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    107tlh mysteries truth

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    107tlh mysteries truth

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    Ley Hunter Magazine

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    107tlh mysteries truth

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    THE — Y HUNTER he magazine of _— TH MYSTERIES Sm LIEW on @ 0, Box 5, Brecon, Powys LD3 7AA, Wales, U.K. te) oe ht of [ET as Gs lamlicapes, Ie havolves study of, the | ADMINISTRATION SUBSCRIPTION DETAILS FOR ONE VEAR/¢ ISSUES: U.K €6.00 : Continental Europe: £7.00 ; Rest ol Worlé/Ai £20.00 fof Worid/Surface £15.00. ‘mit in sevling or U.S, dolore eheaue/bills/.0.) EDITORIAL CONTENTS Woulda’t you know Se shordy after we start a quarter Seecive, we fun fae om the fir iswe of the year! The Season this winter jnnte 19 10 Belaced 4, however, ‘cacentlonal: Thave been completing my 15 month stint of writing oF co-witang four books 3 ceally grueling “snark tune!” Ae TEI is dane purely fr love t means lis, shat its appearance issubjcer to the vagaries of fate Bur we alsraye get it to you the ond, and now can merge onee tone into te ight of day, we wel ave the nen issue to you faily quickly to exteh up. the delay wit prove worth it, T assure vou. The four lives rhoald help restructure several sspects of Furth Mysteries, some ef which 7 feel nave been languishing ‘over the lum rouple af years or so. The new ley book fpsth Nigel Pennich| sel be coming oat as ya read 18 fonder now via the Empces Booklist Ir ie hght-yeas thveall of anyibing eae om the subject promise, Ie the uum there should be seo mare “tiles outs TReaveveeight work on earth lights, with cunebeting fescurcers David Glatke, Andy Roberts and. ul MeCuruaey, Then EARTHAIND {oth Jolm Steele ard Davia Kivbrin) a real deparuize, Joaking closely at the idea of she Heath being alive, Earth Mysteries im context fa sense. The book vill challenge some preroneepsioas about your Hektor! 1 shonld he owt ip che USA. peor te Sistas finally, nent sping, ill he PLACES OF | POWER, whick wilt tor merely sive » genuine account fal the ‘Dragon Project, but abo some entirely ew Inaterial ow wvexpy sept oF sites Real sul, not Confection ihe first over authentic guide t ste energies Gur teri caver ila by Slate Wilkins, ‘THE TRUTH ABOUT LEYS READERS FORUM THE OLD SARUM LEV CONSOLIDATED Gu aes : THE DEVIL'S ARROWS ON TARGET op Fowes7 & vishae! Behrend COLUMNISTS |S CONVERSATION WITH EVELYN LIP Shee arses MISCELLANY WEST COAST NOOT REPORT Chvieioaner Caste VENUS FIGURINES sna SPIRITUAL, TECHNOLOGY ine UPPER PALEOLITHIC jBitha Hagens nevies Actes Copyright Author or TEA + Views THE TRUTH ABOUT LEYS ‘AS an appetite - whetter for the impending “Lines on the Landscape” he has written with Nigel Pennick, PAUL DEVEREUX looks here at ‘the whole ley issue. Essential reading for newcomer and veteran alike. here has been controversy Bince the respected jecefordehire businesenan and pioneer photographer Alfrea Watkins Suggested in the 19208 that sone ancient sites fell” into. straight Lines across the country- Bide. Ge called such align ments “leys", but archae- Dlogiate of the day. dis Missed the idea out of hand {not merely nonsenge one said, But “damned onsense"), and that has been a kind of intellectual nee-Jerk reaction amongst. atehagologists and land scape historians ever Since. mot without reason, it'must be admitted: there has” been much rubbish published about lays (or Sley Limes") in recent years — both pro. and. con the theory. All that is o change with 8 led” new study” of ancient alignments, Lines on__the Landscape, which T have’ wiitten with” Nigel Penick: There are two basic _prob- lems regarding the quest ion of Leys: on the one hand, archaeologists tend to Gianise the idea of their existence altogether, on the other, enthusiasts 90 fon about ‘lines of energy" racing across the —land- seape, and being in all Kinds of colourful notions to. aad to the confusion. Let us try to sort out this polarised situation. ‘The Ley Discovery Pirat, what did Watkine actually claim? tm 1921, while sitting ina car one Sumner” afternoon during visit to. Blackwardine, in Herefordshire, he happened ro consult a local map and noted that’ a nunber of Prehistoric | and. other Bacient sites in the neighbourhood fell into alignnents. Subsequent field. and map work convinced Watkine that this pattern was indeed a rea one. (The tale. which originated. in the 19605 claiming that Watkins was fon. horseback and had a Vision in. which glowing lines “appeared “spread across the countryside has Tong. been” unmasked as false.) Watking cane to the conclusion that he was Seeing the vestigial traces of old straight tracks laid out in the Neolithic era, probably, be surmised, for Eeadere’ ‘routes. These had been marked by mounds, Standing stones and. othe! sites, The system had been modified throughout the Bronze and” Tron. ages Watkins suggested, but had fallen into disuse during the early historical period. The pattern had been accidentally preserved here “and there due to the Cheistienisation of certain Pagan sites which were also warkers along the 01d Straight Lrack, he argued. (such Christianisation practices are known to have Occurred, of course.) For a period of about nine yeara the old Heeefordian called the “lines *leys* - the Saxon term for meadows ~ a5 he. felt that. meadows may have developed fron strip clearance of prehistoric Forests along the course of the old waynarked straight routes. “even 1f the name Was wrong, Watkins pointed out, it did not affect the thing so named. In the few years prior to bis death in 1935, Watkins discontinued the ‘use of the word” to describe "hia “archaic tracks. ‘hore had been pritish alignnent researchers for Bt least a century prior to Watkins, “and simlac work was going on in Gernany contemporary with the Engiisnnan’s Feseareh (unknown to either party), but It was he who brought the whole concept to its most “complete and vell= founded forn for ite tine. Resctions The reaction when Wat— kins ‘published his ideas was sharply divided: many People felt he had unveiled a longeforgotten secret Within the landscape ~ a Club. was formed to. carry out further "ley hunting” = White orthodox archacolo— Sista aianiased the whole Rotion “with considerable venom, Tn this, they can now be sega to’ have been weongheaded. At the. tine, the. [dea of old straight tracks with ancient sites spaced along then seened eccentric, but ve now know such features definitely do occur. In 1936 the” archae= elogist 0.6.5.cravtord snorted that anyone "with sone experience’ of prehis- toric. tracks would. know that they had been sinuous with people going wide to avoid boggy areas. Crawford Oo was right, insofar as he