Logica estoica

the Stoics view propositions as states of affairs which,

although they do not exist as bodies do, definitely are part of reality in that they obtain
and, if true, are facts.

Furthermore, in its concern with truth, Stoic logic goes beyond

the bounds of a science aiming only at producing proofs for scientific theorems; among
other things, it is meant to enable us to distinguish between the true and the false
quite generally.