BAKTERI PENYEBAB

GASTROENTRITIS DAN
HELICOBACTER PYLORI
OLEH :
MUHAMMAD ASAAD MAIDIN
BAGIAN MIKROBIOLOGI, FAKULTAS
KEDOKTERAN UNHAS

Enterohemorrhagic
( EHEC, VTEC )

Human carriers,
possibly catle

Enteroadherent ( EAEC )

Human carriers

Diarrhea, hemorrhagic
colitis, hemolytic-uremic
syndrome

Human GI tract

Diarrhea
Dysentery, diarrhea

Shigella dysentriae, S.
flexnery, S.boydii, S.sonnei

Human GI tract

Salmonella typhi

Cattle, poultry

Gastroenteritis

Salmonella enteritidis*
Vibrionaceae

Typhoid fever, bacteremia

Human GI tract
Seawater, seafood

Profuse, watery diarrhea

Watery diarrhea

Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus
Campylobacter and
Helicobacter

Animals, human
carriers

Diarrhea, septicemia

Campylobacter
fetus,
Unknown ETEC= enterotoxigenic;
Chronic
peptic,
EAEC=enterodherent
E.coli;
EHEC=enterohemorrhagie;
E.coli;gastritis,
G1=gastrointestinal;
VTEC=
verotoxin-producing E.coli. S. enteritidis is subclassified into hundreds
of serotypes
C.jejuni
ulecer,
gastric cancer

Klebsiella pneumoniae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphylococcus aureus
Anaerobic bacteria
Gastrointestinal

Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Escherichia coli
Salmonella species *
Shigella species
Campylobacter species
Helicobacter pylori
Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium difficile
Bacillus cereus

Urinary tract infections

Escherichia coli
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Enterobacter species
Kl;ebsiella species

Table 52-1. Noninvasive Versus Invasive Diarrhea

Noninvasive
Stool

Invasive ( Bacterial / Parasitic )

Profuse secretory
( Severe, watery )

Fever
No
Systemic
Abdominal pain
Site of infection

Yes

Dysentery (blood,mucus,PMN lukocytes

No
Yes
Mild
Severe ( carmping, tenesmus )
Small intestine
Colon

PMN = polymorphonucleaR

Tabel 52.2 . Features of specific Types of Noninvasive Bacterial

diarrhea

Incubation
( hours )

Vibrio
Cholerae

Escherichia
coli

Clostridium
prefringen
s

Bacillus
cereus*

Staphylococc
us aureus+

12 72

24 72

6 12

3 8

1 6

48 120

24 48

12 24

12 24

6 12

++++

++

++

++

++++

Duration
( Housr )
Abdominal
cramps

Diarrhea can be caused by performed toxin or by toxin elaborated in the intestine by proliferating bacteria

Vomiting

+ Diarrhea can be caused by ingestion of toxin contaminated food

Table 52-3. Features of Specific Types of Invasive

Bacterial Diarrhea

Shigella

Escherich Salmonella Yersinia

i coli
enterocoliti
ca
24 72
8 48
16

Incubation
( hours )

24 72

Duartion
(hours)

48 120

24 48

12 24

6 12

++++

++++

++

++

++

++

++

++++

++

Abdominal
pain
Vomiting
Fever

Table 52-4. Clinical and Epidemiological Features of Bacterial Food

Poisoning
Cause

Percentage
of Reported
Outbreaks

Incubatio
n Period
( hours
)

12

16

5 15

12 27

Intoxication
Bacillus cereus
Clostridium

15 25

24

12

10 24

aureus
Vibrio

Characteristic
Foods

Vomiting

Re-warmed fried
rice

Neuromuscular
Paralysis

botolinum
Staphylococcus

Clinical
Presentation

Vomiting
diarrhea
Watery diarrhea

parahaemolyticus
Infections

12

Watery diarrhea
9 15
Watery diarrhea

clostridium
perfringens

10 30

Metas, custrad,
Salads
Shellfish

6 24

Bacillus cereus
5 15

Canned foods of all

types

6 48
Dysentery

Meat, poultry,
vegetables
Meat, poultry

HELICOBACTER PYLORI
# Spiral shaped or curved negative gram
rod similar in appearance to
campylobacters, but differ sufficiently in
certain biochemical and flagellar
characteristics.
# Motile active
# On media skirrow or cocolate medium,
growing with in 3-6 hari, 37C,

# microaerofilic.
# Oxidase positive
# Catalase positive
# Strongly urease positive
(Campylobacter urease negative)
# Flagella positive

 The environment found in the mucous

layer of the gut, a transitional zone
between the anaerobic lumen and the
oxygenated mucosa
Size 3.5x o,6 um, with 1.5 wave lengths
and 4 to 7 sheated flagella at one end
of the organism.

 HP causes gastritis and peptic ulcer.

Infection with HP is a risk factor for
gastric carcinoma.
Transmission : person to person
because there is clustering with in
families.
Laboratory diagnosis:
= Gram stained smears(endoscopy or
biopsy)
=