SPH3U Formula Sheet

Quadratic Formula

Sine/Cosine Laws
2

c = a + b 2 ab cos C
sin A

sin B

sin C

a ave =

Eh = mc t

v ave =

q = Ne
I =

t
at

1
2

1

d = v 2 t 2 at

2

ac =

R1

R2

L1

L2

P = IV = I R =

c = f

4 r

A2
A1

v1

= 4 rf
2

v AB = v AC + v CB

n=

v2

GMm
r

parallel

VT = V1 + V2 + ...

VT = V1 = V2 = ...

I T = I1 = I 2 = ...

I T = I1 + I 2 + ...
1

RT = R1 + R2 + ...

Fg = mg

G = 6.67 10
g=

11 Nm 2

RT

1
R2

do
1

P=

F f = FN

F net = ma

F1

Work, Energy and Power

Ek =

1
2

mv

E k =

1
2

P=

E
t

N1

V2

N1

mgh1 =

Ek = E g

Tm
A

I2

P = Fvave

N0

# images =

A0

1
2 mv2 + m2 gh2

n2

nsmall
nbig

f1 = f2

n1

hi

m=

di

ho

di
do

360

Waves and Sound

v s = 332 ms + 0.59T
f1vs

f2 =

f1

transformers

I1

(diopters)

f2

fbeat = f 2 f1

vs vo

intensity =

coil

I1

I2

Nuclear

Conservation of Energy
1
2 mv1 +

N2

E = mc
2

N2
=

0 = 4 10

m ( v2 v1 )

Ek 2 = Ek 1 + W
W

V1

E g = mg ( h2 h1 )
2

F2

W = F d cos = E
E g = mgh

NI

Bcoil = 0

sin crit =

sin 2

v = f

Electromagnetism

8 m

+ ...

R2

cost of electricity = cost per kWh or MJ energy used

kg 2

GM

c = 3.00 10

sin 1

Dynamics
Fg =

Optics

series

n1 sin 1 = n2 sin 2

f =

Waves and Light

T =

Ee

v 2 = v1 + 2 a d
v

19

f =

d = v1t +

e = 1.602 10

R=

Eh = Lv m

v 2 + v1

d =

Frequency and Period

Electricity

v 2 = v1 + at

measure1+ measure 2
2

100%

2

| measure1 measure 2 |

% difference =

m1c1t1 = m2 c2 t 2

E h = L f m

v 2 + v1

useful output energy

100%

accepted

total input energy

measured accepted

% error =

d

v 2 v1

b 4 ac

Error Formulae

2a

efficiency =

x=

Efficiency and Heat

Kinematics





d 2 d1
v ave =

for 0 = ax + bx + c

d2

power

I1

area

I2

L2

d1

L1

T1
T2

r2

r1

2
1

two free ends or two fixed ends

()
1

T1

L=

f n = nf1

c = 3.00 x10

one fixed end one free end

L=

(2 n 1)
4

fn = (2 n 1) f1

100%