MDAPV 18 151dpi PDF

100-
. .

18
2014
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE

IVAN KRYPIAKEVYCH INSTITUTE OF UKRAINIAN STUDIES
MATERIALS AND STUDIES

ON ARCHEOLOGY OF SUBCARPATHIAN AND VOLHYNIAN AREA
VOLUME 18
Lviv 2014
904 (477.8) (082)

4 (4, 3) 43
-34
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ISSN 2223-1218
904 (477.8) (082)

4 (4, 3) 43
-34
Materials and studies on archeology of Sub-Carpathian and Volhynian area. Volume 18. Lviv:
Ivan Krypiakevych Institute of Ukrainian Studies of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
2014. 441 p.
The collection contains articles and publications of materials of researches of new archaeological sites
of the West of Ukraine, explorations in research problems of cultural and historical aspects,
investigations of questions of history of archeology.
EDITORIAL STAFF:
professor Olexandr Sytnyk (chief editor), professor, corresponding member of the National
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Volodymyr Baran, professor Mykola Lytvyn, professor
Volodymyr Alexandrovych, professor Leontij Vojtovych, professor Jan Machnik, professor
Sylwester Czopek, professor Leonid Matskevyj, Dr. Vira Hupalo, Volodymyr Petehyrych,
Dr. Natalia Bulyk (managing editor)
REVIEWERS:
professor Mykhajlo Kuchynko
professor Igor Voznyj
Recommended for publication by the Scientific
council of Ivan Krypiakevych Institute of Ukrainian Studies
Protocol 9 from 20 of November 2014
Computer modeling:
Natalia Bulyk,
Ruslan Koropetskyi, Olena Tomeniuk
Translation into English:
Ruslan Koropetskyi and authors
Texts of publications are given at authors editing.
Ivan Krypiakevych Institute of Ukrainian Studies of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and
authors of articles
Cover illustration
Part of exposition of Archaeological museum of IUS NAS of Ukraine with materials of Roman period
from sites of the west of Ukraine
Fortitle illustration
Trypillian amulet from Koshylivtsi in Ternopil region which was discovered by Yu. Zakharuk in 1953
on place of Karol Hadaczeks excavation
ISSN 2223-1218

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AAC Acta rcheologica Carpatica. Krakw
AP Archeologia Polski
AP Archeologia Polski rodkowowschodniej
AR Archeologick Rozhledy
ERAUL tudes et recherches archologiques de l'universit de Lige
FAP Fontes archaeologici Poznanienses. Pozna
FQ Folia quartenaria. Krakw
JWP Journal of the world prehistory
KHKM Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej
MA Materiay Archeologiczne
MAAE Materiay Antropologiczno-Archeologizne i Etnograficzne. Krakw
MS Materiay Staroytne
MSROA Materiay i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Orodka Archeologicznego. Rzeszw
MW Materiay Wczesnoredniowieczne
MZKHD Mitteilungen der Zentral-Kommission fr Erforschung und Unterhaltung der Kunst-und historischen
Denkmle. Wien
PA Pamtky Archeologick. Praha
PAK Panstwowyj Archiwum w Krakowie
PMA Pastwowe Muzeum Archeologiczne w Warszawie
Prz. A Przegld Archeologiczny. Lww, PoznaWrocaw
PE Prhistoire Europenne. Paris
SA Slovensk Archeolgia. Bratislava
Spr.A Sprawozdania Archeologiczne. Krakw
WA Wiadomoci Archeologiczne. Warszawa
ZOW Z tchani Wiekw. PoznaWarszawa
ZWAK Zbir Wiadomoci do Antropologii Krajowej. Krakw
. ...
, .
( 100- ) ..........
11
15
. .
, . :

Petr krdla, Pavel Nikolajev. Preliminary comparison of Kulychivka (lower layer)
and the Moravian Bohunician....
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1242 . .
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2- XIV . (
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78
87
97
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136
150
164

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172
212
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245
262
274
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286
291

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1930- . ......
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322
330
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369
387
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407
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417
419
423
428
432
ONTENT
Larysa Krushelnytska. Instead of prelude ......

Olexandr Sytnyk, Oxana Adamyshyn. Yuriy Zakharuks archaeological activity
in the west of Ukraine (to 100-anniversary from birthday) ...
11
15
PROBLEMS. HYPOTHESES. SUMMARIES

Olexandr Sytnyk, Ruslan Koropetskyi. Late Paleolithic site Kulychivka:
cultural layer II ...................................................................................................................
, .
.....
Andriy Bogucki, Olexandr Sytnyk, Maria anczont, Stanisaw Fedorowicz,
Karol Standzikowski, Olena Tomeniuk. Key section Bugliv V and its significance
to the studying of eponymous Palaeolithic site .........
Jana Yakovyshyna. Trypillian ornaments: some aspects of historiography
and research methods .........
Maria Vojtovych. Sites of middle stage of Corded Ware culture
on the territory of Ukrainian Sub-Carpathian region .....
Viktor Voynarovsky. Weaving among the populace of South-Eastern Europe
in the 1st millennium A.D. artifacts and degree of specialization ......
Vitaliy Liaska. Either Domamyry or Domazhyry: Returning to the discussion
about annalistic cave from 1242
Marat Klimau. Some archaeological evidence of climate changes in the northern part
of Belarus in the 2nd half of XIIIXIV centuries
(according to the research of Luchna-1 site) ......................................................................
33
78
87
97
110
136
150
164
FIELD RESEARCHES
Olexandr Sytnyk, Andriy Bogucki, Maria anczont, Teresa Madeyska,
Ruslan Koropetskyi, Olena Tomeniuk. Vanzhuliv I key Paleolithic site
of Volhyn-Podillia ..................
Roman Choban, Oleksandr Sytnyk. New Epigravetic sites
on the left bank of Cheremosh River .....
Tetiana Slobodyan. Burial grounds of Early Roman period
in Zvenyhorod (investigations in 2013) .....
Mykola Bandrivs'kyi, Larysa Krushel'nyts'ka, Mykhailo Bilyk. Newly discovered
hoards from Bazyyivka in the context of definition of ethno-cultural belonging
of hoards of Nedilysko type in Upper Dnister region ....
Artem Hoshchitskyy. The new rock engraving
from Skolivs'ki Beskydy mountains ..........................................................................
Volodymyr Zakharjev. New burials of Podolian group
of Globular Amphora culture .........................................................................................
172
212
230
245
262
274
MUSEUM COLLECTIONS. PARTICULAR FINDS

Andriy Hawins'kyi. Sites of Funnelbeaker culture in Romosh, Lviv region:
researches carried out in 1957.....
Vira Hupalo. Religious medallions from burials in former Bernardynian
catholic church in Dubno, Volhynia...............
286
291
FROM THE HISTORY OF ARCHAEOLOGY

Vira Hupalo. Problem of localization of annalistic Zvenyhorod
at historiography of XIXXX century....
Marian Kolos. History of researches of Late Paleolithic sites of Sub-Carpathian
and Podillia regions: from the 70-th of XIX century till World War II..
Natalia Bulyk. Life and activity of Bogdan Janusz at the context
of intellectual environment of Halychyna region...
Anna Yanenko. Defence of promotion thesis Toward origin of exchange
in primitive society in Ukraine by Kyrylo Korshak within the context
of methodological debates in the first half of the 1930s.............
Kateryna Yukhimchuk. Igor Sveshnikovs contribution to the
Globular Amphora culture researches........
Volodymyr Petegyrych. Vitold Aulikh and his contribution into the studying
of archeology of Volhynia of Slavonic and Medieval periods ......
Oxana Adamyshyn. Scientific contacts of researchers of the Department of archaeology
Institute of social sciences of AS of USSR
with scientists from countries of Western and Central Europe in 19501960-th ..
322
330
342
369
387
400
407
CRITICAL REVIEWS. CHRONICLES

Vitaliy Otroschenko. . -

. , 2014. 573 . .
Mykola Ilkiv. .
. (
). , 2014. 438 . ....
Roman Berest. .
( ). , 2014. 532 . ..
Roman Berest. To the history of Velykyi Skyt in Maniava ...
Vasyl' Oprysk. Meetings with Denys Kozak (memories of famous
Ukrainian archeologist) .................................................
417
419
423
428
432
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Encyklopdisches Handbuch zur Ur-und Frhgeschichte Europas. 2 (L-Z). Prag. 1758 s.
Gurba J., Zakocielna A.
1998
Jurij M. Zacharuk (19141997) // Archeologia Polski rodkowowschodniej. T. III. S. 315317.
31
., .
Olexandr SYTNYK,
Oxana ADAMYSHYN
YURIY ZAKHARUKS ARCHAEOLOGICAL ACTIVITY IN THE WEST OF UKRAINE
(to 100-anniversary from birthday)
The contribution to the formation of scientific knowledge and archaeological study of the
Carpathian and Volyn monuments of Ukrainian archaeologist of the post-war period of Yu. Zakharuk
during the period of his work in the Institute of Social Sciences in Lviv are considered. A whole
creative scientific activity of Y. Zakharuk can be divided into three periods: Kyiv, Lviv and
Moskow. Most attention is paid to archaeological researches, carried out by him during residence in
Lviv that became an important archaeological center. Exactly in 1960-th Y. Zakharuk shifts his
attention from field researches to studying of theoretical issues of archaeology.
32
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Podilian Upland and Male Polissia
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Fig. 2. Topographic position of Koulychivka in Kremenets'

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, , (, )
(2 ). ,
- ,
(. 8).
, .
, (
) . . -
, , , (. 7).
. 4. . 19681988 .
Fig. 4. Place of V. Savychs excavation at Koulychivka in 19681988
( 11, 14 16 2007, 2010 2012 )

, -,
,
[ ., 2007; , , 2010; 2012].
.
1968 . , 235 2
( 308 ). , :
( ) (
;
1979 ., ).
.
(. 7, ):
00,48 (
);
36
., . ...
0,481,10 - (
);
1,102,19
(
);
2,19 [, 1969, . 23].
.
( , ).
1968 . 13 575 . (
5 727; 7 848). :
,

. .
.

.
.

[, 1969, . 215].
1969 .
1968 .,
35816 ( 366 2).
, . . ,

1969 . [, 1970, . 2].

()
. ()
(187 2).
13 223 . (6 886
; 6 337 ).
64 . (50
; 14 ).

[, 1970, . 5.
( ):
. 324].
1 ( ,
1970 . ); 2 ( );
- 3 ; 4 IV
1969 . Fig. 5. Intensity of localization of cultural layer on the area of
( 140 2). excavation (darker areas larger concentrations of materials):
(6 781), 1 cultural layer I (white squares remains of dwelling, circles
(- hearths); 2 cultural layer II (the marks are same); 3 cultural
layer III; 4 cultural layer IV
37
., . ...
) ,
( )
. , 1970 . (
). 307 . 3 247 . [, 1971,
. 329].
1971 .
, 1970 . ( 210 2).
31 561 . .
(1922 ),
, [, 1972, . 25]. ,
, - . ;
. 6. ( . , 1995, . 23);
. IV
1980 . , 1998 2004, 2010
Fig. 6. A plan of cultural layer II (by: . , 1995, . 23); general plan of all excavations of
Koulychivka with marking of seasons of researches and cultural horizons. Part of excavated area IV researched
after 1980 marked by grey color; survey pits from 1998, 2004 and 2010 by black one
38
., . ...
,
[, 1972, . 35].
. 7. . IV,
;
. () () ;
( )
Fig. 7. Stratigraphic conditions of deposition of cultural remains. eastern wall of excavated area IV, where
deposition of all four Paleolithic cultural layers was recorded; general plan of V. Savychs excavations with
marking of dwellings (squares) and hearths (circles) in cultural layer II; eastern wall of excavated area I
(level of deposition of lower cultural layer II)
1972 . 259 2 (377 ),

- .
. , , 7 818 . ( )
16 354 ( ) [, 1973, . 140].
39
., . ...
. 8. IV, 1982 .;
IV;
Fig. 8. plan of situation of remains of cultural layer II in excavated area IV, 1982; profile of eastern
wall of excavated area IV; profile of southern wall

- :
, ;
(. );
( , , )
[, 1973, . 2324]. 1972 . .
- , ,
.
[, 1973, . 140].
1974 .
1973 . ( . 150 2). . , ,
. ,
, 1015 1974 .
. , 1974 .
[, 1974, . 3].
( 608 .), (
50 1 2) - [, 1974, . 3].
, (200 2), .
1974 . [, 1974, . 1].
1975 . 1974 .,

.
(200 2) ,
(100 2) [, 1976, . 23].
40
., . ...
( 35 ). . ,
[, 1976,
. 2]. (133 ,
, ). ( -14)
( ) [, 1976, . 216].
1976 . 1976 .
, 1975 . ( 100 2)
( 200 2) [, 1976, . 3].
.
. 9. IV, 1982 . . ,

Fig. 9. Level of cultural layer II in excavated area IV, 1982. View from the north. It can be seen, that upper part
of cultural layer corresponds to lower part of loess horizon
. ,
. . ,
.
1 024 .
. [, 1976, . 416].
. ,
. .
, , 8 622
745 . [, 1976, . 1646]. .
, (, )
[, 1976, . 20].
1977 . - ( 200 2).
,
(100 2). , , 5 862
( ) 4 370 . ( ) [, 1978, . 263].
.
( 300 . 100 . )
[, 1978, . 518]. 1977 . :
[, 1978, . 543].
41
., . ...
1978 . 1978 .
1977 . ( 100 2) ( 150 2). , .
, [, 1979, . 34].
, 1978 ., 17 579 . (
) 3 783 . (
).
[, 1979, . 349].
. 10. IV, 1982 .

Fig. 10. Level of cultural layer II of excavated area IV, 1982. Fragment of concentration of artifacts
1980 . 1979 . ( ). ,
( );
. 9 781 .
. 12 2
[, 1981, . 432].
1982 . V, 1981 . 210 2
(. 8).
5 517 . , ( 90 2)
, 84 [, 1983, . 533].
1985 . IV ( 100 2) [, 1983,
. 2226]. (
).
11 441 ; 5 994 .
[, 1983, . 2526].
1987 . . ,
1988 ., 1987 . ( ) ,
1986 . ( 140 2).
42
., . ...
. . IV
.
- ,
(, 1976 .) ,
, -, , ,
- . 1979 ., .
. , (,
. ), ,
, ,
[, , 2001, . 232].
. 11. I, 1972 . , , . ,

Fig. 11. Lower part of cultural layer II in excavated area I, 1972. Limestone pieces, which were the base of
dwellings stones according to V. Savych
1,932,19 .

; .
( 5,77,5 ,
45 ), .
(. 5, 6, ).

, .
, ( ), V ( VII), ,
[, 1995, . 25].
,
0,85 2,5 ,
43
., . ...
, ,
, . ,
, 4,59 (. 6, ).

250 . .
. 14,7 %
.
(2 % ) , ;
, , ,
; , .

(3,4 %).
, . , ,
. .
(16 %), ;
.
. IV ( 8, 7), V ( 10, 9),
, ( ).
. 12. 1998 . . .

Fig. 12. Survey pit from 1989 on the southern end of V. Savychs , excavation. Cultural layer II is under three-meter thick horizon
25 . .
of sterile deposits
[ ., 2012]
1972 . [, 1975, . 16, . 1],
, -
(
) 0,551,25 , -
(
) 1,252,15 [, 1975, . 16, . 1] (. 7, ).
44
., . ...
,

1,25 , 1,25
.
,
, (,
, ) ,
. . . .

40 ,
. . . , ,
[,
, 1975, . 57].
,
, .

,
.
,

1 , -
- . - .
- - . 13. 2010 .
-
, . - Fig. 13. Survey pit from 2010 with clear localization of three
main cultural layer of Koulychivka
. [, , 1975, . 57].
,
( ), .
.
1979 .,
, (
1984 . V, V
). ,
,
1979 . .
45
., . ...
, 1979 . ,
,
: -
- (4 ),
, , . , (
3 ) -
, , (
. 2 ), (2 ).
. 14. IV, 1982 .

. 19811984 .
Fig. 14. Levels of deposition of cultural layers in excavated area IV, 1982. Depth from the two meter-long
zones corresponds to V. Savychs field reports from 19811984
, 3
, .
, , ,
.
,
, .
30 . . ,
. ,
,
. . .
,

.
46
., . ...

- ,
. . , ( )
[, 1975, . 4243]. ,
, ,
, .
. . , ,
, (. 11).

. 15. . IV, 1982 .

, Fig. 15. Koulychivka. Cultural layer II. Excavated area IV, ,
1982. Scheme of knapping of cores with one striking platform
()
, 1.
. ,
( ),
. , ,
.
(. 10), , .
, -
,
- ( ,
).
IV 1982 .
( . 1983 .)
, . (- )
(- ). ,
( . , ). ,
,
1
196070- ,
, .
. . , ,
.
47
., . ...
- 1968 ., 1,82,2
(. 9).
210 2
( ) (. 10). ,
1525 , , ,
, 50 80 .
3,183,10 ; 2 110 :
18 (0,8 %), 73 (4,5 %), 3 , 26 ,
161 ( 8,8 %), 1 732 97 (4,5 %).
, , ,
.
(1 015 .) 2,52,0
, . .
.
( )
( ).
- .
,
.

(5 517 .) ( . ):
6 , 78 , 194
, 31 , 19 , 109 , 552 ,
4 424 ,
, 20 ,
17 267
[, 1983, . 12].

, ,

.
7 : (21/26,9 %),
(19/24,3 %),
(11/14,1 %),
(11/14,1 %),
(9/11,5 %),
(4/5,1 %)
(3 . /3,7 %).
. 16. . IV, 1982 .

, Fig. 16. Koulychivka. Cultural layer II. Excavated area IV,
1982. Scheme of knapping of cores with two striking
. , platforms

,
( , ),
( ).
48
., . ...
, ( )
. , , .
, (3,3 %
71,2 % ) ,
, , ?
, ,

. ,
.
(25,6 %). , .

,
24,3 %.
.

[, 1983, . 13].
, ,
. , . 17. . IV, 1982 .
.
Fig. 17. Koulychivka. Cultural layer II. Excavated area IV,
1982. Scheme of knapping of multi-platform cores

(54 %). , 25 %
, 16,5 % .
,

, (
, ).
, (4,5 %). :
(125), (32), (27), (19),
(16), (18), (12),
(8), (4), (4), (3),
, 7 . ,
,
. ,
? ?
, 155 . (
), 80 % .
25 ., 10 %. (32 .) , (27 .),
23 %.
49
., . ...
, , ,
.
, .
:
(14),
(7)
(5).
,
(51,8 %)
(
).
, , . . 18. . IV,
1982 .
.
1982. Core
25,9 %
; ,
.
,
1073 ,
.

