Chi Square Test

Testing Several Proportions

Goodness-of-Fit Test
Test of Independence

Chi square test Statistics formula

where

e i=

( colunm total ) ( row total )

grand total

Rejection region
Reject H0 if

Testing Several Proportions

H 0 : p1 =p 2== pk
H 1 :not all the proportions are equa l

df = k -1, where k is the number of populations

EX 1 In a shop study, a set of data was collected to determine whether or not
the proportion of
defectives produced by workers was the same for the day, evening, or night
shift worked. The
following data were collected:

Use a 0.025 level of significance to determine if the proportion of defectives is

the same for all
three shifts.

Goodness-of-Fit Test.
Ho: The data follows the specified distribution.
H1: The data does not follow the specified distribution.
df=k-1, where k is the number of cells

Ex2 Consider the experiment of tossing a six-sided die. We wish to test if the
die is
balanced (that is, that the distribution of our data is uniform). We then toss the
coin
120 times and obtain the following data:

Test if the die is balanced using a 0.05 level of significance.

Test for Independence

Ho: Variable A and Variable B are independent.

H1: Variable A and Variable B are not independent.
df = (r-1)(c-1), where r is the number of rows and c is the number of columns
Ex3 Suppose we wish to test if the presence or absence of hypertension is
independent of ones
smoking habits. We obtain the following datafrom a sample of 180 individuals:

Test if the presence or absence of hypertension is independent of a persons

smoking habits using a 0.05 level of significance.
Exercises:
1. The grade in a statistics course for a particular semester were as follows:
Grade
Frequency

A
14

B
18

C
32

D
20

E
16

Test the hypothesis, at the 0.05 level of significance, that the distribution
of grades is uniform.
2. Three distributors of nuts all advertise that their cans contain up to 60%
peanuts. If a can containing 500 mixed nuts is selected at random from
each of the three distributors and there are, respectively, 345, 313 and
359 peanuts in each of the cans, can we conclude at the 0.01 level of
significance that the mixed nuts of the three distributors contain equal
proportions of peanuts?
3. A random sample of 400 college students are classified according to
class status and drinking habits.
Freshman
Heavy drinkers
Moderate
drinkers
Non drinkers

Junior

Senior

29
32

Sophomor
e
41
29

33
36

28
39

55

34

27

17