UOP Selexol Technology

for Acid Gas Removal

TM

2009 UOP LLC. All rights reserved.

UOP 5241F-01

Main Points of Presentation

Overview of the Selexol process
Natural gas applications
Syngas applications
Selexol operation Coffeyville Resources
UOP Experience and Technical Services
Summary

UOP 5241F-02

What is the Selexol Process?

Absorption/regeneration process for selective
removal of H2S, COS, RSH & CO2
- Uses a physical solvent
- Loading directly proportional to partial pressure
- Uses a typical solvent-extraction flow-scheme
Product Quality
- Can be essentially sulfur free
- Project specific CO2 capture and quality
- Project specific acid gas H2S concentration

UOP 5241F-03

Solvent Loading Comparison

Solvent Loading

Physical

Chemical

High acid
gas partial
pressures in
syngas are
ideal for
physical
solvent
application

Partial Pressure

UOP 5241F-07

Selexol Process Dos and Donts

Dos

Don'ts

Selective H2S removal

Rich HC Steams

Total Sulfur removal

Low Acid Gas Partial

(COS, CS2, RSH)

CO2

Pressures

removal / capture

Natural Gas Applications

Synthesis Gas

Purification
Acid gas removal with

simultaneous
dehydration
Landfill gas treating
UOP 4375A-26

Selexol Solvent Characteristics

Relative Selectivity
Hydrogen

Methane

H 2S
CH3SH
CO2
CO
COS

~ 135
~ 340
~9
~0.43
~35

~ 680
~1700
~45
~2.2
~175

High Selectivity of H2S over CO2 allows:

- Selective absorption of H2S in the Absorber
- Enhanced recovery of CO2 in flash drum
- Minimizes CO2 in acid gas
- Lowers SRU costs
- Higher power production
Good Selectivity for CO2 over H2
- Supports separate CO2 production
- Minimizes downstream H2 purification

UOP 5241F-04

Selexol Solvent Characteristics

High Selectivity of H2S over CO2 allows:
- Selective absorption of H2S in the Absorber
- Enhanced recovery of CO2 in flash drum
- Minimizes CO2 in acid gas,
- Lowers SRU costs
- Higher power production
Good Selectivity for CO2 over H2
- Supports separate CO2 production
- Minimizes downstream H2 purification

UOP 5241F-05

Additional Selexol Process Benefits

Low corrosion rates

- No formation of heat-stable salts
Minimal process effluents
- Reclaiming and/or purging of solvent not required
Protection of downstream equipment
- Metal Carbonyls are captured by Selexol

UOP 5241F-06

Main Points of Presentation

Overview of the Selexol process
Natural gas applications
Syngas applications
Selexol operation Coffeyville Resources
UOP Experience and Technical Services
Summary

UOP 5241F-08

Natural Gas Feed Composition

Natural Gas

Composition Ranges (volume %)

Methane

~20 to 99

Ethane
Propane
Butane
Pentane
C6 to C40+

~0 to 10
~0 to 6
~0 to 3
~0 to 3
~0 to 1

Carbon dioxide

ppm to >80%

Total Sulfur

ppm to >20%

Water
Mercury

saturated
ppb

New gas discoveries typically contain more CO2 & H2S

than existing sources
UOP 5241F-09

Selexol Process
for Natural Gas Applications

More effective at acid gas partial pressures above

50 psi in the feed
Particularly effective at high acid gas partial
pressure conditions and for bulk removal
Selective removal of H2S if desired
The heavy hydrocarbon(C4+) concentration should
be low, preferably limited to 1 vol%.

UOP 5241F-10

Selexol Flowscheme
Bulk Acid Gas Removal

Lean Solution
Filter

Treated
Gas
Absorber
Feed
Gas

CO2

UOP 5241F-11

Selexol Advantages in NG Applications

Little or no energy required for solvent regeneration

Inert gas can be used for solvent stripping if
required
Selexol treating also aids in dew point reduction
Can be used with or without refrigeration

UOP 5241F-12

Main Points of Presentation

Overview of the Selexol process
Natural gas applications
Syngas applications
Selexol operation Coffeyville Resources
UOP Experience and Technical Services
Summary

UOP 5241F-13

Gasification Project Objectives

Past

Present

Future

Power

Hydrogen

Other
Products
CO2 Capture

UOP 5241F-14

Syngas Applications
Typical Flow-schemes
Sulfur removal only

Typically for power applications where sulfur

removal to 10 to 20 ppmv
One solvent absorber with solvent regeneration
Sulfur removal with separate CO2 removal and capture

Used for hydrogen, chemical and coal to liquids

applications
Independent absorbers with common solvent
regeneration

UOP 5241F-15

Selexol Flowscheme for Sulfur Removal

Treated
Gas

Lean Solution
Filter

Acid
Gas

H2S
Stripper

Reflux
Accumulator
Makeup
Water

H2S
Absorber
H2S
Concentrator

Feed
Gas
Packinox
Exchanger

Reflux
Pump

Export
Water

Stripper
Reboiler

UOP 5241F-16

Selexol Flowscheme
for Sulfur Removal and CO2 Capture
Treated
Gas
CO2
Absorber

CO2
Lean
Solution
Filter
Sulfur
Absorber
Feed
Gas

H2S
Stripper

Acid
Gas
Reflux
Accumulator

Makeup
Water

H2S
Concentrator

Packinox
Exchanger

Reflux
Pump Export

Water
Stripper
Reboiler

UOP 5241F-17

Requirements for Syngas Applications

Processing Requirements:

Addressed by Selexol?