yas thinking of drift roads for aninal herds and teacks Rade for wheeled vehicles, but ne was wrong regarding what we now know of prehis= toric foot tracks "where they. nave survived. “this ignorance on the part of Crawtord and bis colleagues is’ surprising, ceally, as Hilaire Belloc had reported (Gin The Old Road} as early as “190 that" Anerican Indian trails were straight. Indian Steaight Tracks Modern, work hae shown Belloc’s personal observa~ tions in America to be more Significant than. even” ho probably realised. Zn the Sierra regions of Califor nia, for example, research— ers’in the 1950s and 19408 found) prehistoric maian trails running "in straight Lines, ..without detouring for mountains in the way" ana “Walch were ‘almost: airline in theie airect- hess". similar lines on the land “have been found in most of the southwest American states, particu larly New Moxicd. In this state a millenium or more ago, the mysterious lost. race of the Anasazi (?the eld ones") built dead Straight tracks radiating out of Chaco Canyon” for tens of miles. Non-dones— tic, probably sacred, sites are’ Gotted along then. It has “become clear that. Anerindians throughout the americas built straight tracks for foot or ritual use ~ there are pre-tispan- ic exampies in Mexico; the Mayans had their sacheob, and in the Andes of Peru and "olivia the old Straight tracks are marked with “Indian shrines” and Christianized sites. ‘There, in a different. geology, With different weather and social bistory and at high altitude, the pattern Watking ‘detected in. the overused, soggy British countryside is tii) fully Visibie, beyond any arau- rent. In addition to these curi- ous straight tracks, the Incas’ bullt thousands of niles of roads *unereingly Btraight™. between any two points, as explorer Von ftagens’ remarked in the 19508, in the moat convo luted’terrain in the world and these roads wore at loast in part. constructed over earlier track systens. In the research that hae rosulted in Lines onthe Landecape, Pennick and i have Tooked at the occur Fence of ancient straight ines "as artefacts and ae religious concepts — throughout the world, but archaeologists often’ ery “roul!® when ley. hunters talk of alignments outside Britain “(even though. they make conparative stuaies themselves all the tine). As it happens, our book had exhumed ‘Acchaeologic: evidence for Straight Tine foatures in the prehistoric British landscape to% there wae unquestionably straight. Line surveying fron at least the Neolithic period onvarde. ‘The Lines are there one body of proof is the existence. of cursuses. These late Neolithic fea: tures are avenues of ditch and bank earthworks; they sonetines extend for ki~ Lomet res, and usually have square of rounded ends. No fone. has yet fathoned” vhat their function might have been. The eighteenth-cen- tury” antiquarian William Stukeley first drew atten- tion to this linear type of site when he discovered the Greater Stonehenge Cursos, We called it. a ‘cursus? (latin for racecourse) as he thought It to be. the rains of a Romano-British racetrack. Little ia now visible of ‘this feature, but “if the visitor goe: along the track Inmediately adjacent to che western end of the Stonehenge car park @ National Trust notice board describing the fea ture and pointing out its course. on the grouné will be encountered. Since Stukeley's day, ‘over 50 Cursuses have been discov- ered, mainly thanks to aerial Srohasology — most gursusos now only exist” as Sghost" sites visible. from the airas crop. marks in cereals and other” vegeta tion, especially on Fiver graven, Most cursuses are requiar in’ construction, eith Straight, or bulletin Straight’ sections. |For example, two crop mark Lincs sen in air photos to be running across the ends of the runways at Heathrow were so straight they wore Thought tobe Ronan’ roads, but excavation in recent years has shown thea to be in fact the ditches of a cursus. These dead straight Lines can be traced for two Biles, and no one knows just how long the original feature was. At Scorton, Yorkshire, a straight crop mark cursas over 2-kn long was excavated by Peter Topping who found what he considered to be evidence of the use of surveying markers. ‘These iinear sites ace in thenselves virtually leye, specially 26 many Reem to Link or incorporate sacred Or ‘ceremonial sites, par~ Hfeularly long barrows. Bu there 1s yet tore to. thor than this, Itwas an are chagologisi (y.P.8.Stone); not a ley hunter, who” in 1947 observed that “te only was the east end of the Greater” stonehenge Cursua aligned ona former long barrow, but that the axis of the cursus if extended passed througd the Cuckoo Stone and went tothe contre of Woodhenge, This is a two "and half nile @lignment of sites, with over a nile of its. length arked by a straight earth work — it dey quite sinely, a ley. 1 have further noted that the extended course of the axis continues three niles to Beacon Hill ~ and beacon bills were claseic “initial pointe™ on leye in the Matkinsian — aysten, Similarly, archaeologist D.P.Dypond nored in the 1960s. that "cursus Bat Rudston, jiunberside, point- ed towards the huge’ Rudston monolith. This extended axis algo passed through the’ church “alongside the almost 26 foot (7.7 meter} tall standing stone: If the megalith had) been de= stroyed, as so many” have, then the only thing on. thé extended Tine of the cursus vould be the church, and no note would have been made of the coincidence. In fact, ‘in “Lines on” the Landicape,— 1" uncovers Humber Gf auch “*esinci= dences* “between the lines of, cursuses and. nearby B hurches, For example, av | ehat, no one dleniases the folky air photosaphy has If archaeologists can now Fevelied a cursua that wes | Reaves were lov, wall-like | divest thenseives of their bullt in’ three straight | features constructed fron | hopelessly outdated preju~ Sections. ‘the church at | stone noulders, and may | dice against the theory of Pornham gits directly on a | have been topped with tuct. | ancient alignments, called Sitch of the southernmost | they were never major | leye for a tew years by & Section! Koreover, the axis | physical obstacles, and | man six decades or #0 Ago, Of the northernmost section | must have been nominal land | they will realise that new extends directly to Bury st | dividers. Plening correctiy | aspects of the prehistoric Edmunds “Abbey + surely a | pointe out that landscapes | landscape and the workings Sacred spot fron renotest | Alaplaying such sucveyed | of the archaic mind are tiguity. Againy a cursus | axiality es” the Dartnoor | ready to be opened up. A South of Abingdon, — near | aystens may have had’ cere- | sticking point ia, 1 know, Gufora, points directly to | monisly saceed signiticance | that some nogerh writer the abbey area in the town | as well a pragnatic appli- | and enthusiast, who are EME district known to have | cation, He calls his’ pre- | not, in fact, actual ley been inhabited in Neolithic | bisterically-eurveyed lines | resgarchers at “all, have tines. t have studied about | on Dactmoor.