Tajweed Rules for Warsh 'an Naafi

1.
Joining two surahs together, meaning joining the end of one surah with the beginning of
the next, following surah in the order of the Qur'an:
The recitation of Warsh has three allowable ways to join two surahs together:
A.

: Joining the first surah with the next following surah with a basmalah
at the beginning of the new surah. A reminder, it is not allowed to recite the
last aayah of the first surah and join it with the basmalah then stop, then read
the first aayah of the next following surah. Any other combination is allowed
of joining or cutting off and breathing. This way of joining of two surahs is not
allowed between surah Al-Anfaal and surah At-Tawbah, since surah AtTawbah has no basmalah.
Some scholars of recitation chose the basmalah before the four Zuhr suwar
for those using the way of sakt for other suwar (plural of surah). The four
Zuhr are: Al-Qiyaamah, Al-Balad, Al-MuTaffifeen, Al-Humazah.

B.

A breathless pause between last word of the last aayah of the first
surah and the first aayah of the next following surah with no basmalah.

C.

: Joining the last words of the first surah with the first words of the
following surah with no basmalah.

2.
Warsh reads

in surah Al-Faatihah aayah 4 with no alif in the word

3.

Warsh makes
word

phrase:

starts

of the dhammah on the plural

with

hamzah

al-

qata

if the first letter of the following

,

an

example

is

the

, which is found in more than one place in the Qur'an, one of

them being aayah 62 of surah Al-Baqarah (2:62).

as all of the

The length of the

is the same

mudood for Warsh, six vowel counts.

) The pronoun or direct object

(also referred to as

In normal circumstances, the recitation of Warsh follows the same rules that Hafs does for
the
. There are however, special words or word combinations that different ways
of recitation read in different ways. The following are these word combinations and how they
are
read
in
the
recitation
of
Warsh.
A. The

of the word

in the phrase

in Al-A-Araaf aayah 111

(7:111) and Ash-Shu3ara' aayah 26 (26:36) is read as

the

and lengthening of

with a kasrah on

two vowel counts.

B. Similarly the following words are read with a kasrah on the

:

as:

for

C. The

An-Naml

are

which
for

, but no

and
read

and

5.

and

is read with a kasrah on the

following words:
they

and a

as:
in Al-FatH.

The lengthenings

are

read

An-Noor.
in the

, so
in

Al-Kahf

Both
recitation of Warsh.

and

are lengthened six vowel counts in the

i.
There are three allowable lengths for: two, four and six vowel counts. Examples of this would

be the

in:

Included are words ending in

words:

such as:

or when stopping on the

from the phrase:

*There are factors that are interdependent with this rule and must be observed or not observed
depending on which length for the

is used. These factors will be discussed later.

Exceptions to the lengthening of the

four and six vowel counts- meaning there is no
lengthening of four and six vowel counts in these cases :

A.

The word Israaeel,

B. After a pure sukoon (

) such as the word

C. After a hamzah wasl where a

D. Another exception is

has occurred due to starting the word, as in:

no matter what form it takes.

E. An alif changed from a tanween fat-hah when stopping on a word ending with a hamzah, such
as

, is not considered a

the

, and just the normal two count lengthening of

is observed.

F. Some scholars of recitation (but not all) also give exception to the four and six vowel
count

in

the

words:

1.

with the questioning hamzah preceding the word; the

the

one

2. The word

in question here is

after

in the combination

the

saakinah.

: in surah An-Najm 50 (53:50)

(continued from lesson 2)

ii.

- The leen letter followed by a hamzah

This is a leen letter followed by a hamzah, is lengthened four or six vowel counts when
continuing

or

Exceptions: Warsh
as:

reads

stopping.
the

word:

in

etc., with a shortening (

and
vowel

, and

Example:
all

its

various

of

There is no lengthening of

the

leen

forms,

) of the leen and

(two, four and six vowel counts) of the

counts)

with

of

such

(shortening)
; and

(four

the

followed by a hamzah by the way of recitation of Warsh

in the words:
in aayah 8 of surah At-Takweer (81:8), the
being
unchanged, just the leen is affected by this exception ; and likewise the word
which

is

the

last

word

in

aayah

58

of

surah

Al-Kahf

(18:58).

