HIKMAH MODULE

SCIENCE SPM
MODULE 11
PAPER 1
1. Diagram 1 shows an experiment to produce ethanol.

Diagram 1
What is the process involved?
A.
B.
C.
D.

Oxidation
Distillation
Fermentation
Vulcanization

2. Diagram 2 shows the equation represents a reaction.

Glucose

yeast

X +

Diagram 2
Which of the match is correct?
Process
A.
B.
C.
D.

Esterification
Fermentation
Respiration
Photosynthesis

X
Ester
Alcohol
Water
Oxygen

110

Carbon dioxide

HIKMAH MODULE

3. Diagram 3 shows an experiment to produce soap in a laboratory.

Diagram 3
What is solution Q?
A. Water
B. Ethyl ethanoate
C. Hydrochloric acid
Sodium hydroxide

4.

Diagram 4 shows a process.

Diagram 4
What is process X?
A.
B.
C.
D.

Oxidation
Polymerisation
Neutralisation
Depolymerisation

111

HIKMAH MODULE

5. Diagram 5 shows the structure of a polymer before and after process X.

Diagram 5
What is process X?
A.
B.
C.
D.

Oxidation
Coagulation
Vulcanisation
Neutralisation

6. Which of the following is a natural polymer?

A.
B.
C.
D.

Nylon
Protein
Glucose
Amino acid

7. Diagram 6 shows a molecule of a substance.

Diagram 6
What is the substance?
A.
B.
C.
D.

Fat
Soap
Latex
Ester

112

HIKMAH MODULE

8. Why does ammonia solution can prevent latex from coagulating?

A.
B.
C.
D.

Ammonia separates rubber molecule from one another.

Ammonia harden the membrane that covering rubber molecules.
Positive ions in ammonia solution neutralize negative ions in latex.
Negative ions in ammonia solution neutralize positive ions in latex
that produced by the action of bacteria.

9. Diagram 7 shows the changes in structure of a rubber sheet when stretched and
then released.

Diagram 7
Which of the characteristics explain the situation?
A.
B.
C.
D.

Soft
Hard
Sticky
Elastic

113

HIKMAH MODULE

10. Diagram 8 shows the structure of a plastic.

Diagram 8
Which of the following is probably the type of plastic?
A.
B.
C.
D.

Epoxy
Bakelit
Perspex
Melamine

114

HIKMAH MODULE

PAPER 2
SECTION A + B
1

Diagram 1 shows an experiment to study the amount of carbon dioxide released

in the fermentation process.

DIAGRAM 1
Table 1 shows the result of the experiment
Time taken/ day
Volume of gas /cm3

(a)

(i)

0
0

1
10
Table 1

2
20

3
25

5
30

Using data in table 1 above, draw the graph of volume of gas

against time taken.

Volume of gas /cm3

30

25
20
15

10
5

115

Time taken /Day

HIKMAH MODULE

(ii)

Base on the graph, state the volume of carbon dioxide released

on the fourth day?

..
(b)

What is the relationship between the volume of carbon dioxide gas?

released and time taken?
.

(b)

Predict the volume of carbon dioxide gas released on the sixth day?

2. Diagram 1.1 and 1.2 show an experiment to produce ethanol through fermentation
process.

Diagram 1.1

Diagram 1.2
a) Based on Diagram 1.2, what is your observation on the lime water after a few
hours?

116

HIKMAH MODULE

b) State hypothesis that can be made from this experiment.

c) State the variables in this experiment.

(i)
Fixed
variable:
(ii)

Manipulated variable:..

d) Mark ( / ) the substances that contain alcohol.

Milk

Wine

Perfume

3. Figure shows a section through the oil palm fruit.

P
Q
R

a) Name the parts labeled P and Q.

P:
Q:

117

HIKMAH MODULE

b) Which part produces more palm oil?

..
c) What type of oil is contained in the oil palm?
..
d) State one advantage of using palm oil.
.

4.
Type of rubber
Natural rubber
Vulcanised rubber

Initial length
5.0
5.0

Length (cm)
Length with weight
Final length without weight
8.0
6.0
7.0
5.0

a. State a hypothesis for this experiment.

b. State the:
Manipulated variable:
Responding variable :..
Diagram 1 shows how latex is turned into vulcanized rubber.

Latex

+P

Coagulated latex

+Q

Vulcanised rubber

Diagram 1
a) Name the substance:
(i) P:
(ii) Q:

b) State one difference between natural rubber and vulcanized rubber.

....

118

HIKMAH MODULE

c) Draw the molecular structure of the vulcanized rubber.

Heated with Q

Natural rubber

Vulcanised rubber

SECTION C
1.a) Malaysia exports raw rubber sheets and rubber latex Rubber latex is tapped and
collected from plantation throughout the country.
Suggest and explain:
i)
how rubber sheets are produced
ii)
rubber latex is prevented from coagulating
[4 marks]
b) The main use of natural rubber is to manufacture car tyres. However, it is found that
natural rubber is soft and not resistant to heat which is sticky when heated. Hence, it is
not suitable for making car tyres.
Explain how the quality of natural rubber can be improved so that it can be used to
make car tyres. Your answer should include the following:
Identifying the problem
Clarification of the problem
Suggest method to solve the problem
Explain how the method can solve the problem
[6 marks]

119

HIKMAH MODULE

MODULE 11 - ANSWERS
PAPER 1
1. C

2. B

3. D

4. D

5. C

6. B

7. C

8. D

9. D

10. C

PAPER 2
SECTION A + B

1.(a)(i)

(a)
(b)
(b)

(ii)
28 + 0.5 (cm3)
The longer the time taken, the higher the volume of carbon dioxide gas
released
32(cm3)

2.
a) The lime water turns cloudy
b) Ethanol is produced by the action of sugar solution and yeast// Ethanol is
produced through fermentation process// carbon dioxide is produced from
fermentation process
c) (i) Fixed variable: Volume of sugar solution// Quantity of sugar solution
(ii)Manipulated variable : Presence of yeast// Type of solution
d) Able to tick on Wine and perfume

120

HIKMAH MODULE

3. a) P: mesocarp
Q: kernel
b) mesocarp // P
c) Unsaturated fat
d) Contain vitamin A // E // no cholesterol
4. a) (i) ethanoic acid
(ii) sulphur
b) Vulcanized rubber is : more elastic than natural rubber//
harder//
stronger//
more resistant to heat
c)

SECTION C
1.a) (i) Add ethanoic acid into the latex
- Hydrogen ions in acid neutralize negative charge on protein membrane, causes
the rubber particles to collide, protein membrane break and rubber molecules released
and combined.
(ii) Add ammonia solution into the latex
- Negatively charges hydroxyl ion in ammonia neutralize the hydrogen ion in latex
produced by action of bacteria.
b) * Problem:
- not suitable for making tyres
* Clarification of the problem:
- Natural rubber is soft and not resistant to heat.
* Method to solve the problem:
- through the process of vulcanization
* Explanation:
- natural rubber is heated with sulphur.
- The sulphur atoms will form cross-linkage between the rubber molecules.
- This make vulcanized rubber harder and more resistant to heat.

121