mare Atseues Ke CEM 434 Exam 4 (100 pts) September 12, 2014 1 (5 pts). Describe two analytical detection figures of merit that reflect the quality of a — Seusibinty = slaps) he aargouse Crust (dre 0, Keil ) linc Ndekectiet = Minn ee. défsdeble ata Sz. 2 (10 pts). Describe the three methods that are used to relate an instrument signal to an analyte concentration. Under what conditions would it be appropriate to use each method? Cckemal Sendards — Acesghable whan wabie 5 not ‘ote Shanda Addchn — Useful where watries Crugle coe Ase enh Mot Hla Sols acd ade C spiking Tabual shusdard - ths anal sigial ty ral dlau addod oie ee 3 (15 pts). For the following data, determine the sensitivity of the measurement, the linear dynamic range and the reproducibility (relative standard deviation). 5 Atrazine (mM) tor Respo! = srazine Detector Response Pepi (aude RSD = z 2.0 0.150 2.0 0.148 20602 een 2.0 0152 Je $100? _ 3 x10 xo 40 0.294 uso = 6.0 0.434 8.0 0.70 LD@ = 2-18 mM 10.0 0.704 12.0 0.706 14.0 0.705 Seasitinth, Steed date few 2tomM shpe = 40x10" oi a4. (5 pts) For an instrument response time of at least 4.6 x 10° s, what instrument bandwidth would be needed for the electronics? = i [ 0? H ne = 3B) Gun) ~ a [ 5. (5 pts) For the following data and assuming the noise is random, what is the S/N ratio: 0.0035, 0.0038, 0.0033, 0.0034. 0.00377 6. (5 pts) What two approaches are often easy to implement and quite successful at reducing instrumental noise (e.g., environmental noise)? Cheba qtouuduics Shabduin, wa tareday Cag 7. (6 pts) Chemical analysis is affected by two types of noise, one of them being chemical noise. What are some sources of chemical noise? Crue) Hermite, Charags ts Feupesnehiin Orygagr seusihiacty 8. (5 pts) What is the effect on thermal noise of decreasing the response time of an cnet 2! a) af i oe = {tk Ras . 5 (ae = 33,107 He oS, 38 =k” 2" Fea) . Nose mereae {Be scot 4 Paver Usk duewant OU otur Yuu caued A 2)9. (10 pts) The following data were obtained for a voltage measurement, in mV, on a noisy system: 1.37, 1.84, 1.35, 1.47, 1.10, 1.73, 1.54, 1.08. Assuming the noise is random, what is the signal-to-noise ratio? How many measurements would have to be averaged to increase S/N to 10? s = meen Wd 5B Ss ZComassuels)= Ade Zpx0! ~ Gi (3) n (Ap 0 WLAN APO (3). 53 eRe Ng = (Bete) = D4 meanest 10. (6 pts) Describe what chromatographic methods are and how are they useful analytically? Cheomalrirrhie mutheds = Sed) labeat tech useing Lm Yu Sepauchon S) mix tines nee Plu Calud metil phase. Separttim © Hected on a otechrtay Vere : Much paced Lechner fur Sap ance tins awelegas ae adngley muiekin pro % ditch, 41. (6 pts) Describe what the general elution problem is. How is this problem solved in gas chromatography? TS is Hu prrblowy f adjustig Yn aiteutirt tui Ceegacty a to Luge yu vecsoluon Arhuon. cus paur 4 setuitee pray Lead % rmacep bald, fag och tale h olla Sotutea , T+ Ha Potton burcliiy G sult Set ae wl adil wa a pth ’ 42. (6 pts) What is 4 eae Cee eae : Ae Caddy diblesunn ov Yor tees H-A+ 84 Cu ‘atlacy con Us ruoble lose Bez Derg: Pactual bitlusun Linon — C= Dhabi plan yess cm/s reaapect