*terrain obliv- | claimed in books and” arti— half of the. known cursus | ious” lines". As. any ley | cles that leys are lines of Bites and have found 64 per | hunter knows, a rose by any | energy, can be dowsed, and Gent of them to have axes | other name... So. on. This notion, ‘which hich” extend” to” nearby Reread’ Watkins and “nost Bncient “sites — either research-based ley” hunters Promistorie, “features, or Grid Evidence have never claimed, causes pre-cefornation churel Problens. For example, a Bites (whlch suggests they | There are other kinds of | Couple of yeare ago 1 asked dae seen ausaesites! Y | (more oblique) new ley | prehisrorian Aubrey Burl if evidence. Take the classic | he accepted the reality of Stonehenge - Old Sarum - | tyo aliganents that we have ‘Teresi Obtivions Lines Salisbury Cathedral — | found. to. tun fromthe Clearbury Ring ley in | pevit“s Arrows standing Another piece of evidence | Wiltshire, for instance. | stones near Boroughbridge rn ine? “archaeological | Mork by fan Thomson and I | in” Yorkshire. (See | the Azehives denonstrating the | fer, The Lay Hunters com- | stauiatical article on then existence of straight line | anion (1979) eesulted in 8 | by nop Forrest elseunere in engineering and” surveying EMfghtiy modified version | this issae.) ves; ne sald, Tnupeition prehistory has [Of this which ~ included | ho “aid. so why got accept Gone tran “the. work “of | Pxankenbury Camp further | the ley theory "Because Srehacologist Andrew. Flen= | South. Recent work by Nigel | Cannot accept the idea of Ing and colleagues in their | Bennick has revealed that | energies running along Hluay ef the reave —systens | one of the old grid layouts | these Lines!" ne” replied. OF “dartmoor. “Reaves™ ace [Of | Salisbury | actuaity | such ie the depta of misun Garly Bronze Age. bound= | relates to the axis of this | derstanding. Stiles, andare part of what | alignment. Pennick "has Fleming, calls" teovaxiais | uncovered evidence to show field systems, vhich appear | quite clearly that in the jao Narfous parte of "tne |Widdle Ages’ there were 2 Be eh tron early | iacators “Tuto ‘sere “the | ve teace the history of tae sere cn tS” Anglocsanon | Geonants of their-day, and | energy. line” notion” (it se ete se Melininacy [mere obviously cognizant of | started in’ a novel by Lines a-d decing auegests | the secret layout of and- | occultist Dion Fortune, a reer eae Se tng eo, | scapes. Leys uncovered. by | year after Watkins” death), sate rage oes were aid ou | 2ey, hinters may theretore | and. show it to be totally eee sie’ Zeneury | have “different periods ot | unproven. There may or may Sound 1e00°ey this inai~ | genesis, “andin' the “book | not be atcaight Lines "oe agpund Mee? people by ‘that [Sigel explores” historical | energy. in’ the landscape sree Neneh cere able’ ro | period alignment schenes in | but. until energy dowsers fort “Conceptuntiy ‘in’ ces | Setatiy” ag "eels "as" ene | subject themuetves to” a Sonal landscape terns. Steaight “Line” engineoring | geater element of rigour, , ° that was involves wien tne | arch basis instead Sone regves are curvilin- | dyke “and Gitch earthworks belief/pet theory ear, deliberately following | that were built in pritain the notion 1s value~ fontours, but others ace | from late” prehistory and Bossble tool. such Girect. “an exampie of a | into the historical era a'baeis io perfectly prac Straight “one is the alk {icable, but where is ther BEEALOME Onge, which “runs | There is, of course, an| an enerdy dovser, @. single APM eel fel with “tne | enormous axount of further | gney prepared to adopt it? Ranest eared Tetomm: | evidence that. cannot be | Weve’ is there an energy rez Seti worth walking, a | included in a short article | Govser prepared to” (liter Tow hundred paras anton the | like. thia shoving the | aviy). "put themselves on hoor west of the road ‘to | feality of the vestigial | the” Line. in the panner meta “ent the 'renarne of | Linear pattern enveaded in] thay "professional water Nene oe ee comaee” ite | the meitian landscape which | Sowers” have todo? Tt. ia Seraightness’’ Alsappearing | was 20 ably noted by Alfred | Siveya’ easier to have a into "the distance. acter | Watkins. Belief than to research, ‘and T suppose we will always have to live with that. Ley hupting has its energy freaks in just the way ugology has ita Acther— fus “Society. But the sad result is that we havea Situation ‘like that in Anerica, where far more People ‘know about enersy Tines and dowsing-based ley hunting than know about. the actual straight lines, leys, still “visible on parts of the U.S. land- Scape, markings “lert by ancient “Anerindians. flow Sad that pore attention 1s being given to current, derivative nev age litera ture and snake-oi! salesmen than the actual land ‘Thoughtforms qe omay be that energy Lines, and other supposedly doveable energy configura Lions on the land, relate to. a mysterious mechanism whereby thoughtforns can have an external, “virtual reality" as Jonn' steele has termed it. Tf 30, that Phenomenon is of tremendous Interest. in ite own right, and deserves study. But, It would also mean that ‘the actual “inages doused. may have no validity in. them- selves, because any image would thus be dowsabie. Again, where is the energy doweer that is prepared to foresake his or her fa~ voured energy pattern and subject “it to ‘testing to fee if it is merely thought form - their” own thoughtform, or the one augnented ‘by their group affiliation (such as the Pountain International people}? Alag, ve are again nthe land’ of make be- Lieve, and too many people want’ belief eystons in Breference to the rigours Of research, which do” not always pan’ out a the individual desires. | And there “is also. that” deep~ seated urge to either be the person who hae uncoi ered gone startling, funda- mental secret (as Bob dylan put it: to win what's never been won; to do what's never been done") Or, alternatively, to Going something “that is “saving the world". Such is the sadness of our tine and the lonely impotence People feelin the face of world problens. But what were the atraignt Lines of antiquity, the actual leys, all about? The Simple answer is. that no « We Show in our new. study, an educated guess” canbe age; and it is here. that genuine vevelarion may be Sneountered tather than in the paeudo-geonency of late Urent feth-century inven= tone Tes earlier peopies considered straignt Tangecape lines, in whater~ er'form, to facitivate the passage of spirits. To take Sat two of