.
, .
(21 .), (2), (4)
(5 .). ,
61,7 %;
.
(14,9 %) , ,

42
47 .
(1,1 %)
. 19. . ;
IV, 1982 .
, .
Fig. 19. Koulychivka. Cultural layer II.
.
Excavated area IV, 1982. Core

45215 , .
?
, 1979 .
, , :
.
1177877
887717 , , [, 1983, . 33].
50
., . ...
, , ,
, , . ,
,
( ).
, ()
.
. 20. . IV, 1982 .

Fig. 20. Koulychivka. Cultural layer II. Excavated area IV, 1982. Cores
51
., . ...
IV 1982 . (
)
,
. ,
, , ()
, , .
:
9 ., 12, 69, 118, 417,
2695, - 780, 110 . : 4 210 . ,
. 1982 . (5 517 .),
1982 . . . .
9 .,
2 .
,
( 15108 ). (24 )
,
.
194 .
12 .
( ), , .
.
161210 . . 21. . IV, 1982 .
( ),

1982. Core
.
118 . , ,
.
69 . 151210 ,
865 . ,
(20 .),
(14 .), (3 .), (29 .),
(3 .).
,
, .
,
. ,
.
(. 1517).
20 .
- (2 .), ;
(5 .), ( ) 4 .;
(6 .), 1 .,
2 . :
7 ., 4 . 9 .
52
., . ...
. 22. . IV, 1982 .


( ).
(4 .) .
,
. (. 19),
.
, .
,
, .
.
53
., . ...
. 23. . IV 1982 .
Fig. 23. Koulychivka. Cultural layer II. Excavated area IV. 1982. Cores
- ( ), , . (. 23, 1)
, ,
, , . .
,
.
-
(. 18). -
54
., . ...
()
( ) . . () ,
, ,
( 12,59,46,4 ).
- ( )
4,55,34,1 .
,
.
(5 .)
.

. 24. . IV, 1982 .
.
Fig. 24. Koulychivka. Cultural layer II. Excavated area IV, 1982. , Cores
,
.

(1 .), (2) - (6 .).
(. 21).
4 1,01,2 . (13,512,54,0 )
,
.
(2 .)
(. 23, 5).
.
5,84,31,7 .
(6 .)
.
;
(. 23, 2), .
14 . (8 .)

. ,
. ,
(964 ). .
,
(. 20, 1; 25, 4).
. (. 25, 4)
, ,
55
., . ...
() . 7,76,23,0 (
), 8,210,04,5 .
,
.
.
. 25. . IV, 1982 .

. , 3
.
, . ,
864 .
.
56
., . ...
. 26. . IV, 1982 . (: . , 1983)

Fig. 26. Koulychivka. Cultural layer II. Excavated area IV, 1982. Tools (by: . , 1983)
.

. -
(. 20, 2), , .
1143 .

, (. 20, 3).
.
. 13,08,52,7 .
3 . -
,
. . 754 .
57
., . ...
. 27. . IV, 1982 .

Fig. 27. Koulychivka. Cultural layer II. Excavated area IV, 1982. Tools
29 .
, ,
. (3 .),
(4), ,
( ) (12), (8)
(2 .).
58
., . ...
. 28. . IV 1982 .
Fig. 28. Koulychivka. Cultural layer II. Excavated area IV. 1982. Tools
- (3 .)
(. 22, 1).
.
(). 763 .
- (3 .)
,
. . 25, 1,
.
- ,
, 12 . (. 25, 2, 3; 24, 13).
59
., . ...
(. 24, 1). 23 ,
.
,
,
. ? ,
.
.
8 . -
.
,
( ).
,
(. 22, 2). 973 . ,
,
, .
V
,
, . -
, (853 ).
, , ,
. ,
.
,
.
, , :
- - -.
, ( ).
.. ,
, ( ),
- .
, ,
.
. ,
? ,
? ,
. ,
,
,
, .
, ,
, .
( ) .
,
.
110 .
: 7 ., 14,
19, 3, 16, 53 .
, ,
( ).
60
., . ...
. 29. . IV, 1982 .

7 . ( ). V
V .
7 , ,
(. 26, 16).

, ()
.
, (. 26, 1, 4, 5).
61
., . ...
. 30. . IV, 1982 .

,
.
()
.
,
,
- .
, ,
, , .
62
., . ...

.
(
) (4 .) (3 .).
1012230,71,2 .
, ,
,
( , 1979 .,
).
(. 26, 1, 2),
.
14 . ,
. (2 .),
(3),
(3), (1),
(2), (2)
(1 .). 2 .
IV. ( ) ,
( ) (. 27, 1).
.
, ,
. 6,74,82,2 . (
)
[, 1999]. , , ( )
.
(. 27, 2), (
). , ,
.
( 6,26,02,6 ), , , ,
. ,
-,
. , ( 10
) .
IV [, , 2010, . 46,
. 21, 1; . 48, . 24, 1] [, , 2012, . 395, . 21, 2; . 296,
. 22, 2].
(. 27, 3).

- ( ?).
7,26,11,9 . ,
, .

.
. , ,
( )
.
.
63
., . ...
. 31. . IV, 1982 .


, ,
.
(. 27, 4) -
() ( ) (. 27, 6).
, .
-. , ,
64
., . ...
. .
( )
.
. 27, 5. 8,24,41,4 .

, , ,
(13,56,51,8 ).
-.
, , ,
.
, ,
( )
.

( ) ,
, ,
(. 27, 7). ,
.
, .
11,54,01,3 . ( )
.
19 . .

(7 ., ) (12 .).
10 , 8, 1 .
.
(. 28, 1, 2).
(. 28, 1), ,
. ( )
,
. , ,
- . .
,
(
) [, , 2012, . 395, . 21, 2; . 296, . 22, 2].
12,53,00,8 . , .

, ,
. , ,
-
, , , .
10,23,71,0 ; . 9 1,70 .

(. 28, 4),
(, ). 45.

. ,
-,
.
65
., . ...

(. 28, 7), 7,33,81,7 .
, ,
, (. 28, 5).
, , .
,
(. 29, 8).

(. 28, 3), (. 29, 7)
(. 28, 6). ,
8,22,61,0 .

.
8,33,00,8 (. 29, 2);
(. 29, 6), 3,56,81,2 . .
( )
, .
,
(. 29, 4,5).
, (. 29, 1),
, (. 29, 3).
, -, ,
,
, .
,
.

.
.

V.
3 . ,
, ,
.
(. 29, 10),
- .
.
16 .
V. (11 .,
), (3) (1 .).
.
(7 .), (1 ., ) (. 30, 2, 3, 5).
-
(. 30, 4), (
) (. 30, 9; 31, 1). ,
(. 31, 1).

(. 30, 1)
(. 30, 6,7). . 30, 7 ,
; , , .
66
., . ...
. 32. . IV, 1982 .

.
(. 30, 8).
- .
V .
53 .
(10 .);
(14)
67
., . ...
(29 .). ,
, .
,
.
,
(. 31).
. 33. , 2010 . -
Fig. 33. Survey pit, 2010. Localization of cultural layers and TL-dates
68
., . ...
-
(. 31, 3,6); , , ,
(. 31, 2).
,
(. 31, 4,5,7). . ,
. 1 .,
4 ., 10 % .
( 35 %) .
(. 31, 6),
. .. ,
, (. 32).
,
, , 80 %
. , .

. , ,
. ,
. ,
,
.
, ,
. ,
,
. 1982 . (, ,
1 . ).

.
.
,
.
,

(2 . , ). ,

, . , ,
.

;
. ,
( )
. , ,
, .
:
,
. .
( -,
), , .
, , . , -

.
69
., . ...
[ ., 2012]
.
- (, ),
- . 1.
1
(, 01-2010)

TL 1
TL 2
TL 3
TL 4
TL 5
Lub4917
4918
4919
4920
4921
/ TL
(ka)
16 2
28 4
38 5
34 4
66 9
, -,
( 1) 162 . . . ,
( 2) 284 . . ,
( 3) 385 . . . ( 4)
2,252,35 344 . .
( 5) 669 . . .
(. 3335).
.
.
, . , , ,
01-2010, , ,
2012 . . .
() .
2

L-
, 2012
. (ka)
Lub-4918
284
Lub-4920
344
14
-
, 2010
.
Poz-38145
29700500 BP
31742 BC
31157 BC
14
-
, 2012
.
Poz-51395
30980280 BP
33962 BC
33111 BC
Poz-51432
33000400 BP
36 261 BC
35 132 BC
14
-
.
(1987, 1995)
25 . .
31 . .
( . ).
, 2,302,40
01-2010 ( ) 29700500 BP (Poz-38145)
( 23). . ,
. . .
,
1983 . ( ) ( , , ).
70
., . ...

( ) ( ). ,
, .
:
, (1982) 30980280 BP.
, (1983) 33000400 BP.
. 34. , 2010 . , -
Fig. 34. Survey pit, 2010. Stratigraphy, cultural layers and TL-dates
, ,
L- 344 . . ,
29700500 BP (Poz-38145) 33000400 BP (Poz-51432). (. 35).
L- 284 . .
30980280 BP (Poz-51395) (. 34, 35) . 25 . . ,
, ,
.
.
71
., . ...
, , , , . ,
- - (. 7),
. . ,
1112 . . . , , .
.
,
, TL-
162 . . (Lub-4917).
. 35. , 2010 . , -: ,
; -
Fig. 35. Survey pit, 2010. Stratigraphy, cultural layers and TL-dates: I sketch, II places of samplings,
III TL-dates
72
., . ...
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
, .
IV
,
.
IV , , (
).

,
() .
,
-
( ), . 1979 .,
( !)
.

,
, . ,

.
, -
( ),
. ,
( )
,
.
.
, ,

, ,
. ,
,
, .
, -
,

, ,
(,
,
10).
. , ,

1020 32 .
,
. ,
, .

, ,
.
, - ,
73
., . ...
7.
.
,
, .
, IV
()
,
,
-
(0,51,5 ). . IV
,
- ,
( IV ). . ,
1 ;
2004 2010 ,
, [
., 2007], ,
(, ,
-).
,
. , ,
,
,
( . . ).
.
-, :
, 1968 1979 ., -
( ); ,
19791988 .
, 1984 . .
.
. . (1975), . 1975 .,
.
-, ( 3 . 2)

: -, - - [ ., 2012].
, ,
.
-, (), ()
(). -
,
. ,
(, IV ).
,
( .
).
,
( . , ).
74
., . ...
1979 ., ,
IV 19811984 ,
.
()
( 1 ), .
( )
, -. ,
, , ,
.
, , , ,
IV . ,
,
,
. IV IV [, , 2010, 2012],
3,5 3,0 ;
2 . ,
IV . 1982 . , .
,
, .
, ,
.
..
1991
.
. . 40 .
.., ..
2001
// .
-. . . . 28. . 225238.
.., ..
1975

( ) // . . 44. . 5268.
., .
1999
:
// Stratum plus. . , ,
. . 3153.
2001
:
// Vita antiqua. . 34. . 78107.
..
2004
().
// . . . 7. . 339375.
2005
. (19681989) // . . . 8.
. 237264.
2006
// .
. . 9. . 179192.
..
1999
// Vita Antiqua. . 2. . 817.
75
., . ...
. .
1969

1968 . . . 23.
1970
1969 . . . 2.
1971
1970 . . . 329.
1972
1971 . . . 25.
1973
1972 . . . 140.
1974
1974 . . . 3.
1975
. (
) // . . 44. . 4151.
1975
- . . 136 .
1976
1975 . . . 23.
1976
-
1976 . . . 3.
1978
-
1977 . . . 263.
1979
-
1978 . . . 34.
1981
-
1980 . . . 432.
1983
-
1982 . . . 533.
1987
// , (
). . . 4365.
1995
. // .
. . 6. . 2231.
.
1998
// :
: - ,
2023 1998 . . . 192196.
., ., ., ., -., ., .
2007
// . . . 11. . 180215.
., ., ., ., ., .
2012
// . . . 16. . 76103.
., .
2010
: IV // . . . 14.
. 1746.
2012
: // . . . 16. . 361430.
Geneste G-M., Meignen L., Plisson H., Koulakovskaya L., Sytnik O.
1999
Lindustrie lithique des niveaux inferieurs de Koulytchivka (Kremieniec) Ukraine //
- - .
: ,
100- . .
. 153154.
Meignen L., Geneste J.M., Koulakovskaia L., Sytnik O.
2004
Koulichivka and its place in the Middle-Upper Paleolithic transition in Eastern Europe // The Early
Upper Paleolithic beyond Western Europe. University of California Press P. 5063.
Stepanchuk V., Cohen V.
1999
Late Middle and Early Upper Paleolithic Evidence from the East European Plain and Caucasus:
A New Look at Variability, Interactions And Transitions // Journal of World Prehistory.
Vol. 13. 3. . 265317.
76
., . ...
20012002 The Kremenecian, a middle to upper Paleolithic transitional industry in the Western Ukraine
(Preliminary results of typological and technological reevaluation of the Kulychivka layer III
industry) // Prehistoire Europeene. Vol. 1617. . 75110.
Olexandr SYTNYK,
Ruslan KOROPETSKYI
LATE PALEOLITHIC SITE KULYCHIVKA: CULTURAL LAYER II
This article continues series of scientific works dedicated to Paleolithic cultural layers of
Koulychivka site. Layer II, which is under discussion now, unlike horizons III and IV, was discovered
during the first season of field research of Koulychivka and its materials are presented almost on the
whole excavated territory of the site. From the other side, it demonstrates lack of expressive technical
features and actually is a typical Late Paleolithic prismatic industry. General attention at the article is
paid to analysis of collection of stone artifacts. Also the issue of interpretation of dwelling
constructions from layer II is briefly discussed. The authors propose sub-division of territory of the
side, which is based on stratigraphic and taphonomic peculiarities of different areas, caused firstly by
diluvium-solifluctional processes. Such division allows us to concentrate researches at the most
perspective part of Koulychivka for obtaining reliable data.
77
krdla P., Nikolajev P. Preliminary comparison of Kulychivka...

