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    3 Motivational Need Theories: Maslow Alderfer Mcclelland

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    Divyesh Nagarkar
    Three key motivational theories are described: 1. Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory proposes humans are motivated to fulfill physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization needs. 2. Alderfer's ERG theory groups needs into existence, relatedness, and growth. 3. McClelland's acquired needs theory focuses on need for achievement, power, and affiliation. Herzberg's two-factor theory separates job satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Hygiene factors like salary and working conditions prevent dissatisfaction, while motivational factors like achievement and responsibility increase satisfaction. The motivation-hygiene theory combines these factors, finding high motivation results from adequate hygiene and presence of

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    3 Motivational Need Theories: Maslow Alderfer Mcclelland

    Uploaded by

    Divyesh Nagarkar
    21 views5 pages
    Three key motivational theories are described: 1. Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory proposes humans are motivated to fulfill physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization needs. 2. Alderfer's ERG theory groups needs into existence, relatedness, and growth. 3. McClelland's acquired needs theory focuses on need for achievement, power, and affiliation. Herzberg's two-factor theory separates job satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Hygiene factors like salary and working conditions prevent dissatisfaction, while motivational factors like achievement and responsibility increase satisfaction. The motivation-hygiene theory combines these factors, finding high motivation results from adequate hygiene and presence of

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    Motivation 6

    Original Title

    Motivation

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    Three key motivational theories are described: 1. Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory proposes humans are motivated to fulfill physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization needs. 2. Alderfer's ERG theory groups needs into existence, relatedness, and growth. 3. McClelland's acquired needs theory focuses on need for achievement, power, and affiliation. Herzberg's two-factor theory separates job satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Hygiene factors like salary and working conditions prevent dissatisfaction, while motivational factors like achievement and responsibility increase satisfaction. The motivation-hygiene theory combines these factors, finding high motivation results from adequate hygiene and presence of

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    21 views5 pages

    3 Motivational Need Theories: Maslow Alderfer Mcclelland

    Uploaded by

    Divyesh Nagarkar
    Three key motivational theories are described: 1. Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory proposes humans are motivated to fulfill physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization needs. 2. Alderfer's ERG theory groups needs into existence, relatedness, and growth. 3. McClelland's acquired needs theory focuses on need for achievement, power, and affiliation. Herzberg's two-factor theory separates job satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Hygiene factors like salary and working conditions prevent dissatisfaction, while motivational factors like achievement and responsibility increase satisfaction. The motivation-hygiene theory combines these factors, finding high motivation results from adequate hygiene and presence of

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    of 5

    3 Motivational Need Theories

    Maslow
    Self-actualization

    Alderfer
    Growth

    Higher Esteem
    Order
    self
    interpersonal
    Needs
    Belongingness
    (social & love)

    Lower Safety & Security


    Order
    interpersonal
    Needs
    physical
    Physiological

    McClelland
    Need for
    Achievement
    Need for
    Power

    Relatedness

    Existence

    Need for
    Affiliation

    Herzbergs Two-Factor Theory


    Hygiene Factor - work condition related to
    dissatisfaction caused by discomfort or pain
    maintenance factor
    contributes to employees feeling not dissatisfied
    contributes to absence of complaints
    Motivation Factor - work condition related to the
    satisfaction of the need for psychological growth
    job enrichment
    leads to superior performance & effort

    Motivation-Hygiene
    Theory of Motivation
    Company policy &
    administration
    Supervision
    Interpersonal relations
    Working conditions
    Salary
    Status
    Security

    Hygiene factors avoid


    job dissatisfaction

    Motivation factors
    increase job satisfaction

    Achievement
    Achievement recognition
    Work itself
    Responsibility
    Advancement
    Growth

    Salary?

    SOURCE: Adapted from Frederick Herzberg, The Managerial Choice: To be Efficient or to Be Human. (Salt Lake City: Olympus, 1982). Reprinted by permission.

    Motivation-Hygiene Combinations
    High M

    Low M

    high
    motivation
    low
    motivation
    High H
    few complaints
    few complaints
    high
    motivation
    low
    motivation
    Low H
    many complaints many complaints
    (Motivation = M, Hygiene = H)

    IndividualOrganizational
    Exchange Relationship
    Contributions Demands

    Organization

    Individual

    Organizational goals
    Physiological needs
    Departmental objectives Security needs
    Job tasks
    Physical needs
    Company status
    Benefits
    Income
    SOURCE: Reproduced with permission from McGraw-Hill, Inc.

    Developmental
    potential
    Employee knowledge
    Employee skills and
    abilities

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