
7.
8.

( ) c f ( x ) dx = F(b) F(a) , F(x) = f ( x )dx

a

f ( x ) dx

..
y = f(x) x

x = a x = b

f(x)

f(x)

xxx
y

y = f(x)
a

A = f ( x ) dx
a

c
b

y = f(x)

b
b

f(x)PPPPP

2

y , d y , 2
dx 2
xxx
dy
y ,
, 1
dx

y = f(x)

y = f(x)

A f ( x ) dx A = f ( x ) dx + f ( x ) dx

A = f ( x ) dx
a

13. Created by P1 Nisit

( )
1. ( )
2.

( move )

3.
3.1

3.2
(

)
( Factorial , n! ) , n I+ , I0
n! = n(n1)(n2)321P ; 0! = 1! = 1

tutor

<Tel. 085 999 9449>

fix 1
n ( ) n (n1)!
3 =
, nCr

10 9
2 1
n!
n
8 7 6
Cr =
8
8
C5 = C3 =
r!(n r )!
3 2 1
n
Cr n r
10

C8 = 10C2 =

, nPr
5
( )
n!
n
Pr =
P3 = 543 ( 5 3 )
6
(n r )!
P2 = 65 ( 6 2 ) 5 3 543 = 60
5 4
5
n
Pr n 5 3 C3 = 2 1 = 10

n
r Pr
A B ( f : AB )
n ( ) n n!
Df = A , Rf B ( , )
onto
, ,
A B ( f : AB )

Df = A , Rf = B ( , )

= ( ! )/ ( ! )
1. ( , Df = A )
AAABBC

( 6! ) / ( 3!2! )
2.

 ( )
( Probability , P(E) )
P(E)

n(E)
1. = ! / !
P(E) =
P
=
n(S) n(E) P
n(S)

2. = ! / ( ! )( ! )
3 = 5! / 3!2!
3 = 6!/ 3!3!(2!)
n(E) = ( E S )
5
6
2
3
n(S) =

( )

(a+b)n = nC0anb0 + nC1an1b1 + nC2an2b2 + ..+nCna0bnP

(1) P(E) = 1 P(E) (2) 0 P(E) 1 , 0% P(E) 100%
n
( a+b)

2
2
1. n+1
(1) 2
n
0
2. ( a ) 1 a a
P(AB) = P(A)+P(B)P(AB)
3. ( b ) 1 b0 bn
(2) 2 P(AB) = P(A)P(B)
n
n r rPP
4. r+1 Tr+1 = Cra b
( )

14. Created by P1

Nisit tutor

59

4.5

9.5

4/20

10 14

9.5

14.5

12

12

8/20

15 19

14.5

19.5

17

17

5/20

20 24

19.5

24.5

22

20

3/20

<Tel. 085 999 9449>

= min 0.5
= max + 0.5
4/20 = ( max+min ) / 2
=



12/20
=
/

17/20
=
/

20/20
= max min + 1
) (2) ( Median,Me )

( 6 3
(1) ( , x )
xi
1.1 = x =
N
fi x i
1.2 = x =
N
fi , xi
fd
1.3 = x = a + d I = a + i i I
N
a
d=0
di , I
wi x i
1.4 = x =
wi
wi , xi
N x N2 x ...
1.5 2 = x = 1
N1 N2 ...

2.1

1.
N1
2. Me =
N

2
3. 2
2.2

N
1. Me (
)
2

( F )
2.
N f
L

3. Me L 2
I
f
m

L
=

Me

fL =
I
=

=

Me
fm

(3) ( Mode,Mo ) ( 1 , , )
3.1 Mo =
3.2 Mo =

 , x , Me
1. ( x i ) , ( x i x ) = 0

2. ( x i M)2 M = , x
3. x i M M = Me

(Qr) , (Dr) , (Pr)
JUM ( r ) P
Qr Q1 Q2 Q3
P1 Q3

25% 25% 25% 25%
3
P1 x P1 x
Dr
4
D1 D2 D3 D4
D9 P D4

10%10%10%10% ..
10%
4
P x P x
10
Pr
P1 P2 P3 P4 ..
P99 P P
15

1%1%1%1%1% . . ..
1%
15

x
P
x

Qr , Dr , Pr
100

(1) Qr , Dr , Pr
(N 1) r

Qr
=
4
(N 1) r

Dr
=
10
(N 1) r
=

Pr
100
(2)
(3)

2
(1) ( )
( Range )

=
xmax xmin
=
max min
( Q.D. )
Q 3 Q1
, =
2
( M.D.)
xi
xi x
=
=
N
N

i ( )

xi

fi x i x

fi x i

N
N
x i , fi .
( S.D. , S , ) ( )

( x i )2 =

x i2 2

S =

( x i x )2

x i2 Nx

xi

=
N1
N1
i ( )

fi ( x i )2 =

S =

2
fi ( x i x )2 = fi x i Nx

N1
x i , fi
( Variance )
( 2 )

fx i2 2
N

N1
.