Conditions: If the
is lengthened two or four counts, the leen al-mahmooz can only
be four counts, if the medd badl is lengthened six counts then the leen al-mahmooz can
be lengthened four or six counts. The chart below summarizes these conditions

6.

Two Hamzahs meeting in one word

There are three ways that two hamzahs

meet in one word, the first
hamzah always has a fat-hah, the second hamzah is either another fat-hah, a
kasrah, or a dhammah. Examples of these three combinations are:
with fat-haat on both hamzahs;

with a fat-hah on the

first hamzah and kasrah on the second hamzah; and

which has a
fat-hah on the first hamzah and a dhammah on the second hamzah.
When there are two consecutive hamzahs in a word, Warsh makes
of the
second hamzah, which means reading it in between a hamzah and between the
letter that corresponds with the vowel on the hamzah. The hamzah with a fat-hah
therefore would be read between a hamzah and an alif, the hamzah with a kasrah
would be read between a hamzah and a
would be read between a hamzah and a

, and the hamzah with a dhammah

.

There is a second allowed way for Warsh when there is a fat-hah on both hamzaat
such as in the word
. This second allowed reading is
(change)
of the second hamzah to an alif. When there is a sukoon on the letter following the
second hamzah as in the example

, the resultant medd from the

hamzah changed into an alif would be six vowel counts, as in

exception to this second allowed way is in the word:
Ha, and Ash-Shuraa, and the word
allowed in these words and only the way of

A.

. An

in surah Al-Araaf, Ta-

in surah Az-Zukhruf. The

is not

of the second hamzah is observed.

A repeated question with two hamzahs

If a question is repeated in a phrase with two hamzahs such as the words in the
phrase :

,
then Warsh reads with a question for the first of the two (
proclamation (
above as:

) and with a

) for the second of the two; meaning he reads the example

. The reading of Warsh observes the rule stated

above for two hamzahs meeting in a word and reads with

of the second
hamzah. Another example of the same type of occurrence of a repeated question in
a phrase is:
The rule as stated above for two questions in a phrease is that Warsh reads the first
of the two words with
and the second with a proclamation(
.) The
rule of Warsh for two hamzas meeting in a word is the same as in all other words
like this; there is

of the second hamzah:

Exceptions:
The occurrences of two questions in a phrase in An-Naml (27:67):

and Al-Ankaboot 28-29 (29:28-29)

are read by Warsh in these two surahs with

with

on the first of the two and

on the second so that the first example in An-Naml is read by Warsh as:

and
the second example in Al-'Ankaboot is read in the same way as Hafs 'an 'Aasmin (as
written above) in regards to the question and proclamation. Warsh follows his stated

rule for two hamzahs meeting in a word in both examples, as stated at the beginning
of this lesson on the words that have two hamzahs meeting in the same word.

Warsh reads

in aayah 19 of Az-Zukhruf (43:19) as:

hamzahs and

with two

(pronouncing the hamzah clearly) on the first hamzah with a

fat-hah, and

on the second hamzah (with a dhammah).

Next lesson, insha' Allah will explain the rules for Warsh when two hamzahs occur
between two words.

7.

Two hamzahs meeting in two words

If two hamzahs meet between two words, i.e. the first hamzah is the last letter of the
first word and the second hamzah is the first letter of the second word, there are
different ways of reading the words depending on the vowels of the two different
hamzahs.
A.

Two hamzahs with agreeing vowels

If the two hamzahs have the same exact vowel, as

in:

then Warsh has two allowable ways of reading them:

1. Reading with
(with

of the second hamzah and reads the first hamzah clearly

).

2. Reading with

of the second hamzah a medd letter and a complete medd (

) of six vowel counts if the letter following is saakin, and two vowel counts (
voweled letter is after the second hamzah.
B.