.
2014. . 18. . 7886.
Petr KRDLA,
Pavel NIKOLAJEV
PRELIMINARY COMPARISON OF KULYCHIVKA (LOWER LAYER)
AND THE MORAVIAN BOHUNICIAN
1. Introduction
The transitional period between the Middle Paleolithic and the Upper Paleolithic is characterized
by a specific technocomplex spreading from Levant to Eastern Central Europe and Asia.
Technologically, this technocomplex is characterized by evolved Levallois technology combined with
core frontal crest preparation and serial production of pointed flakes (elongated Levallois points) and
blades with a faceted striking platform. Typologically speaking, the Upper Paleolithic tool types are
combined with Middle Paleolithic tool types. This technocomplex is described by different names
reflecting its chronological position between the Middle and the Upper Paleolithic or its geographic
position Initial Upper Paleolithic [e.g. Kuhn et al., 1999], Early Upper Paleolithic [e.g. Marks,
1993], MP/UP transitional period [e.g. Mellars, 1989] or Emiro-Bohunician [e.g. Svoboda, 2004]. This
technocomplex is extremely important for the study of AMH dispersal into Eurasia from the Levant
[e.g. Richter et al., 2008; Brandmller et al., 2012; Hoffecker, 2009; Hublin, 2012].
In Eurasia, the transitional period between the Middle and the Upper Paleolithic (dating to ca.
5040 kya), the lithic industries are similar to those known from the Near East (Boker Tachtit, Ksar
Akil, cagizli Cave), the Balkan Peninsula (Temnata Cave), Western Ukraine (Kulychivka) and even
further to the east (Kara Bom at Altai or Shuidonggou in western China). In contrast to the Levant, this
technocomplex is intrusive with no local predecessor in Eastern Central Europe.
The first author of this paper has documented striking similarities in technologies used at the
Levantine site Boker Tachtit and the Moravian site Strnsk skla based on a detailed technological
analysis of refitted sequences [krdla, 2003].
In 2012, both authors briefly visited the Ivan Krypiakevych Institute of Ukrainian Studies at
Lviv where the Kulychivka material from V. Savych's excavation is currently deposited. Our aim was
to examine this collection to see if we could identify characteristic features as defined for the
Bohunician technology [cf. krdla, Rychtakov, 2012]. The result of this brief study is presented in
this article.
There were numerous expeditions to Kulichivka since its discovery in 1937. The most important
field work at this site was a series of excavations conducted by V. Savich from 1968 to 1989. These
excavations covered an area of more than 3000 m2 and resulted in a collection of ca. 600 thousand
artifacts from four layers [ ., 2007]. Savych's excavation was later followed by two test
pits (focused on clarifying the stratigraphy and obtaining new dates) under the supervision of
O. Sytnik in 1998 and 2004 [ ., 2007, Fig. 3].
In this article we would like to present a step by step technological comparison using the chane
opratoire approach combined with a comparison of settlement geography.
2. Comparison of the geographic settings of Moravian Bohunician sites and Kulychivka
While Moravia (and the Brno Basin in particular) is characterized by a dense cluster of
Bohunician sites, only isolated occurrences are known within the neighboring territories (Bohemia,
Slovakia, Poland). Two site clusters (Strnsk skla and Bohunice) and three isolated sites (Tvaron,
Le/Podol I, and Oechov IV) have been excavated in Moravia. A dozen surface sites have also
been documented. The Bohunician sites in the Brno Basin are distributed along the boundary
separating highlands (Bobrava and Drahany Uplands) from Svratka River valley. The sites are located
on elevated strategic positions above river valleys at altitudes ranging between 270330 m asl (relative
altitude ranges between 70130 m above the river; krdla, 2002). The elevated position allows good
78
control of both highlands and the river valley. The central point of Bohunician occupation is the
Strnsk skla limestone cliff (the outcrop of Strnsk Skla-type Jurassic chert).
Fig. 1. Map with the location of discussed sites: 1 Brno Basin and the surrounding region (Bohunice site
cluster, Strnsk Skla site cluster, Le/Podol I, Tvaron X, Oechov IV); 2 Hradsko; 3 Nin
Hrabovec (SK); 4 Kulychivka (UA)
. 1. : 1 . ( ,
C, / , , IV); 2 ; 3
(); 4 ()
The site of Kulychivka is located on a slope of a strategic elevation (Kulychivka Hill) above the
Ikva river, on the outskirts of the town Kremenets', Ternopil district. The site lies on the northern
headland of PodilskaVysotchyna (Podilie Highland) represented by Kremenetski Gory (Kremenets
Mountains) on its boundary with Male Polissia Lowland. The site reaches an elevation between
270280 m asl. and its relative altitude is ca. 3540 m above the Ikva River [Sytnik et al., 2007, p. 181].
It is situated near the summit of Kulychivka Hill which reaches an elevation of more than 350 m.
3. Comparison of Strnsk Skla and Kulychivka chane opratoire
The similarity between the Moravian Bohunician (Strnsk Skla and Bohunice) and
Kulychivka assemblages were noted many times [e.g. Demidenko, Usik, 1993; Svoboda, krdla, 1995;
Svoboda, 2001; Meignen et al., 2004; Sitlivy, Ziba, 2006; , , 2010].
Fourteen cores were completely reconstructed from artifacts excavated at Strnsk skla III, IIIa
& IIIc, as well as a series of shorter sequences. In general, the Moravian Bohunician technology, as
reconstructed on the basis of refitted cores from Strnsk skla, is characterized by serial production of
elongated Levallois points (mean value for Strnsk Skla length/wide ratio is 1.82 with a standard
deviation of 0.62) with a bidirectional dorsal scar pattern and precisely faceted striking platforms. In
this concept the blades were reduced in order to shape the core frontal face to an elongated triangle
shape. Although the material from Kulychivka has not been refitted yet, contrary to previous
comparison of refitted cores from Strnsk Skla and Boker Tachtit, the posibility of comparison
79
between Moravian Bohunician and Kulychivka is limited. However, our preliminary analysis with an
aim of finding specific features of Moravian Bohunician technology in the Kulychivka assemblage,
allowed a preliminary comparison of the assemblages.
3.1. Raw material procurement
Strnsk Skla is an isolated cliff of Jurassic limestone containing chert nodules. The Strnsk
Skla-type chert was available in both nodules and prismatic blocks extracted from a weathered
limestone surface, collected within slope debris or exploited from Miocene sediments. The average
dimension of nodules (sometimes blocks)
is ca. 1020 cm (occasionally up to 30 cm
in length). Strnsk Skla chert varies in
quality and the exceptionally high quality
known in Polish flint nodules is rare.
Strnsk Skla chert played an important
role during the Early Upper Paleolithic in
the Brno Basin and the surrounding region.
Its occurence in assemblages decreases
proportionately with increasing distance
from its source.
At Kulychivka, the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) flint nodules were available from chalk deposits that are soft and
nodules were easy to extract. However, the
nodules were also available in secondary
(colluvial and alluvial) deposits.
3.2. Preparation stage
A distinguishing feature of refitted
cores from Strnsk Skla is frontal crest
preparation indicated by the presence of
crested blades. Crested blades (often secondary crests) were documented in the Kulychivka assemblage. The refitted Strnsk
Skla cores also indicate preparation of two
opposed platforms. Although the preparation of two opposed platforms was not
Fig. 2. Theoretical scheme of Bohunician technology
detected in the (non-refitted) Kulychivka
. 2.
assemblage, a bidirectional dorsal scar
pattern occurs frequently on blanks and opposed platform core residuals indicating that bidirectional
reduction for this preparation of two opposed platforms was necessary. An important find is a single
burnt pre-core with a prepared frontal crest and two opposed platforms.
3.3. Production stage
The refitted cores from Strnsk Skla [krdla, 2003; krdla, Rychtakov, 2012] show that the
result of the preparation phase was a core with a frontal crest and one or two prepared reduction
platforms. The core reduction began with crest blade removal followed by a series of blade removals,
often reduced from both opposed platforms. The aim of these removals, called dbordant blades, was
the attainment of an elongated triangular shape of the frontal face of the core. The striking platforms of
these blades were faceted, allowing better control of the strike. In that time, the core often had two
prepared platforms and its frontal face was ready for Levallois point production. The prevailing dorsal
scar pattern was bidirectional or opposed directional [krdla, 2003, tab. 7,1]. Before the Levallois
point removal, the striking platform was carefully prepared (faceted) to reach a slightly prolonged
convex shape (not in the style of chapeau de gendarme, however) to allow accurate targeting of the
strike. Now, the first Levallois point, or in many cases, a series of two Levallois points, was produced
80
(from the same platform). The striking platform was often reshaped before each point removal. The
outcome was a wide frontal face of the core, not pointed, and the loss of its distal convexity the
necessary shape for subsequent production of a Levallois point. Therefore, it was necessary to narrow
the wide frontal face of the core with several blade removals to prepare it for the production of another
Levallois point. This process, defined by these two steps 1) shaping and narrowing, and
2) production of Levallois points, continued until the raw material was exhausted.
As the Kulychivka assemblage is not refitted, we were able to only describe the cores and
morphology of the blanks. The Kulychivka Levallois points are both short and elongated (length more
than 2x greater than width). Bidirectional dorsal scar pattern is common, unidirectional dorsal scar
pattern is rare and centripetal dorsal scar pattern was not observed et all. Striking platforms on
Levallois points are faceted, often just coarsely. The faceting created a protruding convex form of the
proximal end. The Levallois points are supplemented by blades, with faceted striking platforms
infrequent.
3.4. Core abandonment
The refitted cores from Strnsk Skla [krdla, 2003] show that in the final stage of working the
core, the striking platforms for all removals were further prepared, and the frontal face was intensively
shaped (narrowed) by a series of blade and flake removals from both opposed platforms. The core
residual was thus significantly modified during that stage and its final shape does not reflect the
technology used in the production phase.
Although the cores within the Kulychivka assemblage are often irregular in
shape, many of them indicate bidirectional
reduction and faceting of striking platforms. Although the negatives of Levallois
points on core frontal surfaces cannot be
unambiguously identified, this is due to
the subsequent removal of flakes, potentially obliterating the negatives in
question.
3.5. Formal tool production
The different Bohunician collections
contain up to 4 % of tools (cf. Svoboda,
1987; krdla et al., 2013). The Bohunician
typological spectrum represents a mixture
of Middle and Upper Palaeolithic tooltypes. Among the Middle Palaeolithic
tool-types, side scrapers of different forms
occur frequently followed by different
types of points, notched and denticulated
artifacts. Points include unretouched Levallois, convergently retouched (Mousterian), leaf points, rare Jerzmanowice-type
points and Quinson-type points. The
Fig. 3. Position of Bohunician technology between the Middle
Upper Palaeolithic tool kit is represented and Upper Paleolithic technologies
mainly by end scrapers and rare burins.
. 3.
The proportion of tools in Kuly-
chivka reaches 3.4 % of the total number
of artifacts [, , 2010, p. 24]. Middle Palaeolithic tool types include side scrapers
of different forms, Levallois points, retouched flakes and notches. The Upper Palaeolithic tool kit is
represented by end scrapers, retouched blades, and burins.
81
3.6. Chronology
Series of 14C, OSL and TL dates are available for the Moravian Bohunician. The radiocarbon
dates (calibrated using CalPal, Weninger et al., 2007) have a relatively wide spread (between 4048 ky
cal BPHULU). The spread in OSL age estimates is even larger [cf. Richter et al., 2009; Nejman et al.,
2011]. The TL weighted mean value of 48.21.9 kya [Richter et al., 2008] was obtained directly from
heated stone artifacts and relates most directly to the human occupation, unlike the results of other
dating methods. The results obtained by different methods document the presence of the Bohunician
since GIS-12. The results of dating indicate that Bohunician lasted for either one or even three
subsequent GIS periods.
Fig. 4. A view of Strnsk Skla (left) and Kulychivka (right, photo by O. Sytnik) raw material outcrops
. 4. () (,
. )
Although no absolute dates are available for the Kulychivka lower layer (4), there are two new
C dates (29700280 14C BP, Poz-38145, and 33000400 14C BP, Poz-51432) and
a TL date (344 BPTL, Lub-4920) from sediment in the overlying layer (3) [Sytnik et al., 2012]. While
the TL date and one radiocarbon date after calibration (34020270 cal BPHULU) overlap with GIS-6,
the second radiocarbon date (37300820 cal BPHULU) falls into GIS-8. If the later date is accepted as
the oldest date for layer 3, then layer 4 stratigraphically below layer 3 must be older and will
overlap with the large probability distribution of the Moravian Bohunician dating results.
4. Discussion
Although the Moravian Bohunician sites and Kulychivka are distant to each other, one can look
for similarities both in their geographic position (on highland margins above river valleys) and
settlement strategies (strategically located elevations allowing control of a large area, on a raw
material outcrop).
The step by step comparison of chane opratoire beginning from raw material procurement
through preparation and production phases until abandonment of the exhausted core allowed detailed
comparison of the technological process. Procurement of raw material in the Moravian Bohunician
was characterized by the utilization of Strnsk Skla-type chert. The Strnsk Skla site complex is
located directly at the outcrop and other key-sites (Le/Podol I, Bohunice, Tvaron X, Oechov IV)
are no further than 15 km from it. The distribution of Strnsk Skla-type chert was documented up to
ca. 35 km from the source, however, the percentage of this chert decreases proportionately with
increasing distance from the outcrop. In an analogous fashion, the Kulychivka site is located directly
at the important local raw material outcrop and this high-quality Turonian flint was also exported
away from the outcrop. We can conclude that raw material procurement is the same. The next three
steps on the operational chain are not easy to recognize in detail because a refitting study of
Kulychivka cores has not been completed. However, we can look for particular artifacts indicating
similarities in the technological process. The preparation of crested cores with two opposed platforms
14
82
is indicated by the presence of crested blades and opposed directional cores. Similarly, the production
phase focused on production of elongated Levallois points with faceted striking platforms and
bidirectional dorsal scars is demonstrated by a number of Levallois points meeting those criteria.
Fig. 6. Relief map on the location of sites Stranska Skala (above) and Kulychivka (below)
. 6. () ()
83
The fact that blades occur frequently, including typical dbordant blades, demonstrates that
narrowing of core frontal faces for Levallois point production. The core morphologies were changed
in their final phase of reduction and core residuals do not accurately reflect the method used during
their production phase [(cf. krdla, 2003]. We can conclude that we have documented a high degree of
technological similarity in all the steps of the technological chain between the Moravian Bohunician
sites and Kulychivka.
The typological spectra at both sites are typified by a mixture of Middle and Upper Paleolithic
tool types. The typological spectrum of the Kulychivka assemblage falls within the range of Moravian
Bohunician collections that are not homogeneous (e.g. presence of bifacial reduction in Bohunice).
Comparing the Moravian Bohunician sites and Kulychivka chronologically is not easy due to
lack of dating at the Kulychivka site. Some authors [e.g. Svoboda, 2001; Meignen et al., 2004] have
suggested that Kulychivka is younger than the Moravian Bohunician. However, recently obtained
radiocarbon dates from layer 3 and TL date from sediment of the same layer indicate the earlier age
for underlying layer 4 earlier than GIS-8, is similar to the dates for the Moravian Bohunician.
5. Conclusion
The distance between Brno Basin and Kremenets measured in a straight line is ca. 670 km. It is
probably unreasonable to surmise that direct contacts took place between the two sites. However, as
noted by many authors before us, and based on our own conclusions, both sites shared a similar
behavioral package [cf. Tostevin, 2000, 2012] including similarities in settlement strategies and lithic
chane opratoire.
Based on our preliminary investigation we can conclude that a high degree of similarity exists
between the Brno Basin Bohunician and Kulychivka lower layer assemblages. However, further
research needs to be completed to verify these results technological studies (including refitting and
attribute analysis) and dating are needed to clarify the chronological position of Kulychivka.
Acknowledgments
We would like to express our gratitude to Olexandr Sytnik for permitting access to Kulychivka
material, Ruslan Koropetskyi for organizing our visit in L'viv and a visit to the Kulychivka site, and
to Ladislav Nejman and Ruslan Koropets'kyi for fruitful discussions concerning the theme of this
paper. The early Upper Palaeolithic project, in the frame of which we visited L'viv, was supported by
ASCR grant No. IAA800010801.
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V?
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94
., . . V
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[, 2000], 2012, 2013 ,
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., ., ., .
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// . . . 16. . 5564.
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. ., . ., . ., . .
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Stratygrafia lessw Naddniestrza Halickiego // Lessy i paleolit Naddniestrza halickiego (Ukraina) /
Studia geologica Polonica / [Pod red. T. Madeyskiej]. Krakw, 2002. Vol. 119. Cz. III.
S. 315327.
Boguckyj A., anczont M., cka B., Madeyska T., Sytnyk O.
2009
Age and the palaeoenvironment of the West Ukrainian Palaeolithic: the case of Velykyi
Glybochok multi-cultural site // Journal Archaeological Sciences. 36. . 13761389.
anczont M., Madeyska T., Bogucki A., Sytnyk O., Kusiak J., Frankowski Z., Komar M., Nawrocki J., ogaa B.
2014
Stratigraphic position and natural environment of the oldest Middle Palaeolithic in central Podolia,
Ukraine: New data from the Velykyi Glybochok site // Quaternary International.
Vol. 326327. S. 191212.
Sytnyk O., Bogucki A., anczont M., Madeyska T.
2010
The Dniesterian Mousterian from the Velykyi Glybochok site related to palaeoenvironmental
changes // Quaternary International. Vol. 220. P. 3146.
Andriy BOGUCKI, Olexandr SYTNYK,

Maria ANCZONT, Stanisaw FEDOROWICZ,
Karol STANDZIKOWSKI, Olena TOMENIUK
KEY SECTION BUGLIV V AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE TO THE STUDYING
OF EPONYMOUS PALAEOLITHIC SITE
Paleolithic site Bugliv V is one of the oldest sites of the Ternopil Paleolithic region. There were
identified two cultural layers (I, II) of Early and Late stages of Middle Paleolithic accordingly. Both of
cultural layers occur in unstratificated sections that is why questions of its dating are controversial.
Especially it concerns cultural layer II. We sure that solutions of these questions are in additional
natural researches including absolute dating of deposits. In 2012, 2013 studying of Bugliv site was
95
., . . V
renewed for this purpose. In particular number of pits was made in left side of gully, which outlined
the headland from the south, which were settled by Paleolithic peoples. As a result of researches a
detailed dismemberment of deposits was carried; absolute age of rocks was set; development of
diluvial-solifluctional processes in the region was analyzed etc. All of this allows us to draw
conclusions.
First cultural layer of Bugliv V related to Korshiv fossil soil complex. This conclusion was
made first of all on the base of analyzes of archeological materials, which is correlated with cultural
layer III of multilayered Paleolithic site Velykyi Glybochok I, which related to Korshiv fossil soil
complex too. Several artifacts found at one of the pits in the right side of the gully, in the upper part of
one of Korshiv soil of Bugliv V site confirm this thesis. Unfortunately Korshiv soil complex presented
just by one fossil soil which identify difficult. So we can confidently assert that cultural layer I indeed
connected with Korshiv complex but remains a question with which one of its soils.
Concerning to the determination and justification of age of cultural layer II of Paleolithic site
Bugliv V, which connected with Gorokhiv fossil soil complex, in the result of researches during 2012,
2013 we are inclined to the conclusion that it is premature to do. In excavation III where cultural
layer II was disclosed any traces of Gorokhiv complex not found. It is also difficult to explain why in
this excavation artifacts of cultural layer I, which is associated with chronological elder Korshiv fossil
soil complex, deposited over the cultural layer II.
Further investigations of the Paleolithic site Bugliv V should be directed to the determination of
stratigraphic position of cultural layer I (definition, with which of Korshiv soils it is connected), and
justification or disproof of discrimination of cultural layer II. These researches also can help to define
the borders of Middle Paleolithic.
96
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2014. . 18. . 97109.

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Danube in Prehistory. Oxford.
Dumitrescu H.
1959
Spturile de la Traian-Dealul Fntnilor // MCA. VI. P. 157179.
Nestor I.
1937
Ceramique peinte de ancien a ipeni // Dacia. Bucarest. VVII. P. 121133.
Gernes M.
1896
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Kozowski L.
1930
Budowle kultury ceramiki malowanej w swietle badan przeprowadzonych w Koszylowcach,
Niezwiskach, Buczaczu. Lwow. 64 s.
Passek T. S.
1935
La ceramique tripolienne // . . 122. 165 .
Schmidt H.
1932
Cucuteni in der oberen Moldau, Rumanien. BerlinLeipzig.
108
. ...
Jana YAKOVYSHYNA
TRYPILLIAN ORNAMENTS:
SOME ASPECTS OF HISTORIOGRAPHY AND RESEARCH METHODS
Trypillian ornaments were examined from the appearance of the first finds in the end of
XIX century and till now. During this period there were many methodological approaches to its study.
Methods vary depending on what aspects are considered by researchers of the ornaments. For this
purpose, classification systems were created, where those features that are important for the issue,
which is being studied became the base. Formation of the two directions of researches of Trypillian
ornament can be distinguished. The first one concerns the semantic meaning of images and used in
attempts to reconstruct worldview and religious beliefs of culture bearers. The second includes a
variety of classification systems of ornamental schemes which aim to determine the issues of
chronology, distribution of the culture and even ethnicity of its bearers.
109
.

.
2014. . 18. . 110135.

