Pengendalian Bising

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TUGAS KETIGA PENGENDALIAN BISING DI INDUSTRI

1. Suatu titik dikelilingi oleh tiga pompa yang berspesifikasi sama. Hasil
pengukuran Tingkat tekanan bunyi pada titik tersebut, bila ketiga pompa
hidup, adalah sebesar 86,76 dB (pembulatan angka dibelakang koma).
Diinginkan tingkat kebisingan dititik tersebut sebesar 85 dB (pembulatan
keatas atau kebawah angka dibelakang koma), oleh karena itu salah satu
pompa harus diganti. Berapa besar dB yang harus dihasilka oleh pompa
pengganti bila diukur secara sendirian (kedua pompa lainnya mati) pada
titik tersebut ?.
2. An induced draft fan has 16 blades and is rated at 1400 hp at 1200 rpm.
The fan delivers 10000 m3/s at a static pressure of 150 cm.H 2O. Calculate
Bf , estimate the sound power level generated about this frequency, and
where the fan must be located in order to the sound pressure level at the
locate is 85 dB.
3. Jarak antara sumber dan penghalang adalah 20 m. Bila sebelum ada
penghalang tingkat tekanan bunyi di titik penerima adalah 65 dB, pada
frekuensi 1000 Hz, rencanakan penghalang agar tingkat kebisingan
berkurang menjadi 60 dB bila dihitung dengan menggunakan metode
Maekawa. Kecepatan rambat bunyi diudara 340 m/det.

a
S

4. Diberikan suatu contoh mengenai pita frekuensi sebagai berikut, dan dari
paparan yang diberikan tersebut berilah ulasan, sesuai dengan pemikiran
saudara.
An octave band is a frequency band where the highest frequency is twice
the lowest frequency.
For example, an octave filter with a centre frequency of 1kHz has a lower
frequency of 707Hz and an upper frequency of 1.414kHz. Any frequencies
below and above these limits are rejected. A third octave has a width of
1/3 of that of an octave band.
The figures below show a noise level split into both octave and third
octaves:

Noise level measured with 1:1 Octave Band Filters


An example of Octave Band Analysis

Noise level measured with 1:3 Octave Band Filters


One example of where frequency analysis is very useful is in the
comparison of the noise generated by a turbine and a compressor.
When the noise is measured using a sound level meter, the overall noise
level is 113dB(A).
By using 1:1 octave band filters, we can break the noise from each
machine into its component parts and it is very clear that the turbine is
producing much more low frequency noise than the compressor.
This has implication when hearing protection is being specified. Different
hearing protection will be needed for each machine as the PPE chosen for
the compressor may not be suitable for the turbine.
This also applies when considering noise reduction enclosure or sound
reduction materials.

The table below shows the noise levels for both the compressor (A) and
the turbine (B). The first column shows the dB(A) values followed by the
octave band figures. These octave band figures are those shown in the
graph above.

The attenuation provided by a standard noise reducing enclosure is


shown in row (C). The final two rows show the noise levels for the
compressor and turbine after the attenuation provided by the enclosure
has been added.
The overall dB(A) noise level produced by the turbine is reduced by
13dB(A), whilst the compressor noise is reduced by 27dB(A).
The additional information provided by the frequency analysis gives an
understanding of why the compressor noise is reduced by 14dB(A) more
than the turbine noise.
A simple dB(A) measurement may not have shown this.
5. Faktor keterarahan Q didefinisikan sebagai :

I
I

r r1

dan indeks keterarahan : DI = 10 log Q

dB

dengan I adalah intensitas bunyi pada arah sudut sebesar dan


rata-rata untuk seluruh arah.

adalah intensitas bunyi

Hasil pengukuran sumber bunyi, untuk mengetahui pola keterarahan


adalah sebagai berikut (sumbu sumber pada arah 0 0 ) :
Arah sudut,

12 15 18
0
0
0
TTB, dB
90 87 86 85 84 83 82
Keterangan : Arah 00 adalah arah timur, arah 900 adalah arah utara
0

30

60

90

Hitung faktor dan indeks keterarahan pada setiap arah. Dalam rangka
untuk pengendalian kebisingan, pada arah mana seorang pekerja harus
berada (berlokasi) ?.

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