Two hamzahs with different vowels

If the two hamzahs have different vowels, then there are read as follows:

)if a

If the first hamzah has a

is read with

and the second kasrah or a dhammah, the second hamzah

. Examples are:

If the first hamzah has a dhammah or a kasrah and the second hamzah has a
, then
the second hamzah is read with
, meaning it changes into a the letter that goes with
the vowel on the first hamzah. This means it changes into a
accompanying
a

in this first example:

with an accompanying

with an

and it changes into

in the following example:

If the first hamzah has a dhammah and the second has a kasrah, then there are two
allowed ways of reading, either with

of the second or

found in the following:

. An example of this is

. Both ways are allowed. If reading with

this case, the second hamzah changes into a

with an accompanying

in

End of lesson on

8.

The Single Hamzah

Warsh changes (makes

of) the hamzah saakinah that is the first letter of the root of
the word-meaning third person past tense singular- into a medd letter corresponding to
the vowel on the letter preceding the hamzah. This requires knowledge of the Arabic
language enough to derive a noun or conjugated verb into its root. An example is the
word
which has a hamzah saakinah. The root of this word is
, with a
hamzah as its first letter. Warsh therefore changes the hamzah saakinah in the
word

into a lengthened

(two vowel counts).

Exception: If the word in question comes from a derivative of the word

there is no
words:

for Warsh. Examples of words that are derivatives of

,

, and

then
are the

Warsh also changes the hamzah with a

an accompanying

) as in:

preceded by a dhammah into a

, and

(with

The three words:

,
, and
are also read with
of the hamzah in
the recitation of Warsh. In all three of these words, the hamzah is changed into a
lengthened

9.
before it

Transferring the vowel of the hamzah to the saakin letter

When the last letter of a word is not a medd letter and is saakin, and the first letter of the
next word is a
, , Warsh transfers the vowel of the hamzah to the saakin letter
before it, and the hamzah is dropped in pronunciation. Examples of this
are:

, and
or alif laam at-tareef, which is a different word than the

Included in this is the

noun it defines. Examples are:

,
, and
. When starting a word
that has a hamzah qaTa after the alif lam tareef when reading Warsh, there are two
allowed ways of reading:
a.

If it is considered as it is originally, then start with the hamzah wasl (with a

then transfer the vowel of the hamzah qaTa that follows the
. The word
b.

),

to the

is pronounced

If it is considered a conditional occurrence (because of the now voweled

then we can start with the

, with its transferred vowel and there is no need to start

with the hamzah wasl, which is used to take us to a saakin letter. The word
then pronounced as

is

If a word starting with

or

, then a

, and then a

, such as in:

there are conditions as to which way we start and how much we

can lengthen the medd badl. If we start with the

, not the hamzah al-wasl, then
we can read the medd badl with two vowel counts only. If we start with the hamzah alwasl then the three different lengths for the medd badl are allowed (2, 4 or 6 vowel
counts). [1]

Warsh has two allowable ways of reading the word

in aayah 19 of surah Al-

Haaqqah, when read in continuum; joining it with the first word of the next aayah:

a.

of the vowel on the hamzah on the word

b. Leaving out the

to the

of the word

and joining the two aayah with a sukoon on the

* If joining aayah 19 in recitation with the aayaat that follow until:

there are conditions for joining aayah 28 with 29. When
reading
,

with

of the vowel on the hamzah to the

is read with idghaam of the first

into the second. When

with the absence of

is read with

reading
first

and a

of the

between the two words.

, of surah An-Najm aayah 50, is read with idghaam of the tanween into
the

and the vowel on the hamzah of the word

is transferred to the

) with the hamzah dropped (as usual in the case of

), as in:

.
Warsh reads the following all without a sakt, and applies the appropriat rules for the
noon saakinah and tanween, as well as the laam saakinah:

[1]

There is no change with the Arabic rule for two saakin letters meeting in the recitation of Warsh, even though the laam of tareef

acquires a vowel with the

. If there is a word that has an incidental vowel before the laam of tareef with a
incidental vowel does not change and stays, just as a dropped medd letter stays the same.