, ,
.
, ( ,
7, 8; , 1, 2; , , 1, 2; ; , 4, 10,
14; , 1, 2, 6; , 1, 15; ; , ; ,
2, 12, 13; , 1, 2, 3 2, 4
1, 2, 5; , 40, 42; , 1, 2; , 8)
(. 1). .
. 1. .
.: 1 , -; 2 , -; 3 , -;
4,5 , -; 6 , -; 7 ,
-; 8 , -; 9 , -; 13 , -.
- .: 10 , -; 11 , -; 12
, -; 14 , -.
Fig. 1. Localization of burial monuments of the middle stage of Corded ware culture in North Sub-Carpathian,
L'viv region: 1 Rokytne, Javoriv district; 2 Stojantsi, Mostys'k district; 3 Koropuzh, Horodok district;
4, 5 Kul'chytsi, Sambir district; 6 Velyka Ozymyna, Sambir district; 7 Nyzhni Gai, Drogobych district;
8 Bolekhivtsi, Drohobych district; 9 Krasiv, Mykolaiv district; 13 Balychi, Mostys'k district, IvanoFrankivs'k region: 10 Kolokolyn, Rogatyn district; 11 Stratyn, Rogatyn district; 12 Komariv, Galych
district; 14 Viktoriv, Halych district
[ ., 2002, . 481505;
, 1974, . 29; 1990, . 54; Sulimirski, 1968, s. 136;] 310
450 ... [ ., 1996, . 1316; , , , 2011, . 9; Jarosz, 2011,
s. 17]. ,
. [, 1976, . 68; Sulimirski, 1968, p. 137].
110
. ,
(. 2), (. 34),
[, 1933, . 32].
. 2. . (: Sulimirski, 1968, lan 5:2)

Fig. 2. Krasiv. Plan of barrow burial complex (by: Sulimirski, 1968, lan 5:2)
,
, .
( 7, 8) , (,
. , , 2, 12, 13) [Machnik, 1979, s. 5657].
. 3. . (: Sulimirski, 1968, lan 4:1)

Fig. 3. Kolokolyn. Plan of barrow burial complex (by: Sulimirski, 1968, lan 4:1)
[Sulimirski, 1935, p. 22; 1959, s. 349],

[Janusz, 1918, s. 216; Sulimirski, 1968, p. 105119], [miszko, 1935, s. 155],
[Janusz, 1918, s. 220221] [Chizzola, 1903, s. 142]. ,
.
111
, , 0,5 1,2 ;
1620 , 1015 . , 20 . ,
( 26 ) [Sulimirski, 1968, p. 126]
10 , 40 [, 1977, . 15]. ,
,

, -. ,

(. 5; 8).
. 4. , . . 1 ; 2 ;
3 (: , , , 2011, . 21, . 2)
Fig. 4. Gai Nyzhni, Mogylky Place. Plan of barrow burial complex. 1 benchmark; 2 high-voltage line;
3 base of pillar of high-voltage line (by: , , , 2011, . 21, . 2)
,
, , ( (. 6),
8) [, , , 2011, . 62; , 1976, . 50; Sulimirski, 1968,
. 125126]. 6 .
, ,
,
112
(. 7) [Sulimirski, 1959, p. 349].

.
, ,
[, ,
, 2011, . 96; , , 2002, . 5556; , 1936, . 14; ,
1970, . 34; 1974, . 35; 1990, . 51; Sulimirski, 1968, p. 136]. -,
.
,
[, 2007, . 43; 2008, . 6],
( )
[, 2005, . 28]. ,
[, 1971, . 268, 272],
.
(, ) [, 1983, . 13].
. 5. . 2. ; ; b
; 1/2 ; d ;
; f ; g ; h ; ;
j ; k (: Sulimirski, 1968, lan 35:1)
Fig. 5. Rokytne. Plan of the burial in barrow 2. burial; flint burin; b flint arrowhead; 1/2 irregular
concentrations of sandstone; d ceramic amphorae; flint axe; f pendant, made of amber; g stone axe;
h deer tooth; flint knife; j flint flake; k small pebble-stones (by: Sulimirski, 1968, lan 35:1)
.
( 8), ,
[Sulimirski, 1968, p. 139; , 1974, . 36; , , 1989,
. 22].
113

(. 8) [Sulimirski, 1968, p. 129], 4

, ,
(. 9; 10) [, 1977, . 6]. ,
, 10 2 [,
1977, . 16; Sulimirski, 1968, p. 136].
,
( 12, 10, 7) [,
, , 2011, . 40; , 1970, . 4; 1977, . 1516; Machnik, Pawliw,
Petehyrycz, 2005, s. 20].
. 6. . . ; . 0,4 ;
; D ; ;
b ; ; f ; g ; h
, ; (: Sulimirski,
1968, lan 8:1)
Fig. 6. Koropuzh. Plan of barrow. part of mound, ruined by the trench; burial on the depth 0,4 m;
small char-coals; D remains of construction; fragments of ceramic decorated by cord imprints;
b burnt oak log; ceramic amphorae; f flint knife; g hearth; h bone disk and fragments of calcinated
animals' bones, antlers; concentration of burnt soil (by: Sulimirski, 1968, lan 8:1)
,
sacrum profanum.
[Kaczanowski, Kozowski, 1998, s. 132].

[Wodarczak, 2006, s. 5051; Kempisty, 1989, s. 270, 287; tabl. LXV:14; Liguziska-Kruk, 1989,
s. 115, ry. 2; Machnik, 1966, s. 72; 1979, s. 343].
114
, , [Bagiska,
1997, ryc. 2:B; Bagiska, Koman, 1991, ryc. 1; Bagiska, Machnik, 2003, ryc. 1:B; 2007, s. 62, ryc. 5;
Dzieduszycka-Machnikowa, 1960, s. 910, rys. 1; Gancarski, Machnikowie, 1986, s. 63, ryc. 8;
Koman, 1999, ryc. 1; 1999, ryc. 2; Machnik, 1961, s. 92, ryc. 2; 1962, taf. I; 1979 II, s. 343; Machnik,
Bagiska, Koman, 2009, ryc. 11:1; 32:1; 46:1; 66:1; 110:1; 19:1; 125:3].
[Machnik, 1992, abb. 2; 1994, ry. 3],
[, 1967, . 81; ,
2004, . 35, . 2].
. 7. . 6. ; b (?);
, d ; ; f ; g ; h
(: Sulimirski, 1968, lan 35:4)
Fig. 7. Rokytne. Plan of barrow 6. burial; b two flint axes and bone dagger (?); , d flint knives;
ceramic amphorae; f bones of left humans leg; g large stones; h small pieces of charcoal
(by: Sulimirski, 1968, lan 35:4)
,
, .
1, , ,
- [Bryk, 1936,
s. 117121, ryc. 2, 7, tabl. I, III]. ,
.

[, 1970, . 3].
115
[, 1974, . 36]. ,
.
.
8 ,
( ). ,
(. 11) [, , ,
2011, . 92, 94].
(, . , , . ) [Gancarski, Machnikowie, 1986, s. 62; Machnik,
Sosnowska, 1998, s. 69]. ,
, , [, , ,
2011, . 60]. 14
[, 1978, . 21].
, ,
,
.
, , .

, - .
,
[, , , 2011,
. 7884].
,

[Sulimirski, 1968, p. 129]. , ,
,
. .

, .
,
,

, ,
. 8. . . , f
; b, c ;
, d ; g
. -
, (: Sulimirski, 1968, lan 8:2)
Fig. 8. Stojantsi. Plan of barrow. , f flint knife and scrapper;
, - b, c fragments of ceramic ware; , d concentration of burnt
. stones; g burial with three small fragments of ceramic ware
on the bottom (b y: Sulimirski, 1968, lan 8:2)
, ,
116
, , ,
.
. , .
: [, 1974, . 37].
. 9. . (1) (2) 4. 1 ; 2 ; 3
; 4 ; 5 ; 6 ; 7 ; 8 (: , 1977, . IV:3,4)
Fig. 9. Bolekhivtsi. Plan (1) and profile of (2) barrow 4. 1 traces of wooden construction; 2 small pieces of
coal; 3 hearth; 4 ware; 5 humus; 6 mound; 7 clayish soil; 8 b edrock (b y: , 1977,
. IV:3,4)
- , .
, 16 31 ,
17 32 . ,
2 [Sulimirski, 1968, plate 5:8].
, . 2
4 .

, (. 12, 4) [ 22930],
(. 12, 3) [ 23177].

[Buchvaldek, 1961, ryc. 1]. (. , )
( 8) ,
[, 2004, . 150, . 8:7; Gosik, 1962, s. 131
132, tabl. II:1]. ,
[Hensel, 1988, ryc, 89; Machnik, 1979, ryc. 226:6; Sarnowska, 1975, ryc. 6:c].
117

[Machnik, 1963, s. 66, tabl. II:q].
- . ,

.
1 ( , ) [Kempisty, 1989, tabl. LV:1].
. 10. . (1), (2) 4. 1 ; 2 ; 3

; 4 ; 5 ; 6 ; 7 (: ,
1977, . :710)
Fig. 10. Bolekhivtsi. Plan (1), section of burial (2) in barrow 4. 1 stones; 2 fragments of ceramic ware;
3 traces of wooden construction; 4 ware; 5 clayish soil; 6 modern soil horizon; 7 bedrock
(by: , 1977, . :710)

, (. 12, 5) [, 1974, . 8:7].
6 (. 12, 2)
[ 40378].
1 ,
(. 12, 6).
[Sulimirski, 1968, . 141].
1 2
[hnik, Bagiska, Koman, 2009, rys. 28:5] 1 1 (.
, ) [Bagiska, 1997, s. 50, 4:i; Bagiska, hnik, 2007, s. 6970, foto 6].
. , 1 1
14 430545 , . .. [hnik,
Bagiska, Koman, 2009, ryc. 112, s. 222].
, , 1
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.
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6
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).
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4
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118
,
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. 11. . 8 0,7 . 1 ; 2
; 3 ( 4) 1 ; 4 13;
5 ; 6 ; 7
4; 8 1 ; 9 y (: ,
, , 2011, . 59, . 11)
Fig. 11. Gai Nyzhni. Plan o f burial mound 8 on the depth 0 ,7 m. 1 limit of area of spreading of the horizon;
2 limit of the base of the previo us mound; 3 contour of burial pit (object 4) on the depth of 1 m; 4 contours
of objects 13; 5 concentration of charcoal; 6 largest concentrations of fragments of ceramic ware;
7 ceramic ware in object 4; 8 pits fro m posts on the dep th of 1 m; 9 drawn sides of crests b y axis and y
(by: , , , 2011, . 59, . 11 )
4
( ) (,
19). ( )
[, 1977, . 7,
119
. :14; Buchvaldek, Kouteck, 1970, s. 69, tabl. 8:1; Wiklak, 1971, s. 3738, ry. 4; Machnik,
Pawliw, Petehyrycz, 2006, . 232, fig. 4:1].
. 12. . 1 , 2; 2 , 6; 3 , 4, 1;
4 , 2; 5 , 1; 6 , 1, 2 (: 1,36 ,
1974, . 36, 40, 41, . 5:1; 7:17; 8:3,5,7; 2 , 1971, . 305, . 84:16)
Fig. 12. Amphorae. 1 Kul'chytsi, barrow 2; 2 Rokytne, barrow ; 3 Kolokolyn, barrow 4, burial 1;
4 Krasiv, barrow 2; 5 Krasiv, barrow 1; 6 Kolokolyn, b arrow 1, burial 2 (by: 1, 36 , 1974,
. 36, 40, 41, . 5:1; 7:17; 8:3,5,7; 2 , 1971, . 305, . 84:16)

- [Machnik, Pilch,
1997, s. 147, ry. 3]. ,
120

[Manasterski, 2009, 244, 292, tabl. 41:5; 89:16].
. 13. . 1 , 12; 2 , 4; 3 ; 4 , 15
(: 1 , 1970, . 19, . :2; 2 , 1977, . 37, . :14; 3,4 , 1974,
. 3 6, 3 7, . 5:9; 6:14)
Fig. 13. Amphorae. 1 Kul'c hytsi, barrow 12; 2 Bolekhivtsi, barrow 4; 3 Koropuzh; 4 Balychi, barrow 15
(by: 1 , 1970, . 19, . :2; 2 , 1977, . 37, . :14; 3,4 , 1 974,
. 3 6, 3 7, . 5:9; 6:14)
,
[Luba-Radzimiski, 1879, s. 65,
tabl. 1:2], [, 1967, . 44:4; 50:3; , 1971,
. 86:1] [Hensel, 1988, ry. 89].
- ,
A.
.
121
12 15 (. 13, 1,4).
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. 14. . 1, 3, 5 , 1, 2; 2 ,
; 4 , 1; 6 , 8; 7 , 4 (: 15 , 1 974,
. 3 6, 40, 41, . 5:8; 7:2,6,9; 8:1; 6 , , , 2011, . 73, . 16; 7 ,
1977, . 37, . : 6)
Fig. 14. Ceramic ware. 1, 3, 5 Kolokolyn, barrow 1, burial 2; 2 Kul'chytsi, Vijtova Gora Place; 4 Krasiv,
barrow 1; 6 Gai Nyzhni barrow 8; 7 Bolekhivtsi, 4 (: 15 , 1974, . 36 , 40, 41,
. 5:8; 7:2, 6, 9; 8:1; 6 , , , 2011, . 73, . 16; 7 , 1977, . 37,
. : 6)
.
, ,
122
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. 39, . 7:6; Cynkaowski, 1961, s. 44; Kozowski, 1939, s. 40, tabl. XII:15; Machnik, 1960, s. 61,
rys. 1:2; Sulimirski, 1968, p. 127, plate 6:2]. -
2
( 2) ( 3) [Bargie, Florek, Libera, 2001,
s. 242, ryc. 9:1], . (2550-2450 BC) [Wodarczak, 2006, s. 126
127; tabl. XLIII:1; LIX:12]. ,
( 3) ,
, . ,

[cibior, cibior, 1990, s. 164, ryc. 6]. . ,
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, 24902470 [Machnik, Bagiska, Koman,
123
2009, s. 199, 230, ryc. 133:4; 137].

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2; 3 , 13. 1 ; 2 ; 3 . (: 1, 2 Sulimirski, 1968, fig. 19:19,21;
3 , 1970, . 20, . :1)
[Machnik, 1966, s. 26, tabl. XI:5;
Fig. 15. Individual artifacts. 1 Koropuzh; 2 Rokytne, barro w 2; XIII:1a; XVII:1b; XXV:3].
3 Kul'chytsi, barrow 13 . 1 b one; 2 amber; 3 ceramic
(by: 1, 2 Sulimirski, 1968, fig. 19:19,21; 3 , 1970,
-
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, . ,
(2700/26502550 25502450 ) [Wodarczak, 2006,
s. 126127; tabl. XLII:4; LXV:1; Machnik, 1964, tabl. IV:8].
.
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, [ 1502]. .
5
[, 1974, . 56].
2 1
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[Struve, 1955, tabl. 10:2],
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2) [Wodarczak, 2006, s. 126; tabl. XXVI:2].
,
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124
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, 1974, . 41, . 8:1].

. 13 (. 15, 3) [, 1970, . 56, . 3:1].

[, 2009, . 187188; , 2004, . 112113, . 62:1, 610, 1316; ,
, 1962, . :10, 12].
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[Koman, 1998, s. 61, 63, 67, ryc. 2:10].
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1968, fig. 15:16; 22954].
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6 . , ,
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125
. 16. . 1 , 12; 2, 11, 12, 16 , 4, 2; 3

; 46, 9, 10 , 8; 7, 13 , 2; 8 , 7; 14 ,
1; 15 , 5; 17 , 3; 18 , 6 (: 1 ,
1970, . 19, . :1; 2, 7, 11, 12, 14 , 1974, . 37, 40, 41, . 6:12; 7:5,7,8,12; 8:2,4; 3, 18
Sulimirski, 1968, fig. 12:6; 15:10; 46, 810, , , , 2011, . 53, 88, . 9; 20)
Fig. 16. Flint artifacts. 1 Kulchytsi, barrow 12; 2, 11, 12, 16 Kolokolyn, barrow 4, burial 2; 3 Stoyantsi; 4
6, 9, 10 Gai Nyzhni, barrow 8; 7, 13 Krasiv, barrow 2; 8 Gai Nyzhni, barrow 7; 14 Balychi, barrow 1;
15 Kolokolyn, barrow 5; 17 Kolokolyn, barrow 3; 18 Rokytne, barrow 6 (by: 1 , 1970, . 19,
. :1; 2, 7, 11, 12, 14 , 1974, . 37, 40, 41, . 6:12; 7:5,7,8,12; 8:2,4; 3, 18 Sulimirski,
1968, fig. 12:6; 15:10; 46, 810 , , , 2011, . 53, 88, . 9; 20)
1 .
- [ 22955]. ,
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126
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[ 22956].
[Balcer, 1983, s. 209, rys. 40:3, 4; Balcer, Machnik, Sitek, 2002, rys. 66:1, 2].

. , , , , . , .
,
[, 1936, . 3].
. , , . 1

(. 16, 3) [Sulimirski, 1968, fig. 12:6].
2 (. 16, 7) [, 1974,
. 8:4].
, 12 (. 16, 1) [, 1970, . 23 . :1].
7, 8
(. 16, 46, 810).
[, , , 2011, . 84, 105; . 20].

[Machnik, 1966,
tabl. XXXV:7,15,17,18; XXXV:3,7].
: 2 ( 24) 1 2 ( 25) .
[Bagiska, Koman, 1991, ry. 6:1; achnik, Bagiska, Koman, 2009, s. 58, ry. 41:5;
45:2; 48:2; 117:2; Libera, 2009, s. 288].
. 8
, [, ,
, 2011, . 92 . 21:1].
[Machnik, 1966,
s. 49, tabl. XXXVI:5,8,9; Wodarczak, 2006, s. 246, tabl. XXIV:13].
(, 1, 2)
. ,
[Sulimirski, 1968, plate. 9:25].
,
20,5 % [Wodarczak, 2006, s. 28].
, .
.
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, [,
, 1995, . 259]. 2
- (. 17, 2) [Sulimirski, 1968, p. 136, fig 15:17].
(, 2) .
,
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, [, 1974, . 7:11; 8:6].
15
(. 17:7), [ 48075].
, . . ,
[, , 1966, . 10].
127
. 17. . 1 , 3, 2; 2 , 2; 3 ,
1; 4 , 5; 5 , 4, 2; 6 , 4,
1; 7 , 15 (: 1, 47 , 1974, . 37, 40, 41, . 6:13; 7:10,11,16; 8:6;
2, 3 Sulimirski, 1968, fig. 9:4; 15:17)
Fig. 17. Flint artifacts. 1 Kolokolyn, barrow 3, burial 2; 2 Kulchytsi, barrow 2; 3 Krasiv, barrow 1;
4 Kolokolyn, barrow 5; 5 Kolokolyn, barrow 4, burial 2; 6 Kolokolyn, barrow 4, burial 1; 7 Balychi,
barrow 15 (by: 1, 47 , 1974, . 37, 40, 41, . 6:13; 7:10,11,16; 8:6; 2, 3 Sulimirski, 1968,
fig. 9:4; 15:17)
, ,
1 (. 17, 3) ,
12 . -
. [, 1970, . 3]. ,
-
[Gazda, 2009, tabl. 1].
128
.
,
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.
. () ()
[, 1974, . 61, 6667, . 14:2; 15:14; Kozowski, 1924, tabl. XXVII:10].
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167].
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135
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Kultura przeworska // Prahistoria Ziem Polskich. WroclawWarszawaKrakw. S. 57135.
Kokowski A.
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Warszawa. S. 2585.
Patterson R.
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Podgrska-Czopek I.
1999
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szlaku. LublinWarszawa. S. 9096.
Viktor VOYNAROVSKY
WEAVING AMONG THE POPULACE OF SOUTH-EASTERN EUROPE IN THE
1 MILLENNIUM A.D. ARTIFACTS AND DEGREE OF SPECIALIZATION
ST
The author denies the (dominant in Ukrainian literature) thesis that weaving was but a
household trade among the population of Ukraine in the 1st millennium A.D. He provides
archaeological traces of ancient weaving, analyzes the allocation of weaving-related finds in
settlements.
According to the author, in the first quarter of the 1st millennium A.D. weaving was a
professional, community trade, which only individual weavers engaged in (loom weights having only
been found in one or two houses per settlement), and the produced cloth was distributed within the
community. Meanwhile, spinning was a household trade, engaged in by the women of every family
(spindle whorls are found in nearly every dwelling).
In Cherniakhiv culture, weaving was a professional handicraft, with part of its produce possibly
being a subject of Goth-Roman trade.
The absence of loom weights in Early Medieval Slavic settlements can be explained as follows:
1) weaving was practiced as a community trade, only in a few separate buildings, bags of common
pebbles could be used as weights in a vertical loom, 2) in the second half of the 1st millennium A.D.
the Slavic populace preferred leather and fur over cloth for their garments.
During advanced Middle Ages (state system, demand, market, finance) weaving (in towns)
becomes a specialized, trade-oriented craft, weaving workshops and male weavers become
commonplace, and in rural areas the production of simple cloth increases (community needs, taxes).
149
. ,

.
2014. . 18. . 150163.

