DOROTHEA OREM’s

THEORY.

PRESENTED BY:
IV GROUP.
 AIMS
AT THE END OF THE SEMINAR STUDENTS WILL
BE ABLE TO ACQUIRE AN UNDERSTANDING OF
DOROTHEA OREM’S THEORY, MODEL AND ITS
APPLICATION TO NURSING.
 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
• At the end of the class, students will be able
to:
1) Review the history
2)Explain the development of theory.
3)Briefly discuss theory of Self care, Self care
deficit and Nursing systems.
4)Understand Orem’s view of metaparadigm.
5)Discuss its applicability to nursing process.
6) Understand the philosophy of nursing.
7) Compare with the characteristics of theory.
8) Evaluate Orem’s theory.
DOROTHEA OREM.
EDUCATION
PROVIDENCE HOSPITAL, DETROIT.
Director of school of nursing and department
of nursing.
ALUMNI ASSOCIATION AWARD FOR NURSING
THEORY.
IMAGE OF NURSING.
 DOROTHEA OREM’s THEORY …
• SELF CARE…
“Self-care is the practice of activities that individuals

initiate and perform on their own behalf in

maintaining life, health, and well-being.” (Orem)

 UNIVERSAL SELF CARE.

IT INCLUDES ACTIVITIES ESSENTIAL

FOR HEALTH AND VITALITY.
 DEVELOPMENTAL SELF
CARE
IT INCLUDES INTERVENTIONS AND
TEACHINGS TO HELP A PERSON
SUSTAIN LEVEL OFOPTIMAL
HEALTHAND WELL BEING.
HEALTH DEVIATION SELF
CARE
IT ENCOMPASSES THE VARIATIONS
IN SELF CARE WHICH MAY OCCUR
AS A RESULT OF DISABILITY,
ILLNESS OR INJURY.
THERAPEUTIC SELF CARE
DEMAND.

TSCD = USCR + DSCR + HDSCR

FACTORS AFFECTING SELF CARE REQUISITES.

AGE.
GENDER
DEVELOPMENTAL STATE
HEALTH STATE.
SOCIOCULTURAL ORIENTATION
HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
PRIMARY

FACTORS.
SECONDARY

TERTIARY
 FAMILY SYSTEM

•JOINT FAMILY

•NUCLEAR FAMILY
 PATTERN OF LIVING
 ENVIRONMENTAL
FACTORS
 RESOURCE
AVAILABILITY
SELF CARE AGENCY

CAPABILITY TO PROVIDE FOR

ONE’s OWN CARE.
 SELF CARE DEFICIT

SELF CARE IS NOT ADEQUATE

TO MEET THE KNOWN SELF
CARE DEMANDS.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
FOR SELF CARE DEFICIT
 WHOLLY COMPENSATORY

 PARTLY COMPENSATORY

 SUPPORTIVE SYSTEM
 NURSING AGENCY

…MEANS NURSE’s ABILITY

TO COMPENSATE FOR THE
LIMITATIONS OF SELF HELP.
 NURSING DIAGNOSIS

• EXISTING

• EMERGING
 OREM’s VIEW ON
METAPARADIGM

HEALTH
PERSON
ENVIRONMENT
NURSING
 APPLICATION OF THEORY
TO NURSING PROCESS
IT HAS BEEN VERY WELL SEEN
AND PROVED …THAT OREM’s
THEORY DOES HOLD
IMPORTANCE IN TODAY’s
NURSING.
STRENGTH OF OREM’S
THEORY
 WELL RESEARCHED
 ORGANIZED
 EMPOWERING
CHARACTERISTICS OF THEORY
• INTER RELATED
• LOGICAL
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION
• GENERATES HYPOTHESIS
• NURSING IS AN HELPING ART.
• USED IN VARITY OFSETTINGS
• CONSISTENT WITH OTHER THEORIES.
EVALUATION OF THEORY.
 LIMITATIONS
FOCUSES ON INDIVIDUALISM

ITS EFFECTIVE ONLY IF PERSON

ASUMES PATIENT’s ROLE
CONCLUSION
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
Orem, D.E. (1991). Nursing: Concepts of practice (4th
ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby-Year Book Inc.
Taylor, S.G. (2006). Dorthea E. Orem: Self-care deficit
theory of nursing. In A.M.
Tomey, A. & Alligood, M. (2002). Significance of
theory for nursing as a discipline and profession.
Nursing Theorists and their work. Mosby, St. Louis,
Missouri, United States of America.
Whelan, E. G. (1984). Analysis and application of
dorothea orem’s self-care practuce model. Retrieved
October 31, 2006
Hartweg, D.L. (1995). Dorthea Orem: Self-care
deficit theory. In C.M.
Kalisch, P. A. & Kalisch, B.J. (1987). The
Changing Image of the Nurse. Menlo Park,
CA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
McQuiston & A.A. Webb (Eds.), Foundations of
nursing theory: Contributions of 12 key
theorists (pp. 139-202). USA:.
THANK YOU