, the

10.
This section refers to special saakinah letters that some of the different readers merge
the
the

saakinah of

, the

saakinah of

saakinah of

female gender, and the

which is a
of

are mentioned even when the rule is

them with

and

,
at the end of a verb denoting

, into some letters. These groups of letters

because some of the different qira'aat read

. Please note: Normal rules are applied outside these special

letters. Remember these letters are saakinah, so we are referring to

A. The

saakinah of

Warsh has
,

B. The

and

letters:
of the

with

. Warsh reads with

and

with

The

saakinah of

This includes

C.

saakinah of the word " " with the letters:

of the

of the

saakinah into the

such as in:

. He reads

saakinah and the letters:

.
The female
saakinah denoting a female gender at the end of a verb is read
into the next letter if it is a

. An example of this is in:

(Al-An'am 138) .
Warsh reads with
,

the

with the letters:

D.
Warsh reads with
,
E.

of the
,

saakinah of
,

and
,

and the letters:

,

Letters close in articulation point

Warsh conclusively reads with

one
and
two

of the
of

into the
surah

when joining aayah

Ya
Seen:

, and with

as one of

two allowable ways of reading when joining the separated letter

with the

following word: :

. The

other allowed way in the last example is with

He (Warsh) also reads with

and

of the

of the

followed by

saakinah followed by the

of the word and

of this

into the following

in the

(Al-Baqarah 284).
The straight, the imaalah, and the in between (part one)

every alif that is changed over from a

of

of aayah 42 of surah

A. Warsh has two allowed ways of reading

in the

in aayah 284 of surah Al-Baqarah with a sukoon of

phrase

with

in the words:

in the two words:

Warsh reads the word

11.

into the

in aayah 176 of surah Al-Aaraaf. He also has

words:

the

however they are formed.

Warsh reads with

the
Hud.

of the

. The definition of

, or originated from a

is

, or was written

, no matter what the make up (wazan)or weight of the word, whether it beas
or as in:

. Any word that is in the double form that takes

in the basic make up of the word, and any verb that has a

first person singular past tense will be considered

when it is put in the

. It requires knowledge of the Arabic

language to know whether a word contains

or not, especially when written as an
alif. Al-hamdu lillah, for those who are not sure, there are many reference books and the mushaf
al-qira'aat that explain which words have

The rules for

at the end of a word are only applied if the letter following in the next
word is not saakin (when reading in continuum). When stopping on a word that ends

in

we can stop with either of the two allowed ways for Warsh, which are

and
in

and we do not consider the following word, since it is not being read. For example
the

phrase:

the

reading
with
or
reading, the alif is not pronounced.

two

are only when stopping on

, and the second allowed way is reading with

between
a

and the straight alif. In

considered

in the basic make up of

when it is put in the first person singular past tense is

and can be read with

or

on the

If there is a

, these four

words are read by Warsh

only.

and a word with

reading are allowed or required: If we read

with

or any alifaat read

by both Imam Hamzah and Imam Al-Kisaaee except for four words:

,
with

is half way in

the alif is read with the sound of 75% alif and

Warsh has both allowed ways of reading for any letter that is either
with

; when continuing

. Any word that is in the double form that takes a

the word, and any verb that has a

of

the alif is read with 50% of the sound being

and 50% being an alif. In

25%

ways

is reading the alif with straightness or

The first of the two allowed ways for Warsh in

with

allowed

(a straight alif with no

four vowel counts we can only read with

in it in one phrase, the following ways of

with two vowel counts, we can only read
whatsoever) on
on

with six vowel counts, we then can read with either

. If we read

with

. If however, we read
or

on

. An

example

of

phrase

containing

both

and

if

precedes

is:

The

same

relationship

recite

with

recite
example

with

holds

true

then we can lengthen

we

two or six vowel counts, and if we

, then we can recite

this
is

of

If

with four or six vowel counts. An

found
in
the

following aayah:

The relationship of
with
is not one of restriction, so both ways of each
are allowed with the other. There would then be four possible ways of reading an aayah or
phrase that had both
of

and

and

with four or six vowel counts

with four or six vowel counts of

In an aayah with all three occurrences, meaning

,
, and
all are
present in the phrase or aayah, there would be six possible ways of reciting the aayah. The first
being

two

and

vowel

counts

for

four for

on

,four for
be:

and
six

be

six
for

four

vowel

counts

for

vowel

counts

for
vowel

. The fourth allowed way

counts
for

, and for

. The fifth allowed way

six

for

. The third allowed way would be: six vowel

, and

, six vowel counts for

would

. The second allowed way would be: four vowel counts for
, and

counts for
would

for

four

vowel

counts

for

; and the last allowed way would be six vowel counts for
vowel
counts

,
,
for

, and

for

. Examples of some aayaat with all three occurrences

are:

Insha' Allah next lesson we will continue with this chapter

11. (Continued from last lesson- number nine)

imaalah, and the in between (part two)
B.