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150
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2010, . 61, 73] . , . ,
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Fig. 1. Hypothetical reconstruction of the way of escape of Rostyslav Mykhailovych from Halych to Scheko tyn
in 1242
-
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. 165166]. , , . ,
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0. C . 0 ( . .) 0. D
S 0. . 0 [, 1908, . , . 766]. 1240- .
, ,
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(: K [Stczyski], 1841)
Fig. 2. Central part of Stradech cave. Lithography by Macej Bogusz Stczyski, 1841 (by: K [Stczyski],
1841)
(17 1245 .),

D 0 [, 1908, . , . 804805].
,
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,
154
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. [, 1865,
. 3. : ,
: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ,
5 (: , , 19 96)
Fig. 3. Cave cloister in Stradech mountain: schematic plan of the cave, situational plan of entrance
labyrinth: 1 chapel, 2 stone table, 3 stone posts, 4 conical hole, 5 iconostasis (b y: , ,
1996)
. 161170; , 1905, . 612; , 1984, . 34; , 2003; , ,

2003, . 4550 .], 20 .
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156
. ,
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. VIII c.
[, 1978, . 73]. ,
. , 1416 . popones de villa Stradecz
(, ),
[Akta grodzkie i ziemskie, 1872, t. III, LXXXVII,
s. 169170], 1451 . IV
in monte ante villam Stradecz, alias ruthenicum monastyer (sic! . .),
in districtu Leopoliensi [Matricularum Regni Poloniae, 1905, ars I, 139, p. 9].
, ,
, , .

, [, 2007, . 185, 187], ,
, , , () [, , , 2013, s. 27
28] . ,
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157
. ,
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Fig. 4. Schematic plan of hill-fort on Stradech mountain (by: , 1996)
) [Kronika czynnoci
Koa, 1892, s. 155; Janusz, 1918, s. 108],
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1991
// :
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.
1899
XIVXV . . + 268 .

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/ . . . . . . XVI +
591 .
.
2008
. // . . 11.
. 7594.
2009

(. . 30- . .) // . . 13. . 336346.
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. . . 216222.
160
. ,
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Districtus Podhorayensis: -
XIIIXIV // : . . . 7.
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., ., .
2014
// . . ( ).
. .
2001
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. , / . . . . -.
640 .
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.
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.
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.
1867
.
-. 213 .

1950
/ . .
. . . .; . 642 .

1953
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442 .
.
1961
. . 789 .
1978
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. . 6482.
. .
1950
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1968
. . 472 .
.
1994
//
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. . , , 2729 1994 . . . 1315.
. ., . .
1995
. //
. , . , ,
23 1995 . . . 7276.
.
2006
//
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.
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. . 626 .
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XIV . // Colloquia Russica / pod red. V. Nagirnego i
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. .
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. . 96 .
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. 8791.
.
1965
() //
. . 3. . 321.
.
2003
( . XIV .). . 208 .
.
2009

2008 . // . . . . . 279 .
.
2010
-:
( V .) //
: . . . 45. . 5591.
.
2003
. . 16 .
., .
2003

// .
. . . , , 46 2003 . . . 4550.
. .
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: - . . 432 .
.
1869

i // . . . 71
94.
., ., .
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. ,
Akta grodzkie i ziemskie

1872
Akta grodzkie i ziemskie z czasw Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z archiwum tak zwanego
bernardyskiego we Lwowie w skutek fundacyi p. Alexandra hr. Stadnickiego. Wydane staraniem
Galicyjskiego Wydzialu Krajowego. Lww. . . VI + 286 s.
Janusz B.
1913
Z pradziejw ziemi Lwowskiej. Lww. 93 s.
1918
Zabytki przedhistoryczne Galicyi Wschodniej. Lww. 310 s.
K. [Stczyski M. B.]
1841
Pieczary pod wi Straczem w Galicyi, w cyrkule lwowskim // Przyjaciel Ludu. Czyli Tygodnik
potrzebnych i poytecznych wiadomoci. R. VII. 30. Leszno. S. 235238.
Kronika czynnoci
1892
Kronika czynnoci Koa c. k. Konserwatorw i Korespondentw Galicyi Wschodniej // Teka
konserwatorska. Rocznik Koa c. k. Konserwatorw staroytnych pomnikw Galicyi Wschodniej.
Lww. S. 148163.
Matricularum Regni Poloniae
1905
Matricularum Regni Poloniae Summaria, excussis codicibus, qui in Chartophylacio Maximo
Varsoviensi asservantur, contexuit indicesque adiecit Teodorus Wierzbowski. Varsoviae.
Pars I. IV + 191 .
Szaraniewicz .
1883
Trzy opisy historyczne staroksicego grodu Halicza w roku 1860, 1880 i 1882. Lww.
232 s. + .
Vitaliy LIASKA
EITHER DOMAMYRY OR DOMAZHYRY:
RETURNING TO THE DISCUSSION ABOUT ANNALISTIC CAVE FROM 1242
The article deals with the localization of Pechera Domazhyrova, which is found in Chronicle
under 1242, when Rostyslav Mykhailovych and his ally the boyar Volodyslav Yuriyovych took this
item on the way to Halych. Concerning the location of echera Domazhyrova in the scientific
community two diametrically opposite hypothesis have matured. Some researchers have placed it in
the vicinity of village near Ternopil Domamorych and others in Stradch near Domazhyra on the way
from Halych to Schekotiv. Based on the results of archaeological studies that correlated with
onomastic data, genealogy of boyar kind Domazhyrychi, geographical background of the events in
1242 and partially late medieval sources, the author considers it appropriate to identify this chronicle
item with Stradch settlement complex in 1113th century, which included mound and cave monastery
and some unfortified settlements.
163
. ...

.
2014. . 18. . 164171.

2- XIV .
( -1)
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. 150152].
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.
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Fig. 2. View at the stone ground on the place of burial complex II in Luchna
. XV 1-
XVI . , ,
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166
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1 - ; 2
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; ;
; , XV 1- XVI .
Fig. 3 Localization of burial co mplexes I, II within the central and northern parts of the excavatio n area IX.
1 the north-western part of the ground burial complex II; 2 the main categories of materials fro m ground
burial co mplex II; 3 localization of eastern part of the b urial complexes I and II in the excavation area IX; 4
the skeleton in one of the graves in the burial complex I; a the burial pits of ground burial complex I; the
limits and burial pits of ground burial complex II; mainland pits associated with constructions from XV
first half of the XVI century.
, , ,
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Fig. 4. Situational scheme of significant accumulation of moisture on the location of the burial complex II.
1 knife with a bone handle; 2 bone spoon
, ,
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.

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Fig. 5. Evidence of flo oding in the form o f sand layers above the . ,
settlement from XIXIII centuries
, , ,
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2012
= Archaeological Heritage of Belarus / . .
, - ; ., . . . .. ; . . .. ,
.. . : . 192 .
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1988
. .: . 522 .: .
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2011
// : . 2 . . 2. / . ..
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..
2000
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( c.). .: . . 84108.
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(. VII .). : Diemedzio Leidykla.
327 .: .
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. 150159.
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Marat KLIMAU
SOME ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGES IN THE NORTHERN PART
OF BELARUS IN THE 2ND HALF OF XIIIXIV CENTURIES (ACCORDING TO
THE RESEARCH OF LUCHNA-1 SITE)
The article presents data on climate change in the northern part of Belarus in the 2nd half of the
1314 centuries on the basis of Luchna-1 site, which was carried out comparative analysis of
preservation of bones buried in the ground within two burial grounds, close to the bank of the river
Western Dvina. As a result, it was found that in the soil burial late 12th 1st half of the 13th century, the
bones were destroyed by bacteria, whose activities are intensified in the face of deteriorating climate
in the 14th century. At the cemetery the 2nd half of the 16th century in connection with the improvement
of climate skeletons preserved. The article also points to the certificate big flood on the river. Western
Dvina in the period that began after the 13th century.
th
171
., . .

.
. 18. 2014. . 172211.

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- . (. 1, 2). ,
V, - . [, 2000].
[, 1962]
,
. [, 1903, 1914], ,
.
.
,
[, , 2012]. -
.
. 1. ()

Fig. 1. Vanzhuliv I (Zamchysko) on the map of distribution of loess deposits of the west of Ukraine and
adjacent territories of Poland
1
Paleolityczna ekumena strefy pery- i
metakarpackiej studium zmian rodowiska zachodniej Ukrainy i poudniowo-wschodniej Polski w plejstocenie i ich
wpywu na pierwotne osadnictwo oraz szlaki migracji (na podstawie stanowisk lessowych i jaskiniowych),
( 691/N-Ukraina/2010/0).
. ( -, ).
172
., . .
. , .
, (. 3), ii ()
. . ,
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,
, (. 2).
. 2.
Fig. 2. Site Vanzhuliv I on the map of relief of Northern Podillia
. 1986 . 1989 .
.
64 (24 2). 1990 . 68 2
(. 4). ,
. 1995
1996 . - 44 (16 2). ,
84 2 (. 5).
. [, 1990,
1997]; . (2000).
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2426 . ., ( . , 2014 .),
32 . .
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() 2013 .

. . 173
., . .
,
(. 6).
2013 .
. 3. . 2013 .
Fig. 3. Location of site Vanzhuliv I in Zamchysko Place. 2013. Place of excavation area I
.
(1990 .) ,
, . 1996 .
20092011 .
1996 . ,
(. 57). ,
87 (56 2) ( 1996 . 44 (16 2)). , 2013 .
40 2 (. 5).
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2013 . (. 8, 31).
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70100 , .
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[anczont, Bogucki, 2007].
, 2013 .,
176
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,
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. 4. . 1 1990 .; 2 1990 .; 3
; 4, 5 ()
Fig. 4. Site Vanzhuliv I. 1 place of excavation area 1990; 2 excavation area 1990; 3 clearing of cultural
layer ; 4, 5 cultural layer (fragment)
. ,
. , ,
[, 1990]
(. 31). , in situ,
.
177
., . .
. 5. .
Fig. 5. Vanzhuliv I. General plan of excavated area
. 6. . 2013 . .
Fig. 6. Vanzhuliv I. 2013. General plan of excavated area. View from the west
,
( - ) (. 15).
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Fig. 7. Vanzhuliv I. 2013. General view on excavated area. view from the south; view from the north
, ,
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4 ; 56
;
7
;
8 ;

Fig. 8. Excavation area from 2013. Northern wall. Stratigraphy: photo: 1 ground from excavation areas
from 19951996; 2 horizon of modern soil; 3 horizon of modern soil level of cultural layer ;
4 Upper Pleistocene loess; 56 solifluctional pack above Dubno fossil soil level of cultural layer ;
7 solifluctional pack above Horokhiv fossil soil level of cultural layer ; 8 Middle Pleistocene loess;
picture of deposits of northern wall with marked places of cultural layers
, ,
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Fig. 9. Vanzhuliv I. 2013. Plan and profile of location of artifacts from cultural layer II and III

- .
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Fig. 10. Vanzhuliv I. 2013. plan of location of cultural remains from layer III; profile of location of
artifacts by the line of square 17; profile of location of artifacts by the line of square
. 11. . 2013. .
Fig. 11. Vanzhuliv I. 2013. Cultural layer III. Flint artifacts
182
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Fig. 15. Vanzhuliv I. 2013. Cultural layer III. Flint
artifacts (photo)

. 6080
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Fig. 16. Vanzhuliv I. 2013. plan of location of cultural remains from layer II; profile of location of
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Fig. 17. Vanzhuliv I. 2013. Cultural layer II. Pre-cores (pictures and photo)
(. 17).
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Fig. 18. Vanzhuliv I. 2013. Cultural layer II. Core (picture and photo)

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Fig. 19. Vanzhuliv I. 2013. Cultural layer II. Flint artifacts

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anczont M., Bogucki A.
2007
High-resolution terrestrial archive of climatic oscillations during Oxygen Isotope Stages 52 in the
loess-palaeosol sequence at Kolodiiv (East Carpathian Foreland, Ukraine) // Geological
Quarterly. Vol. 51 (2). P. 105126.
Stepanchuk V., Cohen V.
20002001 The Kremenecian, a middle to upper Paleolithic transitional industry in the Western Ukraine
(Preliminary results of typological and technological reevaluation of the Kulychivka layer III
industry) // Prehistoire Europene. Vol. 1617. P. 75110.
Olexandr SYTNYK, Andriy BOGUCKI,

Maria ANCZONT, Teresa MADEYSKA,
Ruslan KOROPETSKYI, Olena TOMENIUK
VANZHULIV I KEY PALEOLITHIC SITE OF VOLHYN-PODILLIA
Key Paleolithic site Vanzhuliv I (Zamchysko) belongs to perspective monuments which related
to Pleistocene periglacial loess-soil series of Northern Podillia. The site was discovered by
M. Levchuk in 1986. There are three Paleolithic cultural layers and the artefacts of NeolithicEneolithic and maybe Bronze ages were detected on the site.
The eldest (III) cultural layer has Middle Paleolithic (Mousterian) age and related to
solifluctional horizon above the Horokhiv fossil soil complex and partly to Upper Pleistocene loesses.
It can be correlated with Mousterian layers of Ihrovytsia I, Velykyi Glybochok I and Proniatyn.
Rather, Mousterian hunters lived here during one of warming, when one of Kolodiiv soil was formed.
Condition of conservation of collections of artefacts from layer III is highly unsatisfactory. Almost
every flint has undergone very strong influence of permafrost processes since settlers (the
Neanderthals?) left the site. Whereas the settlement was on the top of slope, it may be assumed that
these artefacts were located on the surface during long time under the influence of temperature
fluctuations, cryogenesis, precipitation, melt waters etc.
Upper Paleolithic cultural layer (II) associates with upper part of Dubno fossil soil, disturbed by
delluvial-solifluctional processes. Its age, defined by TL-method is about 233 and 32,64,8 kyr BP.
210
., . .
Second date 32 kyr BP appeared more probable, because it is confirmed by archaic features of
Upper-Paleolithic technique (with the elements of flake Levalloise). Unlike the Mousterian cultural
horizon, the whole complex of flint artifacts from this layer is well-preserved, non-patined, with sharp
edges and crests, which is an indication of high rate of accumulation of deposits, which covered these
artifacts.
Final-Pleistocene (I) cultural layer has not clear stratigraphic position and is situated, in fact, in
the horizon B of modern soil. Flints with white patina are often re-deposited by anthropogenic factors
(deep plowing). Age of this horizon is estimated as 128 kyr BP.
211
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Fig. 1. Map of localization of sites of Tuchapy group and Zamostia I
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Fig. 2. A View on the Tuchap y I, II. 2013. Photo made by
R. Choban. Schematic plan of situation of the site Tuchapy I, II.
B conventional section of sites Tuchapy I, II
214
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Fig. 3. A Schematic map of localization of recently discovered sites: 1 Dzhuriv V; 2 Dzhuriv VI;
3 Tuchapy I; 4 Tuchapy II; 5 Tuchapy III; 6 Kniazhe VI; concentration of finds on the surface.
schematic section of the most important sites
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218
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Fig. 11. Zamostia I. Tools from gravetic technocomplex (Ambrojevici, Popovici, 1938)
( )

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Ambrojevici C., Popovici R.
1938
Zamostea 1 am Ceremus, Eine jungpalolitische Fundstelle Nord-Rumniens // Dacia. VVI.
Bucuresti.
Roman CHOBAN,
Oleksandr SYTNYK
NEW EPIGRAVETIC SITES ON THE LEFT BANK OF CHEREMOSH RIVER
Teacher of village school from Pochapy, Snyatyn district Ivano-Frankivsk region discovered a
several final Paleolithic sites Dzhuryn V, VI, Tuchapy IIII, Kniazhe VI, located on the left bank of
Cheremos River (right tributary of Prut River). The site of Tuchapy II is presented by the most
numerous complex of finds, which includes more than two thousand flint artifacts. Among the most
striking gravetic types are points and blades with blunt edge. Typical scrapers are absent, but a lot of
burins and microlithic artifacts were found, allowing interpreting this complex preliminary as a site of
epigravetic period of Upper Paleolithic. The closest analogy for it is site of Zamostia I that was
explored by C. Ambrozhevych and E. Lazar in 1935.
229
.

.
2014. . 18. . 230244.

( 2013 )
..