numerous exam ples, the. Balinese baile Titlfe ‘Weare inelae their temple “gates to” stop Straigne-aoving ‘spirits feon entering, while the tural “irish thought Fairy pathe to be straight Lines Between billtop” earthworks (rathe*). Our. research has Tevenlea chat a history Of the straight landscape Line can ‘be seen in which it moved from being 4 sacred or magical thing into the Secular sphere. In Europe, this changeover In percep” ton occurred withthe Romans, who used “surveying techniques taken from the Btruscans, where they” vere Used for magical purposes. But. even the Romane had shrines dotted along. thelr Straight eilitary roads, as it they Were uneasy, and had to placate the gods of the countryside, and of, the Survey (one of these latter was, ferminus, of course). They “still. had. a memory hat it wae, in essence, a ered thing to do, to. run a’strasgnt Line through the fang, spirits ‘moved. “in Straight” Lines - that is probably why the gtone rows Sn bactnoor have blocking Stones atthe end of them, fhape’ to serve the “same Birpose a2 “the. ‘Balinese Spirit. walls, Phitologist Efic. rartriage records” in Origins (1938), that an Snae-en ord) rag straight line", and became incorporated ‘into ‘words relating to direct spatial movenent end with — words chated with” analogous, ‘straightness — kingship, ‘government, orderly’ behaviour and. 50 on. SO we have words” like Fight, region, regular, reging, reginent, regent ‘and the like. The English ford “rvler*” cones fron this source, and means, of course, either a loader or a straightedge. Thus a king Isterally rules the Land. The whole matter is. more remarkable and” intricate than this, and I go into it fully in Our book, but the basic idea can be’ gracped. ‘The upshot. sens to be that in’ early shamanistic. cul~ tures spirits were consid ered to move “in” straight Lines, “and in later, more complex hierarchical socie- Elec the idea developed into the king. or emperor tuling by “sending his spicit along the straight Zines. This’ is) preci the “situation. with the Inca, “for example: he sat in the Temple of the San at Cuzco, fron which radiated do-oda’ straight tines, or cegues. These were differ~ ene to the Inca roads, | and were For magical, religious Use. They now aurvive only ‘as alignents of Inca holy Places (leys, in fact), but Fecent infrared photography by Tony Morrison has re~ vealed then as old straight tracks running out from Cuzco. (as he. showed us exclusively at Moot 85 in York). Leys, 014 straight tracks, “terrain oblivious lines! Or. whatever one to call them, ceveal a deep mystery lodged as uch in the human psyche in the ancient landscap We will Gnasestand it only by “learning directly from the land and from ancient peoples: modern pastiche geonancy is simply more abstraction in which "our culture excels; “it comes from that-same warehouse of mental abstractions as. "tl global “econony* = and ve Gan alreaay see what that is doing to the realy organic world with regard to the rain foreste, for example. Let us not’ turn hunting into” such a plastic, trivial pursuit, us use it to plumb the depths “of the forgotten Barth, to employ it as one means’ of re-acquainting Ourselves with our living Planet, to obtain a glimpse OF the wise, old) worldview that ‘encompassed both inner and outer ecologies, spirit nd land, both of which have “been so terribly eroded in our tines. a ere you scraping the Botton of “the barsel Wien You ehoee to nate a Sonpitiat Teteer a feli-piow article for un ioe? an retercingy of course to. Silt Saatna. olenarneny at Callanien in witch’ she snalistwoman Tived tmche states for ten Years t was really fenborcnaaed. “at ‘auch Sehoptobie’ | “Suspleved Roncecly Canhot” Eaagine "similar elur against Tne" Engtish beang. so Brominently pubiietea,by Sidr nore, Suet “because S’Seuntey nae an oppees Beorialtar gov- to eneer at ite People, (1f you thine fn traaseret Ing, cencend ing, “aay,” “teveaish= guetytices te eave Sime vean* ang ainco tnt _paresou- dae" greup” vas" well intenctonea, "albert neive end steenastsve co certain thingy aid. Jt pot Seduce SEAa" Sauth ESeLingeeabswe thei setions to them; to\open Sp. diaioque, to actu shy Stare Learning fon ch “other? that nike been a cont harzon Of “a patretic etory of Separated and non Sommuniesting Little Eliques she desctibee Teughea.. Z would very much Like Setter’ on behalf of an of your Anetioan readers Whor may have been of Yenaea tn the sane vay 7 tore freeman Eifecrntay usa aE SPE OS Sir Sith a The" dsenotonybacween SHOE Ghaatist iE eee ad Ee amnerRES A | OF RASS Peed Beciiiee le sida |e” Pa MSDE Rew'hger are'the, erases f action. in" owe “present ese" and” Tnseneativity | Atate of partial "know! SF Sone new age dedivig’ | cage” ta fnvalsoated ia Soli “abandon hope" 2ong Defoe “eeachina the Maternal Gates. ‘oinets we 200 aust “instead neal oat” selves. Gcommcne (ron cherie 1 (do not adhere to any | regarding mara Freeman" new sg6_ group ov Philos. | iecrer, "aren american Dphy, nat agree tnat | aycesr, foesn only say Beckeg Sites (or. indeed | Tage {fan ner “oetensod Gnylsees) enouse nor be | Se"S.11 Seieh'e “sreicie abused by tepeitual | 2a ‘thar voncur wie teurfetes”” mest” en | £20 concen she seprees~ Seposing theirs ome | eos “Rs for alneisa narrow #inion regardless | sSazerseares “Uetters ESeEEavaceh ES hdurelhe | Pots" cer 8 sole teed YONGE? 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Secona.y, Fksov the faemec men Evonesy oven. feotse, "and beta hot tntece uneyme pachette, to the “large Embers” of” people “who Sympathy” hes been” much Shaeed fa the past o a Gouple"of exane nore wae ene eeam, orton “*lavess ge inv the ticle “by Relscoprer without ever Rerdit acted! pecetastoat Mitcesn=" "Festival. be found exceerent del iber= Ately speared on top oF TY the" Seoness” Gn Beopie.“chere chinblaa BU over the stoner ae fel thes place es “a Elaygrsing cathon’ than Cerys steaston, Coenearl The second part of ian Taylor's article in Tt 106 prompted ne to vriee Fegarding Ris puzelenent The rae ‘Douth off Rockerhow alae The" oat, encloses a ‘Bouna End: one’ suggest ion Sven that tne 2 “prehistoric Cimsiors nthe Fi jtishite, Ae He Barc Beziee the’ pane fron fiddle. "Englian Sntewan, 2 negro,” and Geelting; “and aads" tnat the! aliusion ts “not Mee site wae excavated Tn"1039, "and the eauulte of the’ Ranehetong. 419 Proved dtsappoinetng 2 found’ Eitned‘enat plas man’ Round, the mound "x Beeifiers, “aut thate vas'no “uace. of any burial ae alle A nogro, of course,’ ta a fecaia "that" aleeed areine considered the Black many cole nan and 0a many Go be connect oa with" Toys, mane. not the Bike ‘nan’ Be aades to this Category? op ¥itg0n, SPIRIT o- re try suvren THE OLD SARUM LEY CONSOLIDATED G. J. HARRIS research over recent years has concentrated on looking for actual track reninants oocurring on alignments. Here he looks at just one of his findings - the classic ley running south from Stonehenge. the 014 Sarum Ley _ was Probably "the fiver Slignnent of ancient sites fo atteact the attention of alignment researchers and has remained the most fanous, oF infanous, ever aince.’ So when a bit more of it is found, it must be Worth writing’ about. The story really begins at Moot “80, after an intrigu- ing first read of The Old eraignt Track’, picked up Shitel‘atting’ core bus: Wouldnt it be better if ley hunters looked for aligned re of the old Straight tracks instead of churches" gaid the upstart to the cornered guru. "If you think so why don’t you Go it yourseif* he growled. So I dia. Watkine had suggested that neny “Roman” reads are merely surfaced. stretches Of pre-existing track, 50.2 Stuay of ‘Rozan” roads, Which “survive in “great Tength, seened the best vay to’ start. tt gradually dawned that easential equipment included a dcaw~ ing board, a straighteage at least a'metre long and a Stock of 1:100,000 scale 0.8. County Outline naps (without administrative boundaries). "The nape contain practically the same detail as the 1:50,000 Series, except for foot~ paths, and cover four times the atea at only twice tne cost. At this. size and Seale it soon becane appar- ent that the lines. of Several stretches of *poman” road, when extcapo~ lated, often’ intersect at a common “nodal point, and that stretches of roads not thought to be Roman fre quently coincide with the extrapolated lines. The latter phenonenon puzzled wargary, Buch earlier, You nay recall (Roman Wave in the Weald 2nd edit Fs wOrSHA, Heantiy, several alignments composed entire ly “of non-Ronan roads and tracks were invariably found to radiate from the gare points. Ivo good exanples of such points in the migianés are at a crossroads, or meeting point of roads, on Condi— Eote Lane in the Cotswolds (sp. 157261, dieplayed at Moot 64), and at the Junction of “Roman” roads at Six Witls in Leicester ehire (the subject of an Unsuccessful application for a British Archaeologi- cal Award in 1986). The penny dropped though when attention was diverted north to. the map of Northuaberiend on which it was found that three such oda points aro occupied by stone circles. (See Letters, Archaeology Today, Vol.8 No.1 Feb. 1987.) Anyone Wishing to be Convinced that. tracks once radiated from the sites of Stone circles should study the landscape RWW of the circle at NP 972205, It Feninded me of the Thoma” Observation that. three tracks in close proximity to Stonehenge appear to align with that best known Circle of all. (Megalithic i £5 08 SIDR obese pe see So the County Outline map of Dorset was pinned to the board, with that bit of Wiltshire ‘containing Stonehenge attached. To ley hunters who have confined themselves to 1:50,000 or larger seale maps Btonenenge must be 9 big Ajsappeintment, there being eo. few notable point alignments within 20 miles Of the circle. Further afield though, they abound. The Landscape WW through Henstridge and Sherborne is dominated. by a series: of very cloge alignments, not to. mention yet. anther nodal point for “Roman” and other “roads at Tichester. Look, too, on Landranger Sheet 184, at a Line from the centre “of” Stonenenge SOW towards Grovely Hill, through the chureh and bridge over the Nadder at ‘Burcombe, along the track over Stoke Down and on to the track running off the ap at gasting SU 000. Then continue the line on the Y2100,000 scale map south to bélvorth Castie. The probability of point sites Bligning by change is an entirely different. natter. If ‘ever a line warked the course of a forner st. track, ‘this one does. on to The Old Sarum Ley! As everyone knows, if a Tine ia) drawn from the centre of Stonehenge Uhrough the centre of 018 Sacum, which seens the tigiest “of all the variations proposed, it continues on through Salis bury Cathedral and clips the edges of Clearbury Ring and “Prankenbary Camp. But no-oue ever seems to. men~ tion that this line also passes throggh | Harnhan Bridge over the Avon south of the cathedral. Tf long Straight tracks did exist in prehistory, and were used by many then. rivers vould nataraily have been crossed at the points to wbich they led. once estab- lished, ‘such crossings are Likely’to have renained in use, im the same place, no matter hav much the tracks in between deviated from their original course, or Gisappeared entirely.” 50 fords and river. bridges Right reasonably be expect £2 to be common features along the courses of former tracts, and indeed they ‘The Odstock road south from Salisbury wavers somewhat co the east of the line but. returns to it precisely ‘whet it crosses @ tribotary of the Ebbie. South of Prankeabury camp, bridges over Muckles srook and Linford Brook, and what initially appeared to be Kingston Great Common, fall Precisely on the line. See Fig.l. When examined in more “detail at a scale of 1:25,000 (Sheet 5000/10), the latter turned out to be a parish boundary, straight for most of its length, bat zig-zagging the rest, with alz bound: line. “"See Pig.2. Just another ef those “co- incidences"? T think nots BRIDGE STONEHENGE re SARUM FIG.2 CATHEDRAL |ARNHAN opstock \ BRIDGE ROAD CLEAR- BURY RING TUMULUS PRANKENBURY * CAMP HUCKLES won | BRIDGE| LINFORD BROOK HIGHCLIFFE caste 4+ ‘BOURNEMOUTH FIGURE 1 SCALE 1:250,000 BS, Shobiey Bisterne Common Lugden Bottom BARRO FIGURE 2 SCALE 1:25,000 THE DEVIL’S ARROWS ON TARGET There are two alignments here, these being as. shown in Eig.t, A site list with grid references is given in taple 1. The lines were first noied by Norrie Ward GQ) and later by. Paul Bevereu® and tan Thonson a. Ke should first define what we mean by. “alignment * hee. Tt ts “sonev ines Claimed that the Devil's Arrows stones were meant to bev used. pair-wise as indicators of the heng However, an” investigation based on the positions of Lhe stones as they are plotted on ‘the 1:10,000 Org." “naps failed to give real support for this St se possible that small plotting errors by the 0.5. are to blame for this, but of course this is purely conjecture, and we feel that before’ we can accept. the claim of pair~ Wise use, an accurate field furvey” is called for, to determine. exactly what directions are indicated by the three possible pairs of stones, and how these Oirections relate. to. the henges. &] For “ Lines on the Landscape” BOB FORREST and MICHAEL BEHREND kindly used the ‘most sophisticated ‘computerised statistical methods available to test ‘an Oxfordshire alignment (which failed) and ‘the Yorkshire lines involving the three giant Devil's Arrows megaliths {the tallest shown here) be seen, Now, though we feel is insufficient eviden a pair-wise use of ot fePle'setil Ueue chat possible to draw a str Line through the ‘Thornborough henges an: there oe of ents aight three athe Nunwick henge which passes Through at least_one 8f the Devise rows. quently it wae thiz ‘Cons= aeei- nition of alignment which was "used in the cont Binvlations which we describe. ‘The alignnents of fig, pater 1 are Immediately statistically interesting, despite the. ‘the OS do not claim to map their positions with absolute accuracy. With the cites represented In this way, the method of simulation | was one of fandonly nudging both henges and Devil's Arrows, 30, as to destroy any existing alignments, then analyeing the nudged’ sites to see if any | new alignmente had been formed comparable to the real ones of fig. With six henges and three Devil's Arrows we need to @etine what we mean by "comparable" alignments, Recalling yhat- we said above, we are looking for Situations in which a line = can be drawn through @ set of henges. so.as to pass Ehrough at. east one cbeioas fact that the Unree | 1:50/000 sheste (nos. 99 | ERE ‘Phormboroagh henges are not | and 100), but as both are Devil's Arrow (5). Denoting eeeleciy aligned with cach | out on the moors, outside | © | six henges Bepeisedy sigmedase “the | tno Gale of fork ttaeat, | A.bvCpdverS, and fat Least Devil's Arrows appear to be | the latter in particular | PPS Devil s Arrow” by De the only standing stones in| being too far away from the the following alignments of the area (and very | henges (about 40 km) to be | henges and stones could be prominent ones at that), | realistically associated considered comparable (6) the benges the only henges | with them, they were not | te the lines of fig.1: ihe PeeMatent and “yet aii | Incluged ta our este. ist. " avneva-p eve plue See ee rneg ie epeageo: and the | (42,22 2°Ric,0 tne Pl filemencers of” che” Shs | [hese Deufita' eco in be ieageas five appear onthe | Laken ro be the only mene an a-b-c-b tine plus @ hengess £16 Sepeae om, oe | Caen to oe te omakicenty | Siete ites? Hine Ps (no.99} and only Nunwick | well-defined group of ' §72;982 $E8can’be foundan | Sitess and it wer” with] (44) gn acb-c-d-e-D Line Goeetona Tenece’” ‘SeS7am, | hese’ nine sites tat “our | (2ile 2m “eolaved henge 320,008 ettea a2 shenge | sinaiations were done. (4) | $5! " Pefte oer Atalyese oF : Laer gat eeTbG ® ana | tn oimatation oncn nenge | (iy) an acbee-d-e-F-0 Line 1:10,000 sheets of the vale | was represented by *S a Dee-d-e-£-D 2 aeecettcvesia no furener | Circular” disk of dlanever ation (1) te. tha gE Tork reveals iyais boing | equel to that of the actual | COMfigeraeton.. (2), fe ante nenges sop anedyais Pa | afte! “tnoce aianetace are | 26 the real ibe tn 9:27 Fare eomtl aed ny aubrey | Listed in table Ts ach “of | 24°C" quetcrenty but Dor? (3). bikewise ‘there | the pevil's Arrows waa | Sortainly comparable, in pork (eevee other | repcesonted ‘bya. dick “et | che*eabe “thee ue. would sore atttes’ in “the | aigmeter <3 necross 'anis | the, SEOs. DAL ee eg planing, stones 12 Ene | sine ‘is determined. partiy | Rave been Just as incetsueg Siena azcover tee” only | Syne" thickness gk UN | onesguration. among she Devil g, Msces'wnicn cone | stones” and artiy oy the | conftaurgtion, snonget he stanging stones vnton, cane | stoniaca’ vector ‘error ‘of | fea! sites.ag one of type Se1280" (uwin standing | the OS raps: the positions | {03 ¢4)""the later being tones) and in SE6593 (a | of the actual stones cannot | o7e Moe eee eng of ronesy and in ontses (a | of tne fetuen stones comrel | Gren, ofe convincing of Sine semaine oa "ene | from OS mape simply because | ancient | Gesiants : arse sear er are ita] He have already, mentioned Tetcenl tha Schon aiken are “randomly” nudged” In each : T TST FAT —|] simuiation, but one needs 3 ne Hoenperougn Gentkel |] fo detine that term quite ; 588 Revier carefully: 5 see owe win [| m__ the, Hast 200 s Bevil-s artows Centeaa || simulations the three $ Bu ar BEIDE AES SEN || Derii?e arrows were nudge [7 A STR —— | independent ly each ina i Olek of radius 100 metres centred on the actual Grone, The ei henges were likewise ‘nudged independ- ently, each ina disk. of Fadius 1000 metres centred fon the actual henge (7)- The computer wae set te search for configurations of type (1) to ivi in each Simulation. fn 20° simula tions, “only one (no-166) matched the real sites, With a configuration of type Ti), suggesting. that the actual configuration of henges. and stones in. the Vale of York is significant atthe 1 per. cent level. The ‘positions of the vac fous “sites In sinulalion Ise are shown In f1g.2. Rs can be geen, the ssiuation fe very similar Lo thal of fig-l, 80 similar, in fact, thal it pronpled us to have pome reservations aboat the trae“ staisticalimpli= cations of tnis first. set of simatat ions. What worsted us vas that with the heages being about Zoo" metres in diameter, a Fandom nuége of up to ooo Retres might not be enough to eatisfactorily disperse the’ real alignsente, Just as an insofficient shuffle fan feil to properly mix a pack of cards. Thue fig.2) Bs. one simulation oul” of 300, might not be giving us a ‘true picture “of the Statigtical worth of the Devil's Atcows Lines, since we might effectively only be measuring the Peobabitity of getting Something like the. ceal lines “back again after an Ninaugeieient ‘suttle" Clearly if (he probanility of "undoing a shuffle” is 1 fn 200 than the statist ical worth of the alannents in #ig.1 is probably rather greater than even these Binalat ions suggest . the obvious answer is to disperse the regi sites hore, but one problem here fs that if we start nudging the 'henges" by upto say 5000 etres instead of 1000 netres, tnen” this — might Aisperge the Thornborougn group as well, whereas these three henges ought to femain a group. in any Fealisric simulation A way round this is ae follows. First the north and. south Thornborough henges are nuaged independently ey up to 1000 metres, but then the group as avhole is nudged by up To “S000 metres. in effect. these two nudges” shuttle the Theenbarough “henges amongst themselves, and nove the group as a ‘whole. he other three henges are simply given. independent randoa nudges of up to 5000 netreg, whilst the tare Devil's Arrows ‘are given nuages of up Lo 100 metres, just as before. Four hundred eimulations of this ‘type were done,” the conputer again searching for henge configurations of the “types listed earlier. None Were found at all, which would seem to lend the Devil's Arrows Lines of rig. considerable atatistibal — wetghte fatihee four hundred einlations of the same type confirmed this by again Failing to turn up Any configuration to. zatch the real sites. Thus it is extremely unlikely that the henges 1n the vale of York nave’ lined up cathe Devil’e Arrows purely by chance, "and "accsaental coincidences (to use a phrase of Natkins) is