(The

from a

The straight, the

immediately followed by an alif-meaning alif originating

, which is the last letter of the word)

Warsh reads with

of the alif on the end of a word after the letter
with this being
the only way of reading this combination. Pronouns and possessives attached to the word do not
affect the rule-which sill be applied.
Examples of this are found in the following words:

and

There is an exception however in the word:

in aayah 43 of surah al-Anfal: :

. This word has two allowed ways of recitation for the alif,
.

and

The alif that precedes a ra with a kasrah at

C.
the end of the word

There is
of this alif, without another allowed way in the recitation of Warsh. Not
included as part of the word are any direct, indirect objects, or possessives attached to the word,
so their presence does not affect the ruling. Examples of this are in the following
words:
Not

specifically

following

words:
surah at-tawbah.

the

rules,

but

included

wherever they occur,

are

the

from aayah 109 of

The qira'ah of Warsh also reads the following words with either
:

and

In

surah

An-Nisaa,

aayah

or
36,

the

word

occurs and in the same aayah there are some words ending

with

, which we know from the previous sections has two allowed ways of

recitation,
ways,
read with

or
or

. The word
when

the word

Warsh reads the following words with

in this aayah will have both allowed

is read with

and when

again can be read with either

only:

are
or

and

D.
The occurrence of two
last letter of the word and has a kasrah

separated by an alif, the second

Warsh reads this combination with the only allowed way being
the

of the first

on the alif as well as

. Examples of this are:

The chapter on
lesson, insha' Allah.

for the recitation of Warsh will be continued in the next

11. (Continued from last lesson- number ten)

imaalah, and the in between (part two)

E. 01

The straight, the

(plural of surah).

Ends of 10 special

Warsh reads with

alone the last word of the aayaat in the following

The exception to this is if there is a pronoun or possessive

words

before
and

is the

the

alif

at

the

. In this case both

end

of
and

the

aayah,

, in other
such

are allowed.

as

in

F. Special words and letters

0. The word:

(also written as

Warsh reads the letter

with

of the word

and the hamzah and alif that follows it

, wherever the word is found if it precedes a voweled letter. Examples are:

If however, a saakin follows the alif the letters are read with
and with

when stopping. Examples:

when continuing,

2. The word

This word is read with

in the Quran.

only on the alif in the recitation of Warsh wherever found

3. Opening (beginning) letters of different

Warsh reads this letter with

the surah, such as in:

when it is one of separated letters beginning

, and

This letter is also read with

beginning the
The

and

starting with:

when it is one of the separated letters

.

that are in the separated letters at the beginning of surah

Maryman

he

(plural of surah)

are read with

of the separated letters at the beginning of surah

is read by Warsh

with complete

. This is the only place in the Glorious Quran where Warsh reads

with complete

G. General comments and items to know about this section

The words stopped on either have a tanween or not, and we stop on a word according
to the rules that are laid out in this last section, and the tanween does not affect the rule
when stopping. If a word ends with an alif that could be or should be read with
,
and we are stopping on the word, the rule is employed. If however, we are not stopping
and the first pronounced letter of the next word is saakin, the alif on the end of the first
word is dropped in pronunciation and no
also stops us from employing the

is used. A tanween on the end of a word

rules on the last letter when continuing reading,

but when stopping on this same word,

reading

without stopping on the word

stopping on the word

in which
is:

would be allowed. For example, when

there is

, there is no

. Examples of tanween on the end of a word

is allowed when stopping, but there is no

, another example is:

, but when

when continuing

12.