[, 2010], .
,
.
. 1. . . (1
. , 2 , 3 -, 4 ) (:
. -35-73-. . 1:50000. . 1984 . 1985 .
. -35-73-. . 1:50000. . 1984 . 198 5 .)
Fig. 1. Topographic map of burial grounds at Zvenyhorod (1 homestead of M. Velykach, 2 Hoyeva Hora,
3 market garden of Panchynyak- Savyts'kyy, 4 Zahumenky)

30- . . [miszko, 1932, s. 6468].
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2013 1

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Fig. 2. Zvenyhorod. Scheme of isolines (A general view, B Hoyeva 0,0771 , Hora, C Zahumenky)
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. (6 1, 7 2, 8
3, 9 4, 10 5, 11 6, . 12 7, 13 8)
Fig. 3. A. Distribution scheme of tranches and sites at burial grounds at ,
Hoyeva Hora. (1 homestead of M. Velykach (objects of 2013), 2, 3
market garden of Panchynyak- Savyts'kyy, 4 Hoyeva Hora, 5 stone () .
cross at Hoyeva Hora). B. Scheme of localization of surface finds at
Zahumenky (6 Zahumenky 1, 7 Zahumenky 2, 8 Zahumenky 3,

9 Zahumenky 4, 10 Zahumenky 5, 11 Zahumenky 6, 12
00,25
,
Zahumenky 7, 13 Zahumenky 8)

-, - -
(. 5, 1). .
232

(=13,3 , =10,5 , =21 , 11,1 ,
0,50,8 ) (. 6, 1).
. 4. , . , 2. . .
(1 ( ), ; 2
( 2); 3 - (
),
Fig. 4. Zvenyhorod, homestead of M. Velykach, tranch 2. General scheme. Stratigraphic section
, , . , , , .
. ( , ). ( , ) ,
- :
, , [, 1978].
, ,
- .
, [Smiszko,
233
1932, tabl. VIII,14; , 1984, . 29,2]. ,

,
, , [, 1978, . 2, 5, 6].
- , 0,77
(. 6, 23). 8 , 1,5 :
. .
.
. 5. , . , 1. 1
(, , , ), -; 2
(, ), - -; 3
( ), , ;
4 ( - ),
, -, ; 5

Fig. 5. Zvenyhorod, homestead of M. Velykach, tranch 1
0,88 (
0,52 ). , 1,01 ( 1).
0,83 .
, (- ,
0,620,63 ).
.
262.
, , :
2
, .
234
( , );
;
- ;
, ;
( ,
).
1765 11883 (. 1, 2).
(1325
772 ); 440 416 .
25 . ,
. 4.
1217 (68,9 % ).
511 , , 60 ,
(121), , ( 86
237) (. 2).
( , ).

:
1) (24 %); 2)
( 23
)
, (, ) (. 2,
1).

(28,9 %). 352 ,

,
,
19
,
; . 6. , . , . 26. (1
, ; 2, 3 )
-- Fig. 6. Zvenyhorod, homestead of M. Velykach, tranch 1, tomb 26.
; Grave goods (1 urn, 2, 3 knifes)

3
12 , ,
.
4
, ,
- . ,
,
( , ) [, , 1964; Buikstra, Ubelaker, 1994; Holck,
1996; Krenzer, 2006; Mays, 2002; Brothwell, 1981; Herrmann u.a., 1990; , 1998; Dokladal, 1999].
, , - ,
[Walker et al., 2008; Hermann, 1988;
Holck, 1996; , 2010; Grokopf, 2004; Ortner, Putschar, 1981; , 1998; Schmidt, Symes (d), 2008;
Herrmann u.a., 1990].
235
, ,
(pars petrosa, ),
, ;
( ),
- .
. 7. (. 26, ) ( ;
; ; D
; , )
Fig. 7. Fragments of the skull (tomb 26, Zvenyhorod) ( fragments of the frontal bone with orbits;
B fragment of temporal bone with mastoid process; C maxilla; D fragment of mandible with alveolus of 3rd molar teeth; E fragment of tooth, mandib le)
85 , : ,

( ), (,
( ) ) (. 2, . 7).
, ,
. 60 12 ,
17 , 19 , 1 (. 2, . 8).
,
, .
236
. 8. ( )
(. 26, )
Fig. 8. Vertebrae (cervical and partly thoracic vertebrae with steo chondrosis) (tomb 26, Zvenyhorod)
8 , 1 ,
26 , 35 , 16 . ,

, , (. 2).
22 , 57 - , , 18 . : , ,
,
237
, ,
(. 2).
,
(, ),
. ,
, 47,7 % .
, , ,
.
. 9. ( 26, )
Fig. 9. Scheme of temperature regime during cremation process (tomb 26, Zvenyhorod)
,
.
, . ,
, , , ,
.
, .
, - .

( ) ( 1). ,
,
, ,
, , [Holck, 1996;
Grokopf, 2004, . 24].
,
, ,
.
( adultus, 2535 (40) .).
(
, - - ,
238
(C1C2) (L3)). ( L2) ,

.
( Brothwell D. 1523 )
( 4 Burns, 30- )
[Buikstra, Ubelaker, 1994; Krenzer, 2006; Brothwell, 1981, fig.3.4].
,
- ,
, . ,
(
)
.
: (1 ), (2 ),
(12 )
(23 ) [Buikstra, Ubelaker, 1994].
, , ..
, , ,
(female>male).
. ,

, (
.. ) :
(. 8) [, 1998, . 120].
(
), (m.anconeus)
(mm.antebrachii),
[, 2000, . 6869].
1
(, . 26)
( ; )
, ( Wahl, 1982)
< 15
-
Fragment count
()
Weight (g)
1625
2635
>193 >771 132
403
64
122
31
284
111
229
164
72
3645
31
19
107 61
>46
Total
20
10
440
1325
1765
95
34
416
772
1188
,
(). :
, , , ,
- . ,
(
),
.
: 1)

( ,
239
); 2) ( ),
, , .
, , ,
- ( ),
(. 3; . 9).
2

( 26, ) ( : )
(cranium; fragment count):

)
(cranium cerebrale)
)
(cranium viscerale)
) (not identified)

(columna vertebrali)
() (costae)

(ossa membri superioris):
) (,
)
) (,
, )

(ossa membri inferioris):
)
) (,
-, ,
)
,
(ossa membr, not identified)

(not identified)
-
Fragment
count
87
67
%
.-
4,9
-
-
Fragment
count
424
285
%
.-
24
78
. -
-
(Total)
%
.-
511
352
28,9
19,9
85
4,8
13
36
61
24
1,4
74
60
4,2
3,4
40
32
2,3
1,8
81
54
4,6
3,1
121
86
6,9
4,9
0,5
29
48
77
4,4
237
13,4
22
215
1,2
12,2
72
4,1
7
65
165
9,3
15
150
34
1,9
168
9,5
202
11,4
139
7,9
409
23,2
548
31,1

, , , .
300 900 5 (. 9); ,
.
, , ,
- ( , -
), . ,
5
: 1) Herrmann .;
2) Walker P., Miller K., Richman R.) [Herrmann, 1988; Walker et al., 2008]. WalkerMiller-Richman.
240
,
. -
,
, . (. 9)
:
, ().
3
,
( 26, )

Herrmann (1988)

(cranium cerebrale)
(400)500800

Walker, Miller (2008)
(300)600900 )
(cranium viscerale)
700800
700900
(columna vertebrali)
450550
600700
, (ossa thoracis, costae)
500800
700900
(humerus)
450600
300900
(ulna, radius)
500700
600800
(os coxae)
500700
700900
(femur)
400800
350900
(articulatio genus)
400500
300600
(ossa pedis)
550700
400800

.
:
1) ,
,
(, ).
, , (
, , ).
, ,
( 1).
2) ( 1188 ),
, , .
3) , -
: ) (
0,25 ,
), (1,01 )
( 0,83 ).
; ) (
, ); ) ; )
241
(
) ( 1).
,
(, ), .
,
.
, 300900 .
, .
( , ).
,
,
.
-6.
. ,
1950- . .
,
,
. . ( -
) ,
.
. -
( 3) ( 1950- .). 140
, ( 4) (. 3, ).
- (. 1).
( ), -, - -
. . . ,
8 ,
.
, .
. 0,859 (. 3, )

. , ,
, '
, ,
.
, .
.., ..
1964
. . . 128 .
..
1978
. . . 275 .
..
1998
// .
. . .., ..,
.. ., . . 87146.
6
GPS- (Garmin
Dakota 20). : 1:100000,
1:50000, SRTM , . UTM, 35, WGS 84.
242
.
2010
: //
. . . 13. . 205218.
..
2010
// . . 224. . 8597.
..
1975
. .
1975/23.
1978
. // . 25. . 96
107.
1984
. . 95 .
1985
. ' //
. 52. . 5264.
..
1998
//
. . . ..,
.., .. ., . . 174182.
1972
/ . .. . . 151 .
..
1954
1954 .
. 1954/13.
1957
o // . . . 69. . 63
74.
..
2014
: // : [. . .] /
. - . , . .. . . . 4. . 210.
..
1947
- 1947 .
. 1947/2.
..
2006
( . .. .
. ..) // . . 1. . 1626.
..
2001
. . 55 .
2003

( ) // Materiay sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego orodka
archeologicznego. Rzeszw. . . S. 151184.
Buikstra J., Ubelaker D.
1994
Standards for data collection from human skeletal remains. Arkansas Archaeological Survey,
Research series, no. 44. Fayetteville.
Brothwell D.R.
1981
Digging up bones. Third edition. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. 208 p.
Dokladal M.
1999
Morfologie spalenych kosti. Vyznam pro identifikaci osob // Acta Facultatis Medicae Universitatis
Brunensis Masarykianne 113. Brno. 185 p.
Grokopf B.
2004
LeichenbrandBiologisches und kulturhistorisches Quellenmaterial zur Rekonstruktion vor- und
frhgeschichtlicher Populationen und ihrer Funeralpraktiken. Dissertation.
243
Holck P.
1996
Cremated bones. A medical-anthropological material on cremation burials. Antropologiske skrifter

nr.1B. Anatomical institute. University Oslo. 160 p.
Hermann B.
1988
Behandlung von Leichenbrand // Knussman J., Reiner H. Antropologie-Handbuch der
vergleichenden Biologie des Menchen. Band 1. Teil Stuttgart/NewYork. . 576585.
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1990
Prhistorische Anthropologie. Leitfaden der Feld- und Labormethoden. Spriger-Verlag, Berlin,
Heidelberg, New York. 445 p.
Krenzer U.
2006
Compendio de mtodos antropolgico forenses: para la reconstruccin del perfil osteo-biolgico.
Ciudad, Guatemala. T. 17.
Mays S.
2002
The archaeology of human bones. London, New York. 242 p.
Ortner D., Putschar W.
1981
Identification of pathological conditions in human skeletal remains. Washington, 1981. 479 p.
Schmidt C., Symes S.
2008
The analysis of burned human remains. London: Elsevier.
miszko M.
1932
Kultury wcesnego okresu epoki cesarstwa rzymskiego w Maopolse Wschodniej. Lww. 192 s.
Symes S., Rainwater ., Chapman ., Gipson D., Piper A.
2008
Patterned thermal destruction of human remains in a forensic setting // Schmidt C.W., Symes S.A.,
editors. The analysis of burned human remains. London: Elsevier. S. 1554.
Walker P., Miller K., Richman R.
2008
Time, temperature, and oxygen availability: an experimental study of the effects of environmental
conditions on the color and organic content of cremated bone // Schmidt C.W., Symes S.A.
(editors). The analysis of burned human remains. London: Elsevier, 2008. S. 129135.
Tetiana SLOBODYAN
BURIAL GROUNDS OF EARLY ROMAN PERIOD IN ZVENYHOROD
(INVESTIGATIONS IN 2013)
In the articl the results of the investigation of the burial grounds in Zvenyhorod (Roman period,
Lviv Region) have been revealed. One cremated burial was discovered in 2013 (the backyard of
M. Velyckach) and also the works have been conducted for the purpose of detection of the damage
level of these monuments and opportunity to conduct further scientific research. Also the
anthropological material from from grave has been analyzed. Anthropological expertise has revealed
that the bones of the given burial belong to an adult (2535 (40 years), credibly female. The
temperature of hearth has been denoted after bones color (within 300900 ). The analysis of
vertebral column showed marks of pathological processes such as steochondrosis.
244
., ., . ...

.
2014. . 18. . 245261.
,
,

, - .
,
800 [, 2007, . 264280]1.
50
. . 2,
850730 , 36 .
, , 5
25 27 .
1315 2,02,5 [, 2007, c. 267].
,
, 2012
. ,
(. 10; 19; 20) : 1 (?),
( . 9); 2 - (. 13); 3
(. 78). , ,
(. 4).
:
, , , (. 11);
(. 14) ;
, , ,
(. 12; 19; 20).

(. ,
[, 1984, c. 37]), ,
. ,
, [, 1957, c. 17;
, 1976, c. 52; , 1992, c. 6, 20; , 2007, c. 273, . 7; c. 275, . 8; . 277, . 9].
, ,
, ( ) ,
- , , ( 36
( ),
. [, 2007, c. 269]). , ,
, ,
, , ..
; , ,
, , ,
[, 2007, c. 267].
2
, . ,
,
. [, 2007, c. 266].
245
., ., . ...

,
, , ( )
.
. 1. .
; . ( )
Fig. 1. Map of suburbs of Zhydachiv, L'viv region with marked locatio n of the hoardin Bazyivka Place;
location of the hoard near Zhyd achiv (fragment of aero photography)
, , ,
.
246
., ., . ...
,
,
- (.
).

3 ( )
: (. 7; 8),
(. 4; 5; 6) , (. 9), ,
, (. 10).
- (. 7, 45),
(,
. 7, 12);
(. 7, 6) (
) - (. 7, 3).
, 2 (
. ), ,
, , , ( , ) .
(urnenfelderzeit) ,
- [von Merhart, 1952, p. 11, karte 1].
, , ,
, ,
. 28 27 -
, 11
(. 4; 5; 6).

(
(. 5; 6). ,
. ,
, (. 6).

, , ,
1 (. 18).
3
, , (
), . ,
(, ) , , ,
, , . ,
(. hoard, . Hortfund)
. , ,
,
. ,
, , , , ,
( )
, , , , ,
. , . ..
, ,
, . ,
, ,
, [, 2011, c. 6263].
247
., ., . ...
, ,
, , ,
: . .
, , ,
, (. 15; 16). ,
. 2. . ,
Fig. 2. Schematic plan of situation of Bazyivka Place near Zhydachiv, where the hoard was discovered
,
(eimer), 14 .

[Sulimirski, 1938, tabl. II, 8; , 7; s. 255, 264], ,
, [Patai, 1969, s. 175
176; 1990, s. 28; , 2006, c. 95]. , .
, ,

[Zurowski, 1949, tabl. LVII, 8], ,
[von Merhart, 1952, taf. 20].
, , ,

(. 17, 1).
(. 15),
- ,
, ,
.
248
., ., . ...
. 3. . .
,
( : 1 ; 2 ; 3
; 4 )
Fig. 3. Conditions of deposition of hoard of bronze finds in Bazyivka Place near Zhydachiv. Stratigraphic
section, plan of location of artifacts at the complex and view on complex itself

( ),
.
,
. ,
, 10,3
249
., ., . ...
. 4. . ()
Fig. 4. Bazyivka hoard. Large fragments of bronze situla (photo)
4,8 (. 9, 1).
( ) .

(. 9, 2). , ,
, ,
.
,
, , ,
250
., ., . ...
. 5. .
Fig. 5. Bazyivka hoard. Small fragments of bronze situla
( ),
(. 10). , ,
(, , )
3,7 .
(. 10). 14 (
15,8 ), 5,5 .
, , (. 10).
2,0
3,8 . ,
, , , ,
, .
251
., ., . ...
, -
, , ,
. - .,
( , , , , (?),
, , ,
.,
) [Sulimirski, 1938, tabl. II, 3; ryc. 1,
s. 255].4 . ,

,
,
[Zurowski, 1949,
s. 186].
, [Podborsky, 1967, obr. 2; 4; 8; 13;
Novotna, 1970, s. 66; , 1985,
c. 80, . 25,1].

. . , ,
2, 3, 4
,
. 6. . - . ,
( ,
)

Fig. 6. Bazyivka hoard. Graphic reconstruction of situla based on preserved fragments (by Mykhailo
[Patai, 1996, s. 417; , 2006,
Bilyk)
c. 95], ,
-
[Podborsky, 2001, c. 157, obr. 82, 1011].

[Podborsky, 2001, s. 157, obr. 82, 9],
, , ,
,
.

,
(. 12, 1, 35)
(. 12, 2), (. 11, 12). ,

(knopfsicheln),
.
, ( ),

. 13,5 , 5,5 ,
3 (. 18, 2). , , ,
.
[Zurowski, 1949, tabl. XXXI, 1; s. 168].
252
., ., . ...
, ( 10,6 10,9
1,52,0 ) . ,

.
. 7. . (1, 2 ;
3 -; 4, 5
; 6
Fig. 7. Bazyivka hoard. Fragments of two bronze pots (1, 2 parts of ornamented rims; 3 fragment of
torded handle-antaba; 4, 5 fragments of cross-like binding of ears on rims of the pot; 6 bottom with partly
preserved circle pallet
- -, ,
(. 12, 15). ,
, ,
. . .
, , ,
., [Brunn, 1968, s. 56; , 1993,
. 134]. ,
(
)
2-1.
,
, .
-
, Koszider (
Jaszkarajeno . ),
,
[, 1997, c. 76, . 7,
, 3].
Koszider (
. 8. . , ,
(
, - )
) 1 Fig. 8. Bazyivka hoard. Graphic reconstruction of
, two pots based on preserved fragments (by Mykhailo
- - Bilyk)
253
., ., . ...
, , ,
. , [, 1997, c. 36].
,
, -
(Iliseni, Tomesti, Ruginesti?), ().

. ,
9,1 ,
(. 11, 2), ,
, . , . 9. .
, ,
Fig. 9. Bazyivka hoard. Bronze ware with thin walls
,
and one ear on circle pallet
,
(
)
, ,
1 3 (. 11, 2).
, ,
, . -,
( )
,
,
(. 11, 1).
. 10. . (
)
Fig. 10. Bazyivka hoard. Bronze ornamented bowl with one ear (front view and imagined section)
254
., ., . ...

. ,
7,1 , () 5,0 ,
2,32,6 ,

,
1,51,6 (!). ,
( ) ,
.
- ,

-,
.
,
,
. 11. .

[Zurowski, 1949, tabl. XI, 10],
Fig. 11. Bazyivka hoard. Bronze one-ear celt-axes ,
from complex of artifacts
[, 1993, c. 131, . 71,
8],
(, ) ,
[, 1976, c. 233, . 1, 3].
( ?)

. C ,
(. 10; 19;
20) ,
(, , )
, , ,
,
. 8 (?) ,
,
.
2,8 5,1 (. 13).
.

,

(?) (. 13, 18).

, , 5

255
. 12. .