sot 3 Satisfactory explanation of the alignments. NOTES AND REFERENCES (2) Norrie ward, York~ abire’s Mine (1969), 8.11 (p. 1038) (2) Paul Devereux ana Tan ‘hongon, The hey Bunter = Companion (1879); {the bey Golde, Empress, 1987), (2), Aubrey Burl, Archaeo- Jogical Journal, wol-s26, P 128 (1968) (4) Though geogranhically we feel justified in ex Cloding the twin st Stones. in SE1280 from the Bite List, we feel that, "just in’ Gage" wo are Wong, we ought perhaps to fun” gone oimlations with then In. Though notin the vale of York itself, never~ theless these stones are only about far fron the Thornberough Henges as the Devil's Arrows are. ‘True, they are not” Labelled in antique seript on either the 1:19,000 or 150,000 bheeta, 0 they may well hot be ancient (though if They erent, what are they? Does “any feader of ThA know?) Nor do they line-up In-practice with any of the henges (using the, defini~ tion of Taiignment* adopted inthis report). Neverthe lees, to avoid any possible charge of "statistical Dias*, we do propose to tun Some Simulations with these stones included in the site list. Unfortunately these have’ not been done al Lhe tise of going to press, though it seene unlikely that (heir ineiusion vill drastically alter the Slatigrical picture of the Devil's Arrows lines out Tined in this report. (5) Ke are not mach con- cerned here with vhether of nota Line through a set of hengen passes, in sinula~ tien, theough more that one of the Devils Arrows. (We would be nore interested 1 We were concerned with a Dairwwise use of the stones to indicate henges, but. as we have already said, thece is "no teal evidence fer this" yet.) Were we are solely concerned with the alignnent of hengea on the Devil's Atcows group. In any case, with the stones Tepeesented by disks of Qiancter 5 metros, for reasons already euated, wo can bacdly talk in terms of precise alignnents anonget them. (6) We showld —_perhapa explain why these configu- fations ae "comparable" to that of the actual” alicn= ments. It a line can be deavn’ through W henges 80 25 (0 pase tiirougt at least fone Devil’s “Arrow, then that line “is defined to have a score of N-1 The actual lines of fig.” thus Boore J and 1 respectively, total score of & Por & Simulated configuration to march the real sites, therefore, its line(s) gust attain. a total score of 4 or nore. configurations (i) to {ivi are those wich do this. (9) Berges being fair large sites we had to guar: against simulations | in Which guages onges “ove- flapped’. Thal is, the fandon nudging vas’ done Subject “to the constraint that for any “pair of henges, the aistance be- tween ‘their centres was greaer than the sun of theie raait aes LONG MAN OF WILMINGTON The last expect t shrine religion guished crumbling 01d) bara in south: dark int boilaing Worth Sea carvings, uity and ‘There are bunan “he whieh is nature. i carves, age and why they have been affixed all puzzi Boing hidden and so little known Professional or” acadente opinion by Oozen” possinilities for their pre: could "be striking, strange. Fully ca quality, captivat these ca into the of thie humble cattle barn. The arc adjoins Mickie Hill Farn, a homestead Blackhall Durham. My Eciena an and shi Wright, mentions the carv= ings in his book Blackhall Rocks it Pt 1585. There is a picture taken outside the barn in see and the carvings. Reg wrote “they could be scenes Cron Lsorse “nythology, crosses, PAUL SCREETON lace you would oeind @ possible Of some mystery is an undiating= East Durham. The lerior of on ‘overlooking contains strange of baffling antige purpose. strangely-shaped ads, a scene of bathing and one robustly sexual in jow they came to be by whom, a what to the walle are has meant no. 148 been sought. A sence and meaning given. stunning, startling, Aajectives fal) to pede the magical Sheer oddnesa and Ing. quaintness of rvings plastered ‘weathervorn walle hwayed building ‘over Look ing Rocks in county, 1) amateur hietori- jamani¢ figure Reg ithe Parish of — Bi ‘another of some oF heads and sone fertility scenes, although no opinions have been passed on then. They probably medieval or early medieval. There are 19 in all and well worth seeing.” Well worth seeing indeed! I had to squeeze past a large item of mechanical faraing machinery to enter. the empty” barn. Even with tbs aid of a lamp, not all the carvings could be nade out, with clarity, several being Very high up'on the valle, out of sare distance of Teaching then. 1 wae shown then through the kind hospitality of Ton and Jenny, whom Reg. rang for Ton to take me. ‘they expressed bafflenent at Une Identity of the carvings, thelr purpose and age, just stating that they had’ been there for as long as anyone could renenber. The large nomber here of human heade cat off at tne neck. i Suggestive of celtic Influence, the head cult was central te the Eierce warrior Celts’ worldview and there (e evidence that it stilt exerts a baleful influence in certain area of the Pennines and perhaps also the Tyne Valley. They were also associated with wells, and one of these had been recently filled in at Mickle Will. a particularly darge head has @ Norse look to it, ‘though it atso could be “said to resemble the contenporary pop. idol George Michael (By coincidence Mickie seens a Gerivation from Michael, a Gragon-playing saint "of somewhat “Pagan features.) Below this 16 what could be @ Christian “design. Tt Jooks like a broken” repre- Sentation of the crucleix= ion, An enlargenent of Reg’s black and. white Photograph of Uhis led Reg to'connent; "pid you notice the brow and eyes of Christ on the extended eight arm, how life-like, but "the remarkable thing about it is" that 1 gon". think if (the “eyes) are on the ic} actual wall, But they also appear “distinctively on ® colour shot which I took. Another block shows what appears ‘to be. someone Washing, kneeling before. a @isn. Reg Wright thought this) coke “a Greek-atyle otis, 700 high ‘for me to ity was what Reg says is & crudely, pornographic depiction. there are also People’s initials which are probably recent additions. There is a puzzling seening mixture. of. Paganism and Christianity, “pechaps a Gnostic strain’ of the latter. Was the barn used at some period as a place Cf worship. by sone sect aitticult to identify? Aleo where did the stones cone fron? their composition 1s not. locally common. One clue is that they all seem to be mage from the same grey stone, I'm no Geologist so could not name the “composition of the rock, but have” seen two boulders. of the same’ type along the Hart station to Haswell walkway. They are quite probably a type of Glacial erratic atone not native to the region. I doubt there is a mundane explanation to. "these strange figures, for no single aspect séens to be sisple, The carvings reinforce the feeling