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FEM Zabaras 3DFEMAnalysis
FEM Zabaras 3DFEMAnalysis
Nicholas Zabaras
Materials Process Design and Control Laboratory
Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
101 Rhodes Hall
Cornell University
Ithaca, NY 14853-3801
1 1
N1(e) = (1 − ξ )(1 − η )(1 − ζ ), N 2(e) = (1 + ξ )(1 − η )(1 − ζ )
8 8
1 1
N3(e) = (1 + ξ )(1 + η )(1 − ζ ), N 4(e) = (1 − ξ )(1 + η )(1 − ζ ) or in compact format :
8 8
1
1 1 Ni(e) = (1 + ξξi )(1 + ηηi )(1 + ζζ i ), i = 1,...,8
N5(e) = (1 − ξ )(1 − η )(1 + ζ ), N 6(e) = (1 + ξ )(1 − η )(1 + ζ ) 8
8 8
(ξ i ,ηi , ζ i ) : master coordinates of node i
1 1
N 7( e) = (1 + ξ )(1 + η )(1 + ζ ), N8( e) = (1 − ξ )(1 + η )(1 + ζ )
8 8
In compact format :
1
Ni(e) = (1 + ξξ i )(1 + ηηi )(1 + ζζ i )(ξξ i + ηηi + ζζ i − 2), i = 1,...,8
8
1
Ni(e) = (1 − ξ 2 )(1 + ηηi )(1 + ζζ i ), i = 9,11,17,19
4
1
Ni(e) = (1 − η 2 )(1 + ξξ i )(1 + ζζ i ), i = 10,12,18, 20
4
1
Ni(e) = (1 − ζ 2 )(1 + ξξi )(1 + ηηi ), i = 13,14,15,16
4
⎡ ∂x ∂y ∂z ⎤
⎢ ∂ξ ∂ξ ∂ξ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ∂x ∂y ∂z ⎥ How do you
JN = ⎢
Jacobian ⎢ ∂η ∂η ∂η ⎥ compute J?
⎥
⎢ ∂x ∂y ∂z ⎥
⎢⎣ ∂ζ ∂ζ ∂ζ ⎥⎦
J =⎢ i
N
i i ⎥=
Jacobian
⎢ ∂η ∂η ∂η ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ∂ ∑ xi Ni ∂ ∑ yi Nie ∂ ∑ zi Nie ⎥
e
⎢ i i i ⎥
⎢ ∂ζ ∂ζ ∂ζ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ ∂Nie ∂Nie ∂Nie ⎤
⎢ ∑ xi ∑ yi ∑ zi ⎥ Gauss integration using a tensor product of
⎢i ∂ξ i ∂ξ i ∂ξ ⎥
⎢ ∂Nie ∂Nie ∂Nie ⎥
1D integration rules will finally give:
= ⎢ ∑ xi ∑ yi ∑ zi ⎥
∂η ∂η ∂η ⎥
( )
⎢i i i N N N
K = ∑ ∑ ∑ WiW jWk B e D e B e | J |
e Gauss Gauss Gauss T
⎢ e⎥
⎢ ∑ xi ∂ N e
i ∂Nie ∂Ni ⎥ i =1 j =1 k =1 (ξ ,η ,ζ )
∑ yi ∑ zi i j k
⎢⎣ i ∂ζ i ∂ζ i ∂ζ ⎥⎦
∂ζ i ai ∂ζ i bi ∂ζ i ci
• From the above expression, note that: = , = , =
∂x 6V ∂y 6V ∂z 6V
∂ ∂ ∂ζ 1 ∂ ∂ζ 2 ∂ ∂ζ 3 ∂ ∂ζ 4
= + + + =
∂x ∂ζ 1 ∂x ∂ζ 2 ∂x ∂ζ 3 ∂x ∂ζ 4 ∂x
∂ a1 ∂ a2 ∂ a3 ∂ a4
= + + + , etc.
∂ζ 1 6V ∂ζ 2 6V ∂ζ 3 6V ∂ζ 4 6V
⎡ u x1 ⎤
⎢u ⎥
⎢ y1 ⎥
⎢ u z1 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ux2 ⎥
⎢ ... ⎥
⎡ u x ⎤ ⎡ζ 1 0 0 ζ 2 0 0 ζ 3 0 0 ζ 4 0 0 ⎤⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎢ ⎥
0 ⎥⎢
..
⎢u y ⎥ = ⎢ 0 ζ 1 0 0 ζ 2 0 0 ζ 3 0 0 ζ 4 ⎥ ⎥
⎢ u ⎥ ⎢⎣ 0 0 ζ 1 0 0 ζ 2 0 0 ζ 3 0 0 ζ 4 ⎥⎦ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ z⎦ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ux4 ⎥
⎢u ⎥
⎢ y4 ⎥
⎢⎣ u z 4 ⎥⎦
In compact format :
N1(e) = ζ 1 (2ζ 1 − 1), N 2(e) = ζ 2 (2ζ 2 − 1)
N3(e) = ζ 3 (2ζ 3 − 1), N 4(e) = ζ 4 (2ζ 4 − 1)
N5(e) = 4ζ 1ζ 2 , N 6(e) = 4ζ 2ζ 3
N 7(e) = 4ζ 3ζ 1 , N8(e) = 4ζ 1ζ 4
N9(e) = 4ζ 2ζ 4 , N10
(e)
= 4ζ 3ζ 4
⎡ 1 1 1 1 ⎤
⎢ ∂N ∂N i ∂Ni ∂Ni ⎥
⎢ ∑ xi i ∑ xi ∑ xi ∑ xi ⎥
⎢ i ∂ζ 1 i ∂ζ 2 i ∂ζ 3 i ∂ζ 4⎥
J = det ⎢ ∂N i ⎥
1
∂N ∂Ni ∂Ni
6 ⎢ ∑ yi i ∑ yi ∑ yi ∑ yi ⎥
⎢ i ∂ζ 1 i ∂ζ 2 i ∂ζ 3 i ∂ζ 4 ⎥
⎢ ∂N ∂Ni ∂Ni ∂Ni ⎥
⎢ ∑ zi i ∑ zi ∑ zi ∑ zi ⎥
⎢⎣ i ∂ζ 1 i ∂ζ 2 i ∂ζ 3 i ∂ζ 4 ⎥⎦
5+3 5 5− 5
α= ,β = , with weights W = 1 / 4.
20 20
i =1 1 2 3 4 i
• We test these crimes with the patch test. An element patch is the set of
all elements attached to a patch node (here denoted as i).
– Force Patch Test: applies boundary forces to patch and verifies that
the patch response reproduces exactly constant stress states.
– There are also mixed patch tests that incorporate both force and
displacement BCs.
MAE 4700 – FE Analysis for Mechanical & Aerospace Design
N. Zabaras (11/05/2009)
26
Displacement Patch Test: translation in x-direction
G
σ 2eΩ j =1
Known
e
i
G
σ 2eΩ j =1
Known
e
i
e e