Tafkheem and tarqeeq of the letter

A. Warsh reads with tarqeeq of the

a permanent

kasrah

in:
the
there
in:

or

by

if it has a
saakinah in

and

will not be

the

and

saakinahor kasrah that precedes the

tarqeeq

and

of

the

or

and preceded by

same

word,

a separate word. If there is a

are from a separate word, then

if

it

has

or

as

, or preposition in this case, and

voweled by other than a kasrah before the

, such

B. A saakin letter between the

and the kasrah does not stop the

having tarqeeq, such as in:

and

the saakin letter is one of the letters of

the

in the last

that has an accompanying dhammah or fat-hah there is no tarqeeq of the

as in:

as
If

. You may notice that the letter

example is written in with the word, but it is a

such

would have tafkheem.

from

, but an exception is made if

other than

; in this case,

Examples of this last rule of tafkheem are:

.
C. The

has tafkheem if it has any of the previous circumstances for tarqeeq in

the recitation of Warsh in a foreign word (

,

, and

D. There is also tafkheem of the

) , such as

.
in the recitation of Warsh if it is preceded by a

kasrah, or preceded by a saakin occurring after a kasrah, but the

is repeated

with

an

alif

in

between

the

two

Examples

are:

E. Warsh reads the word

the
F.

of aayah 7 from surah Al-Fajr with tafkheem on

.
There

word:

is

tarqeeq

of

both

when

stopping

and

continuing

in aayah 32 of surah Al-Mursalaat, in the recitation of Warsh.

in

the

G. Both tafkheem and tarqeeq of the

2:200
65:10, 77:5

are allowed in the following words:

, and 18:70, 83, 20:99 and 113, 21:48, 33:41, 37:3, and 168,

Al-Kahf (18:90)
Al-Furqan (25:22, 53)
Al-Kahf (18:71)
TaHa (20:100)
Al-Furqan (25:45)
These six above words only have tafkheem of the
with

(four vowel counts on

when being read

).

There is also both tafkheem and tarqeeq allowed on the word,

(6:71) with no restrictions as to

Al-AnAam

H. Warsh has tafkheem of the

if it is followed directly by a letter of

indirectly (meaning an alif is in between) by a letter of

, even if it meets the

conditions of tarqeeq. Examples are:

The word

, or

in surah Ash-Shu'araa', aayah 63 though can be read with either

tafkheem or tarqeeq of the

The following chart summarizes the rules of

for the recitation of Warsh:

13.

Heaviness of the

The
word

terms

and

are

synonyms.

for velarization of the letter

velarization of the . Warsh has

A.

has a

B.

is preceded by

The

scholars

tend

to

use

, and tend to use the word

of the

the
for

in the following conditions:

C. These three letters (

,
,

, or
, or

.
) have either a

If all three of these conditions are met, then there is

or a sukoon.

of the

. Examples

are:
.
There are two ways of reading the following words (meaning with tafkheem of
the

and without) because of the alif between the letter causing the tafkheem and

the
:
128 of surah an-Nissaa'.

in aayah surah al-Baqarah , and

in aayah

There are also two allowed ways of reading words fulfilling the conditions, but the
letter

is the last letter of the word, and one is stopping on it with an incidental

sukoon. Examples of this are when stopping on the following words:

If there is an alif following the

and both

and

are allowed when stopping

and/or continuing on the alif, then two ways are allowed for the
with
the

there is
. Examples:

of the

and when reading with

(Al-Baqarah 125) ,

, when reading
there is tarqeeq of

(Al-Israa 18, Al-Layl 15) .

If the only way of reciting the word is with

, then there is only tarqeeq

of

such as when stopping the end of the aayaat on the 10 special suwar that end

in

in the reading of Warsh:

(Al-Qiyaamah 31) .

14.

Attached ya indicating me or my

The
refers to extra
on the end of the word denoting a direct
object or possessive. In the specific case of the qira'aat, we pay attention to
the

which occur before

or before a
other letter.
a.

that occurs as part of a

that has a

,a

or without it, or before any

Warsh reads this attached possessive or direct object

the
when it occurs before a
which has a written
kasrah, except the words that are excluded from the rules.

