Wednesday, September 16, 2015

CSD 211
Affricates
- Stop-plosive releasing to a fricative, in one movement
- Not simply a combination of the two manners (i.e., /ts/)
- Complete closure (not just constriction) between active and passive articulators, velum
raised to build pressure, but the air is slowly released (like a fricative) rather than
exploded (like a stop-plosive)

/tt/ - /dt/
Closure occurs a bit further back for the /t/ and /d/ to allow for the constriction portion
/tt/ = voiceless coronal-alveolar stop-plosive phase followed by a voiceless coronal
postalveolar fricative portion
/dt/ = voiced coronal-alveolar stop-plosive phase followed by a voiceless coronal
postalveolar fricative portion

Approximants
- Articulators approximate each other, but not so close to cause a constriction, so there is
a broader, smooth passage of air
- Glides: /w/, /j/
- Liquids: /l/, /r/

// - /w/
Lips round, tongue tip low, tongue body raised toward velum, which is raised
// = voiceless labio-velar fricative
/w/ = voiced labio-velar approximate or glide

/j/
Tongue body flat and middle tongue is raised toward midsection of hard palate, velum
is raised
/j/ = voiced mediodorsal-mediopalatal approximant

/l/
Tongue tip and alveolar ridge, tongue edges flat allow lateral airflow, velum raised
/l/ = voiced apico-alveolar lateral approximant

Wednesday, September 16, 2015

/r/
Bunched: middle tongue raised toward middle hard palate, tongue tip low, tongue is
retracted
-Voiced mediodorsal-medioplatal central approximant
Tongue-tip: tongue tip elevated toward alveolar ridge
-Voiced apico-postalveolar central approximant
Retroflex: tongue body is hollowed and bent backwards, with tongue tip curling toward
front of hard palate, lip rounding possible
Voiced apico-prepalatal central approximant