Human Body Systems CASE 21 Study Guide

Unicellular organisms consist of a single cell and perform all life processes
within a single cell. Multicellular organisms are organisms that consist of
more than one cell and have differentiated cells that perform specialized
functions in the organism. Many organisms - including humans - are
multicellular. In complex multicellular organisms, only the surface cells that
are in contact with the external environment are able to exchange
substances with it. Cells within the organism are too far away from the
environment for direct exchange. This is the reason multicellular organisms
have developed transport systems.

There are many systems in the human body. Some of these systems are:
- Circulatory System (heart, blood, vessels)
- Respiratory System (nose, trachea, lungs)
- Skeletal System (bones)
- Muscular System (muscles)
- Digestive System (mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines)
- Nervous System (brain, spinal cord, nerves)
Each system performs a special life process function, and the systems work
together to maintain health and fitness. The circulatory system and
respiratory system work together to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body
and get rid of wastes like carbon dioxide. The muscular system, skeletal
system, and nervous system work together to make the body move.

Life processes and species characteristics that define a population will be

transmitted from parent to offspring. These processes and characteristics
cover a broad range of structures, functions and behaviors that can vary
substantially from individual to individual.

Some likenesses between parents and children are inherited. Other

likenesses are learned from parents or within the community
(population/culture). In order for offspring to resemble their parents, there
must be a reliable way to transfer genetic information from parent to
offspring. You should be able to identify if a trait is inherited or learned.