There are seven

that are exceptions in the

the beginning of the next word which follows the

words with a sukoon on the

(Al-Baqarah 152)

(Al-A'raaf 143)

(At-Tawbah 49)

(Hud 47)

(Maryam 43)

(Ghaafir 26)

(Ghaafir 60)

. They are:

or a kasrah,

with a
,a

that has a

on
, or a

in

, meaning Warsh reads these

All

other

cases

accompanying

of

are read with a

There are 9 exceptions to

followed
on the

by

that

has

which are followed by a

kasrah. The normal rule for Warsh in these occurrences is that the
read with a
. They are:

an

with a
are

. The following exceptions then are read with a sukoon on the

(Al-A'raf 14)

(Al-Hijr 36) (Sad 79)

(Yusuf 33)

(Al-Qasas 34)

(Ghaafir 41)
(Ghaafir 43)

(Al-Ahqaaf 15)
(Al-Munafiqun 10)

There are two exceptions to the

followed by a
with an
accompanying dhammah. As stated at the beginning of this lesson the normal reading
for Warsh is a

on the

when followed by a

with a

dhammah. These two exceptions are read with a sukoon on the

exceptions are:

. The two

(Al-Baqarah 40)

(Al-Kahf 96)
b.

There

is

with

on

all

the

followed

by

word

beginning

in the recitation of Warsh, such as in:

(Al-Baqarah 124)
c. Warsh also reads with a

on the

hamzah al-wasl other than

read with a sukoon on the

followed by a word beginning with

except the following three phrases which are

(Al-A'raaf 144)

(Ta-Ha 30-31)

(Al-Furqan 27)

d. There is also a
on the
in the recitation of Warsh when followed by
any other letter, except the following four words in 11 places which are read with a
sukoon on the
The word

in eight places:

(Al-A'raaf 105)

(At-Tawbah 83)

(Al-Kahf 67, 72, and 75)

(Al-Anbiyaa 24)

(Ash-Shu'araa 62)

(Al-Qasas 34)

The word

in three places

(Ibrahim 22)

(Sad 23)

(Sad 69)

The word

in the aayah:

(An-Naml 20)

The word

(Nuh 28)

in:

Lesson 15.
Extra
eliminated from the writing of the Glorious
Warsh establishes these
when continuing (in pronunciation) and eliminates
(drops) them when stopping in a number of places. By establishing, it is meant that
these words are read with a

saakinah on the end when continuing. If there is a

voweled letter outside of a hamzah (

) after the established

when continuing, it is lengthened the normal two vowel counts of a

is a hamzah (

)after the established

. If there

, medd rules are applied as usual,

which is six vowel counts for Warsh. As noted in the lesson title, these
written in the words. The

saakinah

are not

are always either established or dropped in the

different qira'aat wherein the

(lesson 14) are established when both
continuing and stopping, but either saakin or voweled with a fath.
The
read by Warsh as a
following aayaat:

saakinah when continuing are in the

(Al-Baqarah 186)

(Al-Kahf 24)
(Al-i-'Imran 20)
(Al-Kahf 40)
(Hud 105)
(Al-Kahf
(Hud 46)
(Ibrahim

64)
14,

Qaaf

45)

14

and
(Al-Kahf 66)

(Al-Israa 62)
(Ta-Ha 93)
(Al-Israa 97 and Al-Kahf 17)

(Al-Hajj 25)

(Ad-Dukhan 20)
(Ad-Dukhan

(Al-Hajj 44, Saba 45, Faatir 26, al-Mulk

18)

(Al-Qasas 34)

21)

(Qaf 41)
(Al-Qamar

(An-Naml 36)

6)

(An-Naml

(Al-Qamar

36)

8)
(Al-Qamar

16,

18,

21,

30,

37,

(Saba' 13)
39)

(Ya-Seen 23)

(Al-Mulk 17)

(Al-Fajr 4-5)
(As-Saffaat 56)

(Ghaafir 15)

(Al-Fajr 9)
(Al-Fajr

15-

(Ghaafir 32)
16)
(Ash-Shuraa 32)

(Al-Fajr
17)

16-