(x i )2
x i2

=
2
N
N
(1) Qr , Dr , Pr
Nr f
2
L

fi ( x i )
fx i2

Nr Nr Nr
Qr L 4
I
=
2

,
( F )
,
N
N
4 10 100
fQ r

( S )
(2) Qr , Dr , Pr
2
Nr f
L L =
(x i x)2
x i2 Nx
Qr , Dr , Pr
10

=

Dr L
I r = Q , D , P
N

1
N1
f
r
r
r
Dr

2
f , f , f =

fi x i2 Nx
Qr , Dr , Pr
fi ( x i x )2

Q r Dr Pr

=
Nr f
N

1
N1

L N =
100
Pr L

I
f =

fPr

L
Ent

I
=
Tip Me , Qr , Dr , Pr ( N , Nr , Nr , Nr )

JUM P
2 4 10 100

( x ) , Me , Mo , Range , Q.D. , M.D. , ( S.D.) , 2(S2)

N112 N2 22 .... x1 , x2 , .., xN
A B C D
E
F
G
G2
2
(1) 1=2 , =
N1 N2 ....
x1k , x2k , , xNk Ak Bk Ck D
E
F
G
G2
(2) 12 , 2 = kx , kx , , kx
kA kB kC kD kE kF kG k2G2
1
2
N
x2 = x12+ x22 2 3 +,,, , 4 +, ,
(2) ( )
( JUM!
4 )

x max x min

=
x max x min
max min
=
max min

Q Q
, = 3 1
Q 3 Q1

M.D. M.D.
,
, =

x
( C.V. )
S.D.
,
, =

1.
( S.D.) = 3

2.
( S.D.) = 2

( x ) = 2

( x ) = 1

2 1.
CV2 CV1 ( S.D.
)

(
( ) )

< <

< <

= =

( ,z ) 2
(1) Z = 0 Z 0
(2) Z2 = N Z
(3) Z ( SDZ ) = 1 Z 1
( )
Zi =

xi
x x
P Zi = i P

( xi )P
xi

( Z )P

Z
x
,
1. ( x i ) , ( x i x ) = 0 1. Zi = i

x x
2. ( x i M)2 Min
Zi = i
s
M = , x
2. Z = 0
3. x i M Min
3. Z2 = N
M = Me

( A )P
A
1.

( Pr )P
Pr
1. r

2. 2. Z 0 Pr 50
z = 1 , A = 0.3413

z = 1
Pr 84.13

A = 0.5
4. Z = 1
3. 2
3. Z 0 Pr 50
( SDZ = 1 )
z = 1 ,
z = 1 , z = 1
A = 0.3413
A = 0.3413 Pr 50 34.13
= 15.87


( )
1.


: Y
=
mX + c

...
.
.
.. . ... . .

(1)
(2)
(3)

yi =

m x i + cN

x iyi =

x i2

i1
n

i1
n

i1

i1

----- JUM Take A

+ c x i ----- JUM Take x A

i1

x y ( )

3.1
2 2
( x , y )
xy nx y , c = y mx
m , c 2
3.2
m =
2
2

x nx

2.
( ent ) : Y

.. ..
. ..

(1)
(2)
2.1

2.2

..
.. .
. ..

yi
i1
n

i1
n

i1
n

i1
n

i1
n

i1
n

a x i2 + b x i + cN

---- JUM Take

x iyi =

a x i3 + b x i2 + c x i ---- JUM Takex

x i2 y i =

a x i4 + b x i3 + c x i2 ---- JUM Takex2

i1
n

i1
i1
i1
i1
( x , y )
a , b c 2

3 3 (
a = k1b+k2c 2 2 2 )
!! x = 0 ( x3 = 0 )
( Row Operation )
3.
( ent )
:
Y
= abX
Take log logy
= loga + xlogb

.. .
.. .
. .. . . .

(1)
1.1

aX2 + bX + c

log y i
i1
n

= Nloga+ ( logb) x i
i1

---- JUM Take

n
n

x
log
y
=
(
loga
)
x
+
(log
b
)
i i
i
x i2 ---- JUM Takex
loga , logb 2
i1
i1
i1
2 2
x log y nx log y , loga =
log y x logb
1.2

logb =
2
x 2 nx

Y = abX
take

( , )


( )

(1)
..... , 3 , 2 , 1 , 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 1
2
(2)
..... , 5 , 3 , 1 , 1 , 3 , 5 ,

 15. Created by P1 Nisit

tutor

<Tel. 085 999 9449>

(1) ( . x , . y , )
(2) y ( y )
(3) , (4) , ( 5 ) , ,

(1) x , y
(2)
(3) (4)
(5) ( ( ) )
(6)

PAT (1) , (2) , (3)