Efficient sulfur recovery

High overall sulfur

Facilitate production of
co-products
High reliability
CO2 capture with H2
to gas turbine
Improved sulfur block
economics

recovery (> 99.75%)

Bulk CO2 removal if
necessary
No Metal Carbonyls or
Solvent Issues
High CO2 selectivity with
H2 in Syngas applications
Reduces overall costs by
>4%

Selexol technology meets all requirements !

UOP 5241F-18

Main Points of Presentation

Overview of the Selexol process
Natural gas applications
Syngas applications
Selexol operation Coffeyville Resources
UOP Experience and Technical Services
Summary

UOP 5241F-19

Coffeyville Resources
Coffeyville, Kansas, USA
Gasification Ammonia Complex

UOP 5241F-20

Coffeyville Resources Ammonia

Fertilizer Complex
Feedstock:
45 MT/H petroleum coke
EPC Contractor:
Black & Veatch Pritchard
Commercial Operation: July 2000
Process Licensors
Gasification:
Gas Purification Block:
- Acid Gas Removal:
- H2 Purification:

Sulfur:
Air Separation:
Ammonia / UAN:

ChevronTexaco
Selexol
Polybed PSA

Black & Veatch Pritchard

BOC
Ammonia Casale / Weatherly

UOP 5241F-21

Coffeyville Resources Ammonia

Fertilizer Complex
Complex converts petroleum coke to syngas
for production of ammonia (21 T/H) and urea
ammonium nitrate solution (62 T/H) with sulfur
byproduct.
Uses UOP Gas Purification Block
- Removal of acid gases in a 2-stage Selexol unit with
-

refrigerated solvent
H2S and CO2 are captured separately with hydrogen
product sent to the ammonia synthesis plant and CO2
sent to the UAN plant
Final H2 purification in Polybed PSA unit

UOP 5241F-22

Coffeyville Block Flow Diagram

Air

Air Separation
Unit

NH3
Product
N2

O2

Ammonia
Synthesis

High Purity Hydrogen

Polybed
PSA

Raw H2

Syngas
Scrubbing

Purified CO2
CO2
Purification

CO2 Vent
Raw
CO2

Tail Gas
Quench
Gasification

UAN
Product

UAN Plant

CO Shift &
Gas Cooling

Selexol
2-Stage
Unit

Acid
Gas

Petroleum Coke
Claus Plant
UOP Technologies

UOP 5241F-23

Coffeyville Design Basis

Feed Stream Specifications
Feed Flowrate
169,000 Nm3/hr
Pressure
36.9 bar-a
Temperature
38 C
Component
H2
CO
CO2
H2S and COS
CH4, Ar, & N2 ~ 1
H2O

(151 MM SCFD)
(535 psia)
(100 F)

Mole %
> 56
~ 1.2
~ 41
~ 0.6
Saturated

UOP 5241F-24

Coffeyville Design Basis

Stream Specifications Product
Raw H2 Product
Flowrate
Product Purity

101,900 Nm3/hr (90 MM SCFD)

93 mole % H2 (minimum)

Raw CO2 Product

Flowrate
Product Purity

CO2 Removed
Acid Gas
Product Purity

11,900 Nm3/hr (10.6 MM SCFD)

95 mole % CO2 (minimum)

~ 94 %
44 mole % H2S (minimum)

UOP 5241F-25

Coffeyville Actual Operations

Operating Results
Raw H2 to PSA Design
DesignActual
- H2, %
- CO2, %
- H2S, ppm
- COS, ppm

Actual

93
NA
NA
NA

> 93
<5
<1
<1

Raw CO2 to UAN

- CO2, %
95
- H2S, ppm
NA
- COS, ppm
NA

> 95
<1
< 10

Units met all process requirements !

UOP 5241F-26

Main Points of Presentation

Overview of the Selexol process
Natural gas applications
Syngas applications
Selexol operation Coffeyville Resources
UOP Experience and Technical Services
Summary

UOP 5241F-27

Selexol Process
Commercial Experience
Over 60+ operating units
- Both Natural Gas and Gasification applications
4 Recent Gasification Applications in Operation
- Sarlux Italy IGCC Power plus H2
- API Italy IGCC Power
- Coffeyville Resources - USA -NH3/UAN
- OptiCanada Oil Sands Canada H2 plus fuel
Multiple large units in engineering phase
- Residue gasification for H2 production, Oil Sands Canada
- Other gasification projects 9 poly Generation projects)
Power
NH3
Coal to liquids
Methanol
SNG
UOP 5241F-28

Technical Service
Guaranteed Performance
Project Design
Training & Start-up
On-going Optimization & Innovation

Before
Training
HAZOP

During
Unit Checkout
On-Site Training
Test Run

After
Continuing Services
Data Link Access
to Process Experts
Remote Process
Monitoring
Analytical Support

Symposia
Process Training
Turnaround Service
Inspection
UOP 5241F-29

Selexol Process-Summary
The Selexol process is a proven licensed technology
Selexol technology has unique capabilities for acid gas
removal applications
Relative selectivity allows for high quality project
specific product streams
Effective removal of all sulfur species
Simultaneous dehydration of feed streams
Can be an economically attractive option for Natural Gas
applications
UOP can assist you in optimizing and maximizing the
value of your project

UOP 5241F-30

Selexol Process Summary

The Selexol process is a proven licensed
technology
Selexol technology has unique capabilities for
acid gas removal applications
Relative selectivity allows for high quality
project specific product streams
Effective removal of all sulfur species
Simultaneous dehydration of feed streams
Can be an economically attractive option for
Natural Gas applications
UOP can assist you in optimizing and
maximizing the value of your project

UOP 5241B-37

UOP 5241F-31