111Equation Chapter 1 Section 1Phng

trnh iu ch mt s cht hu c
c bit

1. Metan
+) T nhm cacbua: Al4C3 + 12H2O 4Al(OH)3 + 3CH4
(iu ch Al4C3: 2Al2O3 + 9C

2000C

Ni
500C

+) T C v H2 : C + 2H2

+) CH3COONa + NaOH

Al4C3 + 6CO)

CH4
CaO
t C

Na2CO3 + CH4

2. Buta-1,3-ian (ivinyl)
+) ehiro ha butan hoc buten nhit cao (

t xtC

600C

) c mt cht xc tc (Cr2O3/Al2O3)

t xtC

C4H10

C4H6 + 2H2 ; C4H8

C4H6 + H2

+) ehiro ha v ehirat ha etanol c xc tc (ZnO hoc MgO hoc Al2O3)

/ Al2O3

MgO
400 500 C

2C2H5OH

CH2=CHCH=CH2 + H2 + H2O

+) T axetilen

2CHCH

Pd,Ht 2C

CuCl / NH 4Cl
80 C

CH2=CHCCH

CH2=CHCH=CH2

CHCH + 2HCHO HOCH2CCCH2OH

C4H6

H2
Ni ,t C

HOCH2CCCH2OH

3. Axetilen
+) T t n : CaC2 + 2H2O > C2H2 + Ca(OH)2
(iu ch CaO: CaO + 3C
+) T metan: 2CH4

l in

lmlnh nhanh

CaC2 + CO
C2H2 + 3H2

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2H 2O

h quang in

+) T C v H2: 2C + H2

C2H2

4. Benzen v toluen
+) ehiro ha ng vng hexan v heptan

CH3(CH2)4CH3

Cr2O3 / Al2O3
500C ,40atm

CH3(CH2)5CH3

xt
t C , p

C6H6 + 4H2

C6H5CH3 + 4H2

xt
t C , p

+) hiro xiclohexan hoc metyl xiclohexan: C6H12

C6H6 + 3H2

C
600 C

+) Trime ha axetilen: 3C2H2

C6H6

5. Ancol metylic

Cu
t C , p

+) T metan : 2CH4 + O2

2CH3OH

Zn
500 C ,200atm

+) T CO v H2 : CO + H2

CH3OH

xt
t C , p

( CO + H2

CH3OH + C2H5OH + C3H7OH + )

6. Ancol etylic
+) T tinh bt : (C6H10O5)n

H 2O ,enzim

nC6H12O6

enzim

2nC2H5OH (ln men ru)

7. Glyxerol

CH3CH=CH2

Cl2
500C

CH2ClCH=CH2

Cl2 H 2 O

CH2ClCHOHCH2Cl

8. Phenol

+) T cumen: C6H5CH(CH3)2

O2 kk
H 2 SO4

C6H5OH + CH3COCH3

9. Fomanhit (anhit fomic)

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H 2O
OH

Glyxerol

2 :600C

NOV2/ONO
5 :200C

+) T metan : CH4 + O2

HCHO + H2O

tCu
C
+) T metanol : 2CH3OH + O2

2HCHO + H2O

10. Axetanhit (anhit axetic)

+) T axetilen: C2H2 + H2O

Hg
80 C

CH3CHO

+) T eilen: 2CH2=CH2 + O2

PdCl2 / CuCl2
500 C

2CH3CHO

11. Axeton

t C

+) T canxi axetat khan : (CH3COO)2Ca

CH3COCH3 + CaCO3

O2 kk
H 2 SO4

+) T cumen: C6H5CH(CH3)2

C6H5OH + CH3COCH3

12. Axit fomic

CO + NaOH

t C

HCOONa

2HCOONa + H2SO4 2HCOOH + Na2SO4

13. Axit axetic
+) Ln men gim : C2H5OH + O2

+) T etilen: 2CH2=CH2 + O2

men gim

CH3COOH + H2O

PdCl2 / CuCl2
100 C ,30atm

2CH3COOH

+) T nbutan: CH3CH2CH2CH3 +

5
2 O2

xt
t C , p

2CH3COOH + H2O

+) Chng ct g (khan) :
G

chng khan ( khng O2 ) 500

dung dch Ca(OH )2 , c cn

CH3OH , CH3COOH, CH3COCH3

(CH3COO)2Ca + H2O

H 2 S O 4 , chng ct

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CH3COOH


+) T metylic : CH3OH + CO

xt
t C , p

CH3COOH

14. Anilin

FetHCl
C
+) T nitrobenzen: C6H5NO2 + 6H

C6H5NH2 + 2H2O

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