Fig. 12. Bazyivka hoard. Bronze sickle-like
tool from complex of finds
., ., . ...
[Sulimirski, 1938, s. 256; s. 263, tabl. II, 12;

, 1985, c. 80, . 25, 24].
, ( )
,

. ,
, ,
,
.
,
, :

( )

, .
. 13. . (
,
)

Fig. 13. Bazyivka hoard. Lunnitsas (front view and

imagined section)
(. 13, 3,7),
. (
), ,
. , ,
[, , 1995, . 3, 57, 1014],
2. , 7,9 13 ,
, .
, ,
BrB1 [Mozsolics, 1985, s. 61], , [Furmanek, 1977, s. 290; ,
, 1995, . 89].
. 14. . (
)
Fig. 14. Bazyivka hoard. Bronze razor of Oblekovitse type (general view of preserved part with graphic
reconstruction of lost fragments)
256
., ., . ...
. 15. .
.

1938 . ( )
Fig. 15. Nedilys'ka Peremyshlyany district, L'viv region.
Graphic reconstruction of first bronze situla of
,
. (,
)
.

. ,

, (. 14).
, ,

,

.
,
,

,
(,
1), . ,
, 5
,
1 3.
.
,
.
,
, ,

(, ). (
)
10,7 ,

1,

(. 14).
(
)
,
. 16. .
.

( )
Fig. 16. Nedilys'ka Peremyshlyany district, L'viv region.
Preserved fragment of second ornamented situla and its
graphic reconstruction (by Mykhailo Bilyk)
-
[Kemenczei, 1984, taf. CXCII, 15], , -,
1 [Kemenczei, 1996, p. 84; , 2006, . 95]. ,
1-3.
257
., ., . ...
,
,
.
,

, , , ,
,
(1). (
, )
. 17. ,

Fig. 17. Bronze situlas from territory of modern
Hungary and Upper Danube region

.
,
,

[Jockenhovel, 1971, s. 205207].

[Jockenhovel, 1971, s. 211;
Gedl, 1988, s. 104],

[Jockenhovel,
1971, s. 211; Gedl, 1988, s. 104].
(
, . 18.
), : 1 ; 2
; 3
.
, , : Fig. 18. Bronze ware of researched period: 1 from

-, Upper danube region; 2 from Nedilys'ka hoard;
, 3 from Bazyivka hoard
(, , )

; -,

- ,
258
., ., . ...
. 20. .
Fig. 20. Bazyivka hoard. General view
. 19. ,
Fig. 19. Materials from Bazyivka hoard placed where they were situated during uncovering
, , ..
.
, ,
, , ,
; , , -,
, ,
( )
, ,
259
., ., . ...
,
, , .
..
1997
- . . 104 .
.
2006
// . . . 10. . 9299.
., .
1995
- //
. . . 8794.
.
2007
( ) // . . . 11.
. 264280.
..
1985

. .
1993
- //
, . . . 56122.
.
1993
. . 27 .
..
1957
. . 95 .
. .
1976
( ). . 95 .
Kemenczei T.
1984
Die Spatbronzezeit Nord-Ostungarns. Budapest. . 67102.
Patay P.
1969
Der Bronzefund von Mezokovezsd // Acta Archeologica Hungarica. S. 167216.
Podborsky V.
2001
Dejiny praveku a rane doby dejinne. Brno. 325 s.
Sulimirski T.
1936/1937 Brazowy skarb z Niedzielisk pow. Przemyslany // Swiatowit. Warszawa. S. 255282.
Jockenhoveel A.
1971
Die Rasiermessen in Mitteleuropa // Prahistorische Bronzefunde. Munchen. Ab. 1. Bd.1.
282 s.
Merhart von G.
1952
Studien ubereinige Gattungen von Bronzegefaben. Festschrift des Romisch-Germanischen
Zentralmuseum. Mainz. II. 71 s.
Mozsolics A.
1985
Bronzefunde aus Ungarn. Budapest. . 221222.
260
., ., . ...
Mykola BANDRIVSKYI,
Larysa KRUSHELNYTSKA,
Mykhailo BILYK
NEWLY DISCOVERED "HOARD" FROM BAZYYIVKA IN THE CONTEXT OF DEFINITION
OF ETHNO-CULTURAL BELONGING OF HOARDS OF NEDILYSKO TYPE
IN UPPER DNISTER REGION
Complex of finds (hoard), which was discovered in spring 2012 in Bazyyivka Place near
Zhydachiv, Lviv region is introduced for scientific use for the first time at this paper. Based on the
comparison of Bazyyivka hoard with other similar already well-known complexes (for example
ones from Nedilyska near Peremyshliany, Lviv region and Jargoriv near Monastyrok, Ternopil
region), the authors raise the issue of belonging of all three of these hoards to Holigrady culture. The
conclusion is also made, that the publication of Bazyyivka complex of finds, which has been
discovered in the highest (and therefore, perhaps the most prestigious) part of the hill-fort confirmed
the long-standing researchers' observation about relationship of hoards of Late Bronze Age of
Central European with fortifications of this period. Moreover, character of selection of items from
Bazyyivka complex, condition of their preservation and number have shown that in this case we are
not dealing with the usual collection of scrap (damaged things) or complex of objects hidden in an
emergency, but with specially selected set of things that were buried in the ground for cult purpose
during ritual manipulations. True meaning and purpose of this complex is perhaps lost now.
261
. ...

.
2014. . 18. . 262273.

.
, [,
1993; , , 1995; , 1996; 1996, . 3869; , 1989, . 109116;
1992; 1995, . 710; 1995, . 35; , 1995, . 101104; 1995, . 104107],
.
,
.
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Fig. 1. Schematic map of the surveyed rocks' location
2011 , -
, 500 300
, .
(. 1, . 7 ( 1), 2).
262
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1988, . 21]. .
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Fig. 2. Discovered petroglyph
,
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.

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[, 1995, . 35],
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.60, . 3); 5 , (: , 2003, . 106108); 6 , (: ,
1980, . 39, . 34); 7 , (: , 2002, . 41, . 47); 8
(: , 2001, . 60, . 2/7)
Fig. 3. Nearest anthropomorphic petroglyphs of the Carpathians (1, 2) and the depictions which are similar by
the morphology, but differ in content (38). 1 Carpathians, Ukraine (from: , 2008,
. 6465, . 44); 2 Carpathians, Ukraine (from: , 1999, . 154, .6); 3 Northern Black
Sea Coast, Ukraine (from: , 2002, . 48, . 69); 4 Northern Black Sea Coast, Ukraine (from:
, 2002, . 60, . 3); 5 Kamyana Mohyla, Ukraine (from: , 2003, . 106108); 6 Siberia,
Russia (from: , 1980, . 39, . 34); 7 Northern Black Sea Coast, Ukraine (from: ,
2002, . 41, . 47); 8 Central Asia (from: , 2001, . 60, . 2/7)
,
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264
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, 2003, . 232 , . 3); 4 , (: ,
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, 2008, . 411, . 498); 7 , (: , 2008, . 411, . 498); 8
, (: , 2008, . 411, . 498); 9 , (: );
10 , (: ); 11 (: Sansoni, p. 6, t. 4/8); 12 , (:
, 2008, . 3 47, . 447)
Fig. 4. Petroglyphs of the Bro nze Age. 1 Kamyana Mohyla, Ukraine (from: , 1961, . );
2 Valcamonica, Italy (fro m: Arca, 2001, p. 197, fig.16); 3 Middle Dniester Region, Ukraine (fro m:
, 2003, . 232, . 3); 4 Dnip ropetrovsk and Poltava regions, Ukraine (from: , 2001 ,
. 5 9, . 1); 5 Valcamonica, Italy (from: , 2008, . 411, . 498); 6 Besov Nos, Russia (fro m:
, 2008, . 411, . 498); 7 Tuva, Russia (from: , 2008, . 411, . 498); 8 Central Asia
and Andalusia, Spain (from: , 2008, . 411, . 498); 9 Gamigaya, Azerb aijan (from: );
10 Ossetia, Caucasus (from: ); 11 Scandinavia (from: Sansoni, p. 6, t. 4/8); 12 Adygea,
Caucasus (from: , 2008, . 347, . 447)
,
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61); 6, 7 , (: , 1998, . 190,
. 1, . 191, . 2); 8 , (: , 2005,
. 97); 9 (: , 1966, . 1)
Fig. 5. Images from the period of the establishment of Christianity and
the Middle Ages. 1, 2 Pokutsko-Bukovina Carpathians, Ukraine
(from: , 1995, . 102); 3 Kozelsk, Russia (from: ,
2009); 4 Crimea, Ukraine (from: , 1971, . 135); 5 Northern
Black Sea Coast, Ukraine (from: , , 2000, . 126,
. 61); 6, 7 Vileyka raion, Belarus (from: , 1998, . 190,
. 1, . 191, . 2); 8 Crimea, Ukraine (from: ,
2005, . 97); 9 depiction of the archers (from: , 1966,
. 1)
267

. . . [,
1999, . 154, .6] (. 3, 2).
, .
[, , 2008, .
6465, . 44] (. 3, 1).

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(, [, 2001, . 59,
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,
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,
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, ,
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Fig. 7. Discovered petroglyph

.
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, , Fig. 8. Fragment of the rock with petroglyph (photo by
, , A. Hoshchitsky)
.
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1988
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). . . 2150.
.
. : http:// irs-az.com/pdf/090621154956.pdf
.
2009 . . : http://mreadz.net/new/
index.php?id=62728&pages=23
Arca A.
2001
Chronology and interpretation of the Praying figures in Valcamonica rock art // Archeologia e
arte rupestre: lEuropa le Alpi-la Valcamonica, secondo convegno internazionale di archeologia
rupestre. Atti del Convegno di studi, 25 ottobre 1997, Darfo Boario terme Milano. . 185198.
: https://www.academia.edu/1159343/Arca_Andrea_2001._Chronology_and_
interpretation_of_the_Praying_figures_in_Valcamonica_rock-art.
Sansoni U.
2013
Riflessione sullarte rupestre europea e centro-asiatica nel quadro indoeuropeo // XXV
Valcamonica Symposium 2013. : https://www.academia.edu/5059916/
Riflessione_sullarte_rupestre_europea_e_centro-asiatica_nel_quadro_indoeuropeo.
Artem HOSHCHITSKYY
THE NEW ROCK ENGRAVING FROM SKOLIVS'KI BESKYDY MOUNTAINS
The new rock engraving was recently discovered in the Skolivs'ki Beskydy mountains. The
scientiphic research led to conclusion that the said anthropomorphous image with bow and arrow is
quite unique for the Eastern Carpathians. Here the petroglyphs are of small numbers, which increases
the weight of every new item. After the comparative analysis of the image's style and content, the
research team presumed that the petroglyphs dates back to the Bronze Age or medieval times.
273
.

.
2014. . 18. . 274285.

2011

(: ).
. - .,
. ,
70-
. . , ,
.
. 1. , 2011. .
Fig. 1. Iljatka, 2011. Location of burial of Globular Amphora culture. View from the west

. ,

. . . [, 2013, . 98100; 2015, . 2560; , 2015, . 61112].
274

2011 , 2 -
1 . .
. ,
. 200 (. 1).
. 2. 2011.
Fig. 2. Iljatka 2011. Central plate of burial of Globular Amphora culture
in situ, ,
, (. 2).
.
,
,
() (. 3) [, 2012, . 5].
23,5 .
. 2,14 , 1,49 ,
0,120,23 ,
. .
1,24 , 0,50,54 , 0,10,19 .
1,12 , 0,54 0,28 .
275
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0,450,48 .
-
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0,55 ,

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1,5 2.
1,55 ,
0,95
(. 4).

.

, ,
, . .
. 3. 2011.

Fig. 3. Iljatka 2011. Photos of the fragments of black decorated tableware
. - from burial of Globular Amphora culture
,
, ,
.
. , ,
.
,
. 5 (. 15),
276
- .
, . . 2
.
- .
, (?).
12,5 , 5,0
0,4 . , .
. .
.
(. 5, 1).
. 4. , 2011. 16.
Fig. 4. Iljatka, 2011. Burial 16. View from the north
- 3. ,
,
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0,25 0,720,74
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[. 5. , 2011. , 2007, . 226241].
1 2
Fig. 5. Iljatka, 2011. Sketch of stone buckles of Globular
. Amphora culture from p airs 1 and 2

2011 . . .
0,7 - , . .
278
,
. .

.
.
(. 8). ,

60- ,

,
2010 ., 200 ,
. , 1970-

.
.
700 , 1970 .

.
, [ , 1984,
. 27]. . , . 6. , 2011. 7.
- Fig. 6. Iljatka, 2011. Burial of Globular Amphora culture 7.
View from the east
- , .
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- . 0,15 -
, , 0,2 , , . , . , 0,5 (. 9).
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,

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). ,
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()
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. 7. , 2011.
,
Fig. 7. Iljatka, 2011. Sketch of the fragments of non-ornamented .
ceramic from the burial of Globular Amphora culture

.
.
(. 11). . , () . 15
. .
280
, ,
, ,
. , (. 10: ).
0,420,340,12 .
. 8. , 2011.
Fig. 8. Zajchyky, 2011. Stone chest before excavations
,
, () . ,
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.
,
10 [ ., 1984, .22108;
, 1993, . 5053]. , , -
, , . : 1888 . [, 1993, . 51],
XIX . [, 1902, . 147150], 1903 .
; , , [,
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[, 1926, . 1417].
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281
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1900 .
,

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1927]. , ,
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.
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, III II c. .. [, 1970,
. 20208]. 4
(. ..) (), - . ,
.
1972 . . , . . 9. , 2011.
-

Fig. 9. Zajchyky, 2011. Fragments of stone bottom of
the burial in stone chest in south-eastern part of the
object

( . ..). ,

[, , 1974,
. 305306]. . , ,
1964 .
. ,

, , ,
[, , 1965].

. ,
[, 1948].

. (19021989), 2,5
.

,
. 10. , 2011. -

( ) (
)
Fig. 10. Zajchyky, 2010. North-western part of the
burial with human's foot and burnt plank (on the
foreground) and accumulation (outside chest)
282
. 1986 . 2,5 .
0,10,15 .
. , . . ,
. 11.
Fig. 11. Sketch of the ceramic from the burial of Globular Amphora culture in stone chest
.
, .
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) // . . CCLIII. . . . 226241.
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. 22108.
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1965
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. . . 197354.
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1927
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284
Volodymyr ZAKHARJEV
NEW BURIALS OF PODOLIAN GROUP OF GLOBULAR AMPHORA CULTURE
The article is dedicated to the research of rare burial sites of Podolian Globular Amphora culture
(GAC). Excavations were carried out on recently discovered object of GAC near the village. Iljatka,
Stara Synjava district, Khmelnitsky region and on the burial site of GAC near Zajchyky, Volochyske
district, known from the literature. It is important that these sites represent two different types of burial
rite of Late Eneolithic of Ukraine. Description of burial goods, planigraphic features of these objects,
degree of preservation of materials and results of anthropological analysis are included. In the
excavated burial of GAC in Iljatka under three limestone slabs 7 adults were buried. Five skeletons lay
in not-anatomical order within concentration under main large plate. Skeletons from burials 6 and 7
were placed in crouched position on the back. It is traditional for the burial rite of the eastern part of
the area of GAC that prevailed in Europe during III kyr. B. C. In funeral chest near Zajchyky remains
of skeletons of two people who could be representatives of Babynska culture were found. They are,
according to constant tradition of this tribe were buried (after ritual of purification by fire) in the grave
of predecessors bearers of GAC.
285
.

.
2014. . 18. . 286290.

:
1957
()
[, 2009; 2011; 2012].
. .

, . 1957 .
1,5 .
[, 1969, . 327; , 1981, . 186]. ,
. 0,10,4 .
, [, 1976, c. 74; ,
1981, . 186; , 1993, c. 45].
. 1. 1957 ., .
Fig. 1. Romosh. 1957. Dymnytsia Place. Ceramic of Funnelbeaker culture
286
56 4 .
( 23 % ), (18 %), (52 %), (7 %).
(53 %), (18 %), (20 %) (9 %),
(70 %), (19,5 %), (7 %) (3,5 %) .
. 2. 1957 ., .
17 , , 13 .
(8 )
1224 . , ,
(. 1, 1, 2). .
.
1 (. 1, 3).
30 , (. 2, 1).

(5 ) 2024 (. 2, 25; 3, 4).
.
287
,
, (. 2, 5).
. ,
, .
6 20 (. 3, 13).
12 (. 3, 5). 22 (. 3, 6).
. 3. 1957 ., .
288
. 4. 1957 ., . 17: ; 8 12:

Fig. 4. Romosh. 1957. Dymnytsia Place. 17 ceramic; 812 flint artifacts
(. 3, 7, 8).
, 4 .
[, 2004, . 47: 6],
- , , 1 .
13 . 612
, (. 4, 16).
6 ,
2 0,8 (. 4, 7).
289

. :
4,44,42,1 .
(. 4, 12); - ;
5,22,10,5 (. 4, 11);
: 6,41,50,5,
6,52,40,6, 4,82,50,7 .
(. 4, 9, 10), -
(. 4, 8).
0,5 .
.
,
.
.
, . .
( )
, , ,
, (-, ,
), .

.
. IV . . .
, , .
1981
. . 321 .
. .
1969
// 1968 . . . 327328.
.
2009
// . . 13. . 172197.
2011
// . . 15. . 363370.
2012
-: 1963 //
. . 16. . 431447.
.
1993
. . 57 c.
.
2004
. . 160 .
.
1976
. . . 1976. 95 .
Andriy HAWINS'KYI
SITES OF FUNNELBEAKER CULTURE IN ROMOSH, LVIV REGION:
RESEARCHES CARRIED OUT IN 1957
Archaeological materials from Romosh, L'viv region, Sokal' district, which were not published
at the scientific literature before, are presented at the article. These data complement source base for
research of south-eastern group of Funnelbeaker culture.
290
.

.
2014. . 18. . 291321.

19952007 .
(
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16171629 .
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.
metallum,
medalla . numisma,
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. 1853 . IX
,
291
[Encyklopedia, t. XIV, 1881, s. 102], .

