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Silent Letter Rules - Learning and Teaching Silent Letters in English
Silent Letter Rules - Learning and Teaching Silent Letters in English
SilentLetterRules:LearningandTeachingSilentLettersinEnglish
writtenby:SonalPanseeditedby:TriciaGossupdated:12/27/2013
KnowingtherulesforsilentletterscanhelpyoudevelopabetterunderstandingoftheEnglishlanguage.Thelettersthataretobesilent
aredeterminedinthecontextofwheretheyoccurintheword,andknowingwhennottopronouncealetterisamatterofstudyand
practice.
WhyDoWeNeedThem?
InmanyEnglishwords,youwillcomeacrosssomelettersthatarespelledyetnotpronounced.Theseunpronouncedbutvisiblelettersare
knownassilentletters.TheyoccurfrequentlyintheEnglishlanguageandusuallymakelifedifficultforthe
newlearner.Whydoweneedtohavesuchlettersinawordinthefirstplace?That'sagoodquestion,and
answersvary:Sometimesadigraphchangesrelativetothewordetymology.Somewordswithsilentletters
comefromaforeignlanguage.Rightnow,wewilltakeonlyacursorylookatwhichlettersinwordsareto
remainmute,andwewilllookatsomesilentletterrulesthatwillhelpusrecognizewhencertainlettersareto
besilent.Togetagoodgroundinginsilentlettersapartfromknowingtherules,itwillhelptoreadextensively
inEnglish.
SilentLetters
Let'stakealookatsomerulesforsilentletters:
1.TheletterBisusuallysilentwhenusedaftertheletterMandalsobefore
theletterT.
ExamplesbeforeM:Jamb,Lamb,Comb,Tomb
ExamplesbeforeT:Subtle,Doubt
2.TheletterCissilentwhenusedbeforetheletterZandsometimeswhen
usedbeforetheletterLandtheletterK.
ExamplesbeforeZ:Tzar,Czarina,Czechoslovakia
ExamplebeforeL:Muscle
ExamplesbeforeK:Block,Puck
3.TheletterDissilentwhenitappearsbeforetheletterNandthenalsobeforetheletterG.
ExamplebeforeN:Wednesday
ExamplebeforeG:Cadge
4.Let'slookattheletterE.
IfEhappenstobeattheendofaword,itisgenerallynotpronounced.
Examples:Able,Challenge,Bible
IfEhappenstooccurrightbeforetheletterDinsimplepasttenseorpastparticipleformsofverbs,Emaysometimesnotbe
pronounced.
Examples:Smuggled,Dragged,Chained
5.TheletterGissilentwhenitisusedbeforethelettersM,NandL.
ExamplesbeforeN:Deign,Reign
ExamplebeforeM:Diaphragm
ExamplebeforeL:Intaglio
6.TheletterHisoftensilentwhenitprecedesthelettersEandO,andwhenitfollowsthelettersG,RandT.
ExamplesbeforeA,E,IandO:Hallelujah,Honest,Historical
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SilentLetterRules:LearningandTeachingSilentLettersinEnglish
ExamplesafterG:Ghost,Ghirken
ExampleafterR:Myrrh
ExampleafterT:Isthmus
7.TheletterKisalwayssilentwhenitprecedestheletterN.
Examples:Know,Knock,Knife,Knight
TeachingSilentLetters
Explainwhatsilentlettersareandtherulestothestudents.Providestudentswithalistandexamplesofrulesforsilentletters.
Havethestudentscompileavocabularylistofsilentletterwords.
Havethestudentsreadthroughatextandmakeanoteofthesilentletterwordsthattheyfindinit.
Havethestudentsplaywordgamesforexample,fillinginthesilentlettersinawrittenwordorguessingwhichisthesilentletterina
spokenword.
Memorizingwordsisagoodidea,butreadingalotisevenbetter.Themorethestudentsread,themorefamiliarthey'llbecomewiththe
conceptofsilentletterrulesandthemoreadeptthey'llbecomeatusingthelanguage.
References
BBCSkillswiseSilentLettershttp://www.bbc.co.uk/skillswise/quickfind/search?keywords=silent+letters&x=1150&y=239
UsingEnglishSilentLettersQuizhttp://www.usingenglish.com/quizzes/72.html
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