, , Martyrologium.
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292
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; 4 . ; 5 .
; 6 . .
Fig. 1. Religious medallions. 1 Avers. Christ the Redeemer; 2 Avers. Jesus from Nazareth; 3 Revers.
Maria, mother of Redeemer; 4 Avers. Virgin Mary of the Immaculate Conception; 5 Avers. Sokal Solace
Mother of God; 6 Revers. Coat of arms of Pilava and symbol of Bernardynian order
. . ,
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400 1 [Kuchowicz, 1992, s. 258].
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XVIII . 20 [Nestorowicz, 1997, s. 17].
293

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Vira HUPALO
RELIGIOUS MEDALLIONS FROM BURIALS IN FORMER BERNARDYNIAN CATHOLIC
CHURCH IN DUBNO, VOLHYNIA
The article is dedicated to religious medallions, which were found during researches of underaltar crypt in former Catholic church of Bernardynian cloister in Dubno. Systematization of
devotionalies based on subjects, represented by them is made. Several types of iconography were
distinguished accordingly: Christological, Maryic, Trinitic, angelistic, catechismic, agiographic.
Ideological content of compositions, connected with the existence and spreading of appropriate
religious cults is analyzed. Time and place of producing of medallions, area of their spreading are
outlined.
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Vira HUPALO
PROBLEM OF LOCALIZATION OF ANNALISTIC ZVENYHOROD
AT HISTORIOGRAPHY OF CENTURY
Review of discussion which took place in XIX century and was dedicated to issue of
localization of Zvenyhorod is made at the article. Mention of this city in chronicle is dated to 1087 in
association with some events on the territory of South-Western Rus'. Known Zvenyhorods, where
remains of Early Medieval cultural layer was found are characterized and compared with their
annalistic toponymy. M. Hrushevs'kyi's scientific work is emphasized, at which place of Zvenyhorod
was finally localized on the territory of Halych land.
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This article highlights the history of the study of Late Paleolithic sites of Sub-Carpathian and
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341
.

.
2014. . 18. . 342368.

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Fig. 17. Ceramic and reconstruction o f the oven from excavation in Holyn` (Janusz, 1924)
. 18. (: K. Adamczyk, 2013)

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1923 .
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[, 2012, . 155].
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. 1929 .
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362
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1907
. ( .) // . .
. 80. . 125128.
// . . 144, 146, 148 i 149.
1908
Jaskinie w Bilczu Zotem i Monastyrku // Kurjer Lwowski. Lww. N 245 i 250.
Nowo odkryta pieczara w Krzywczu // Kurjer Lwowski. Lww. N 542.
Wiadomo z XVIII wieku o jaskiniach w Krzywczu // Kurjer Lwowski. Lww. N 558.
1909
Jaskinie we wsi Krzywczu // Gazeta Kocielna. Lww. N 52.
Projekt nowej ustawy dla ochrony zabytkw historji i sztuki // Na ziemi naszej. Dodatek niedz. do
Kurjera Lwowskiego. Lww. N 10.
Muzeum Naukowego Tow. im. Szewczenki // Na ziemi naszej. Lww. N 17.
Najdawniejsze dotychczas znane szcztki szkieletowe czowieka // Wszechwiat. Warszawa. N 13 i
14.
Badania archeologiczne w latach 19001908 dokonane w Galicji wschodniej // Kurjer Lwowski.
Lww. N 406, 408, 410, 412, 423.
Z ruskich muzew we Lwowie // Na ziemi naszej. Lww. N 17.
Kwestija przedhistorycznego pochodzenia jaskini stradeckiej // Na ziemi naszej. Lww. N 8.
1910
Koszyowc wobec kultury neolitycznej Galicji Wschodniej // Na ziemi naszej. Lww. N 18 i 19.
Zabytki przedhistoryczne powiatu borszczowskiego // Wszechwiat. Warszawa. N 13.
Badania archeologiczne dokonane w latach 19081910 w Galicji Wschodniej // Na ziemi naszej.
Lww. N 26.
363
Pochodzenie i zastosowanie ornamentu geometrycznego w ceramice przedhistorycznej // Ziemia.

Warszawa. N 27. S. 418419; N 29. S. 449451; N 30. S. 465467; N 31. S. 482484.
Sprawa bokw z Bosyr // Na ziemi naszej. Lww. N 23. S. 8586.
Nowe odkrycia w zakresie antropologji przeddziejowej // Wszechwiat. Warszawa. N 6.
1911
Reorganizacja opieki nad zabytkami // Sowo Polskie. Lww. Nr. 404, 406 i 484.
Reforma rzdowej instytucji konserwatorw bez. ankiety // Gazeta Wieczorna. Lww. Nr. 323.
Jak wyglda czowiek pierwotny // Wszechwiat. Warszawa. Nr. 37.
Kraje polarne kolebk ludzkoci // Wszechwiat. Warszawa. Nr. 10. S. 145150.
Stanowisko nauki dzisiejszej wobec czowieka kopalnego // Wszechwiat. Warszawa. Nr. 1314.
Z paleoantropologji Galicji Wschodniej // Wszechwiat. Warszawa. Nr. 2426. S. 369373, 388
392, 410415.
Z paleoantropologii Galicyi Wshodniej. Warszawa. 49 s.
Typy etniczne i kulturalne w prehistorji Galicji wschodniej // Lud. T. XVII. Lww. S. 5794.
Badania przedhistoryczne w Rosyi // Lud. T. XVII. Lww. S. 167178.
Monety i inne zabytki rzymskie w Galicji Wschodniej // Na ziemi naszej. Lww. Nr. 14, 15 i 16.
Mnzen und andere rmische Alterthmer in Ostgalizien // Antiquittenzeitung. Stuttgart. Nr. 69.
Muzeum Narodowe Ruskie // Na ziemi naszej. Nr. 5. S. 7.
Wykopaliska w Przemylu // Na ziemi naszej. Lww. Nr. 18.
Bliniaca figura we wsi Zarubicach // Na ziemi naszej. Lww. Nr. 8.
Charakterystyka fizyczna dawnych Sowian wschodnich // Wszechwiat. Warszawa. Nr. 17.
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1912
Adam Honory Kirkor. Z powodu 25 rocznicy mierci // Kurjer Lwowski. Lww. Nr. 53.
Muzea lokalne w Galicji // Ziemia. Warszawa. Nr. 46. S. 5455, 7678, 9092.
Badania archeologiczne dokonane w 1911 r. w Galicji wschodniej // Na ziemi naszej. Lww. Nr. 23.
Krzywcze Postojna Podolska // Kronika Powszechna. Lww. Nr. 2021.
1913
Badania archeologiczne w roku 1912 w Galicji wschodniej // Gazeta Lwowska. Lww. Nr. 181, 182,
183.
Towarzystwo Przyjaci Nauk w Przemylu i nieco o muzeach lokalnych w Galicji. Lww. 30 s.
1914
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Czowiek przedhistoryczny: dzieje kultury przedhistorycznej Europy. Warszawa. 128 s.
Wandalin Szukiewicz // Kurjer Lwowski. Lww. Nr. 21.
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293 dni rzdw rosyjskich we Lwowie (3.IX.191422.VI.1915). Lww. 262 s.
1916
Dokumenty urzdowe okupacji Rosyiskiej Lwowa. Lww. 60 s.
1917
// . . 24 . . 198. . 23 (..).
Z wojennej archeologji. Kamie w Podgrodziu pod Rohatynem // Kurjer Lwowski. Lww. Nr. 408.
// . 199203.
1918
Zabytki przedhistoryczne Galicji Wschodniej. Lww. 310 s.
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1919
Kultura przedhistoryczna Podola Galicyjskiego. Lww. 171 s.
// . . . 1. .
. 171182( . ).
1922
Przewodnik po Lwowie: z planem miasta. Lww. 73 s.
1923
Walce si groty (w Krzywczu) // Sowo Polskie. Lww. Nr. 239.
364
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// . 1, 78 ( . ).
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Przedhistoryczna pracownia garncarska w Hoyniu pod Kauszem. Lww. 15 s.
Z wycieczki konserwatorskiej // Wiadomoci Konserwatorskie. Lww. S. 2428.
Wspomnienie o . p. Karolu Hadaczku // Wiadomoci Konserwatorskie. Lww. S. 7376.
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Z dziaalnoci Lwowskiego Urzdu Konserwatorskiego dla zabytkw przedhistorycznych. Lww. 15 s.
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empicki S.
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Szkilety
1923
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1929
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przedhistorycznych za rok 1924 // WA. Warszawa. T. X. S. 184189.
1935
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rok 1927 // Wiadomoci Archeologiczne. Warszawa. . 13. S. 216232.
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1984
Rozwj prahistorii polskiej w okresie 20-ia midzywojennego. Cz. I: 19181928. Pozna.
193 s.
Toczek A.
2013
Lwowskie rodowisko historyczne i jego wkad w kultur ksiki i prasy (18601918).
Krakw. 465 s.
Natalia BULYK
LIFE AND ACTIVITY OF BOGDAN JANUSZ AT THE CONTEXT OF INTELLECTUAL
ENVIRONMENT OF HALYCHYNA REGION
The purpose of this publication is to recreate of Bogdan Janusz's complete image in the context
of development of archeology in L'viv during first third of XX century. His ties with historical
environment are emphasized, his personal contribution to the development of various fields of
historical science is defined, and his most important works are analyzed.
Bogdan Janusz during whole his life closely contacted with Ukrainian and Polish scientific
community of L'viv. He started his scientific research under the tutelage of M. Hrushevskyi in the
Shevchenko Scientific Society, which was a good chance for a career. But very soon he broke
relations with Ukrainian scientists and connected his life with Polish historians and archaeologists.
B. Janusz attended lectures of K. Hadaczek, communicated with O. Czolowski, J. Czekanowski, was
supported by W. Demetrykewycz, R. Jakimowicz and W. Antoniewicz were his friends. Later he
again established relations with Ukrainian scientists. Among the latest M. Hrushevsky's most talented
student I. Krypiakevych and well-known historian, art critic and journalist M. Holubets deserve
special attention. At the same time B. Janusz continued to study and publish everything related to the
history and culture of L'viv and its suburbs.
B. Janusz is the author of over a hundred scientific and popular publications, including
monographs, catalogs, articles at scientific magazines and a large number of popular essays at
newspapers. The represented bibliography of his works includes 85 positions.
368
.

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2014. . 18. . 369386.

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Anna YANENKO
DEFENCE OF PROMOTION THESIS TOWARD ORIGIN OF EXCHANGE IN PRIMITIVE
SOCIETY IN UKRAINE BY KYRYLO KORSHAK WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF
METHODOLOGICAL DEBATES IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 1930s
In the article the material of defence of promotion thesis Toward origin of exchange in
primitive society in Ukraine by Kyrylo Korshak is introduced for scientific use. Applicants and
official opponents speeches as well as a scientific discussion about the thesis are analyzed within the
context of methodological debates in the first half of the 1930s concerning methodical approaches and
agendas of archaeological research, which purpose was replacement of positivism platform by
Marxist-Leninist.
386
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Fig. 2. Materials from the tomb of GAC near the village
Ivannya Rivne region., 1969 (by: , 1973, p. 68): , 1, 6 bowls; 4, 5 fragments of vessels; 3, 7, 8 globular .
amphoras; 2 disc-amulet with engraved scene on it (1, 38 ceramics, 2 amber)

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Fig. 3. Kharytonivtsi (Uhrynkivtsi I), 1967. Tomb II (view from the east side) (by: , 1968, p. 51)
( ) ( ) [, 1973,
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; 2 ; 3 ; 4 ; 5 ; 6
Fig. 4. Mezhyrichchya, 1978. Plans and the cuts of the dwellings III and IV (by: , 1979, p. 57): I
III plan and the cuts of the lines and of the dwelling III; IVVI plan and the cuts of the lines
and of the dwellings IV. 1 modern horizon and humus; 2 black soil; 3 sandy loam; 4 mainland; 5
the edge of the quarry; 6 charcoal

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Fig. 5. Kharytonivtsi (Uhrynkivtsi I), 1967. Materials from the
, tomb II (by: , 1968,, 1968a, p. 51). 1, 2 flint axes;
- 36 bone belt buckles; 7, 11 lid and amp hora from the burial
5; 8, 9, 12 lid, vessel and amphora from the burial 2; 10
vessel from the burial 1; 13 amp hora from the burial 4
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; 110 ; 111 ; 112 -; 113 ; 114
Fig. 6. Distribution map of the eastern group of the Globular Amphora Culture monuments (by: ,
1983, p. 11): the burials of the Volyn local variant; the burials of the Podilsk local variant;
settlements; separate findings. The question mark near a corresponding point determines the site as not
enough reliable
394
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Corded Ware and Globular Amphorea North-East of the Carpathies. London. 227 p.
Kateryna YUKHIMCHUK
IGOR SVESHNIKOVS CONTRIBUTION TO THE GLOBULAR AMPHORA CULTURE
RESEARCHES
The article examines life and scientific activity of Igor Sveshnikov famous Ukrainian
archaeologist. In particular, his archaeological researches and scientific achievements in the study of
the eastern group of the Globular Amphora Culture in Western Ukraine are demonstrated. The aim of
the work is to describe and systematize sights, that were researched by I. Sveshnikov, to consider their
interpretation in the context of the old history of Centrally-East Europe, to find out the value of the
archaeological researches of the scientist in a study of the Globular Amphora Culture. The author of
the article does not try to give a detailed analysis of the scientific ideas of the scientist, and their
development according to modern conceptions, but only presents general description of
. Sveshnikovs researches of the Globular Amphora Culture in the context of the history of
archaeological science.
399
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(26.01.1928 21.11.1994). . ,
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VII .
Fig. 1. Vitold Aulikh (50-th of XX century)
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.
, ,
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,
.
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Fig. 2. View on the settlement Ripniv I. Photo made by V. Aulikh. 1955
. , ,
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VVII . .. ,
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, , (1988)
Fig. 3. Group of archaeologists on the background of Hill-fort in Zymne. From left to right: Vitold Aulikh,
Volodymyr Petegyrych, Petro Dovgan, Denys Kozak (1988)
1968 . .
. -.
(4,655,45 ), VIII
. IX . .,
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Fig. 4. Hill-fo rt in Bilev. Photo made by V. Aulikh. 1966
,
, 1969 .
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Fig. 5. Hill-fort of annalistic Dorogobuzh. Photo made by V. Aulikh. 1968
. 30 ,
, ,
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1959
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. 5458.
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// 1969 . . . IV. . 294298.
VIVII . . . 124 .
VIIX . //
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//
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. 5557.
..
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1963
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381.
1967
// 1966 . . . 249250.
1969
// 1968 . . . 327329.
1972
//
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1988
// Slavia ntigua.
1988. . XXX. . 8791.
1990
// , (
). . . 122124.
1990 // , (
). . . 8789.
1990 VIII . // ,
( ). . . 6877.
1990 // , (
). . . 9396.
405
.., ..
1976
I . ..

. . . 127132.
.., .., .., ..
1988
// 1986 . . . 253254.
.., ..
1972
// 1971. . . 367368.
.
2010
// . . 14. . 1115.
., .
1998
( 70- )
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Aulich W.
1970
Der slawishe Burgwall aus dem 67 Jahrhundert U.Z. Ort Zimne in Westwolhynien
I Miedzynarodowy Kongres Archeologii Sowiaskiej. WarszawaKrakwWrocaw. T. III.
S. 2833.
//
//
//
Volodymyr PETEGYRYCH
VITOLD AULIKH AND HIS CONTRIBUTION INTO THE STUDYING OF
ARCHEOLOGY OF VOLHYNIA OF SLAVONIC AND MEDIEVAL PERIODS
Scientific activity of Vitold Aulikh connected with research of archaeology of Slavonic and
Early Medieval periods in Volhynia is analyzed at the article. Special importance of Ripniv settlement,
Zymne hill-fort and other sites for studying of material culture, economy, social relations and tribal
affiliation of population of Volhynia during this period is emphasized.
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408
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[ , . 1, . 1,
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Fig. 9. Letter From Wojceh Budzinski-Kriczka
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Kultura wysocka. Krakw. 202 s.
1936
Scytowie na zachodnim Podolu. Prace Lwowskiego Towarzystwa Prehistorycznego. Lww.
Oxana ADAMYSHYN
SCIENTIFIC CONTACTS OF RESEARCHERS OF THE DEPARTMENT
OF ARCHAEOLOGY OF INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF AS OF USSR WITH
SCIENTISTS FROM COUNTRIES OF WESTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE IN 19501960-TH
A brief overview of the formation and development of contacts of scientist of the Department
of archeology of the Ivan Krypiakevych Institute of Ukrainian Studies of NAS of Ukraine with their
European colleagues during 195060's are presented at this article. Forms of scientific communication,
which were realized at the correspondence, exchange by scientific literature, participation at
conferences, regular visits of researchers to each other for examination of archaeological collections
are traced. Contribution of scientific collaboration of Lviv archaeologists with leading institutions of
European countries and its importance for the development of archaeological science during period
after World War II is revealed.
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100-

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE

MATERIALS AND STUDIES

904 (477.8) (082)

904 (477.8) (082)

Larysa Krushelnytska. Instead of prelude ......

PROBLEMS. HYPOTHESES. SUMMARIES

MUSEUM COLLECTIONS. PARTICULAR FINDS

FROM THE HISTORY OF ARCHAEOLOGY

CRITICAL REVIEWS. CHRONICLES

Fig. 6. Plan and profile Yu. Zakharuk's drawin g at the diary

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. 20. . IV, 1982 .

. 22. . IV, 1982 .

. 25. . IV, 1982 .

. 26. . IV, 1982 . (: . , 1983)

. 27. . IV, 1982 .

. 29. . IV, 1982 .

. 30. . IV, 1982 .

. 31. . IV, 1982 .

. 32. . IV, 1982 .

krdla P., Nikolajev P. Preliminary comparison of Kulychivka...

krdla P., Nikolajev P. Preliminary comparison of Kulychivka...

krdla P., Nikolajev P. Preliminary comparison of Kulychivka...

krdla P., Nikolajev P. Preliminary comparison of Kulychivka...

krdla P., Nikolajev P. Preliminary comparison of Kulychivka...

krdla P., Nikolajev P. Preliminary comparison of Kulychivka...

krdla P., Nikolajev P. Preliminary comparison of Kulychivka...

krdla P., Nikolajev P. Preliminary comparison of Kulychivka...

Meignen L., Geneste J.M., Koulakovskaia L. and Sytnik A.

krdla P., Nikolajev P. Preliminary comparison of Kulychivka...

Paleolityczna ekumena strefy pery- i

Andriy BOGUCKI, Olexandr SYTNYK,

. 2. . (: Sulimirski, 1968, lan 5:2)

. 3. . (: Sulimirski, 1968, lan 4:1)

[Sulimirski, 1935, p. 22; 1959, s. 349],

(. 7) [Sulimirski, 1959, p. 349].

. 10. . (1), (2) 4. 1 ; 2 ; 3

2009, s. 199, 230, ryc. 133:4; 137].

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Akta grodzkie i ziemskie

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Olexandr SYTNYK, Andriy BOGUCKI,

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