we may be surrounded by gpicits and gods; that the byre. is as humble yet as otherworldly as the manger where Christ was born. Is it we “who. contain. these spirite “and “gode or. are they truly in’ sone other cosmic dimension; that a Place auch as Unis could be Burposely sited and deliberately designea “so these forces “deep within and/or without us’ can be fusing payche and Paranormal “in such “a situation as to bring inte harmony’ the realns within ana without? Mickle mill really is a mystery hill, AQUARI I renenber reading an account of a scene of the last day on which Skara Brae (Orkney, scotland) had any human inhabitants. Tt seems, from the archaeological evidence, that everyone suddenly had to. grab a fow essentials and run for their lives, This story was repeated at other sites in other areas of Scotland, north west Engiand and‘Wales. At the sane time in places like Arran, Fast Lothian and Bildon Hill on the Scottish borders other seUtlenents were being fortified against attack. Tt was as though sone mage invasion had come from the west but as to its exact nature, we could only speculate. However just recently evidence haa begun to. turn up that suggests that most of the northern half of Britain endured. conditions in about 1150 ac that had not “been seen since the extinction of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago. Conditiona auddenly brought on by the explosion of Hekla, an Icelandic volca~ ho, which was so powerful that “It threw up. enough dust to make agriculture impossible and resulted in the kind. of environment akin to the predictions of todays scientists when they contemplate the aftermath of a nuclear war. "The evidence nothing short environmental shows that Of an catastrophe on the scale of a nuclear Winter took place in the latter half of the twelfth century BC," said the director of’ the scottish Historic Buildings and Monuments central Excavation Unit, John Barber. The changes affected the upland areas the most so that hundreds of thousand: of people were forced to leave their homes to try to live “in more low-lying areas or face starvation. This of course neant chat they would have to fight the people they came across in order to displace them, hence the fortification of the lowland sites. The displaced people would have then moved’ on in an attenpt to displace others so. that warfare would have become widespread. ‘The instinct for survival became dominant pushing aside any civilised notions of co- Qperation and commun— ication. Scotland was the worst affected. It had already become. a very difficult place to live ae longterm Glimatic changes were producing “poorer harvests, but this eruption started ‘a "domino effect” 0€ one village population moving South foreing another to do the same and 50 on. When the dinosaurs died out 65 million years ago, it was almost certainly’ the Tesult of a meteorite striking the earth and throwing up enough dust to blanket” the skies of the entire world, Evidence for this was discoverea as a thin layer of dust in rock deposits al] round the world dating back to that period. Similar dust depos ite nave been discovered in three places: under the surface of the Greenland icecap, the Irish peat bogs and on the Scottish Ts: lands. th Greentand a layer of dist lies on what was the twelfth century BC ice cap, now 1800 ft below the Present surface. In. tre- land, examination of tree rings of that date shows that growth was slowed down fo almost nil and, recent- ly, a joint team from Balnburgh” and Sheffield Universities have unearthed @ layer of voleanic dust on the Hebredian Island of South Uist. One wonders just how much was” lost during those times and just how Jong it took “to “get. back to places as important as Callanish or Brodgar. As a postscript to the hurricane that hit Britain in October 1987 and the Financial crash that af- fected the world’s stock markets, I would like to point out that it happened Within two weeks of the moon reaching its most extrene position within its eighteen and. two-thirds year cycle. There was a mini-crash in June when the noon was very near. its extreme position which I remember hearing about on the radio while I was “aking photographs “at Castle Rigg, but the big one was almost cight on cue in October. If you couple the effects of the moon with the longer cycle of planetary alignments that T have been talking about for ages, there is no wonder that’ we are still living through "such disaster ridden times. Tt sens though that there ace some astrological yuppies who are taking advantage of the current swings in planetary activity, T heard recently of a group in America who are ‘cleaning up on the market trading in silver as they are able to predict movenents in price by correlating the movements in the planets including the moon... .excuse me while T go and get my epheneris. HOBBYHORSE Bees NIGEL PENNICK IN MBNORY, of Alfred Watkins” England As I write this column, latest sectarian murder occurred in tne north of Ireland, a councillor is proposing that “The Occult should be suppressed by Cambridgeshire County Council, and British writer Br. Sainan Rushdie has been condemned to death in his absence by the Ayotollah Khoneint for ceprinting some deleted verses fron vhe Koran. at the sane tine, ouher people claim the has that’ their georantically- targeted meditations have cut crine and banditry, Gistress of nations and perplexity. And, others, even when Lotally aiaceed” ited, continue to announce that’ Meitreya/ christ is about Co appear on Barth Lo Usher in the Golden age of Aguarine (but only for the 144,000 “elect”, “sheep’, or "“entightened’ sun-dance Warrsore” = take your Bick). What is the connection Between these abject examples of human folly? Intolerance, or more spec ifteally, religious intolerance. Intolerance, in “Larn sets up” doctrines The difference between free enquiry and doctrine is that free enquiry is aliays open to new ideas, Siscoveries and insights: Doctrine ig “not. It ie centralized intolerance of everything which is not cet down’ in’ the | “book, of rules”. Whether that “book of rules” was correct in the firet place, or whether At bas been superseded or @isproved, as never questioned by the, aevotee, To. them, ‘the “book of rules” ts'the truth, and If reality does not | square With that “book of rules”, then reality is wrong, not the doctrine. thie sort of centralized intolerance “ia a" gencral form in human behaviour, not. justin religion. Religion ts only its worst manifestation. ey ent ing, that azea of investigation for the study of which his magazine vas founded, has Buffered woefully at the hangs of similar mentalities. Ever since the publication of Barly British” trackways, arenseotogists fave reacted jerk. whenever jeys “vere mentioned. Completely without found ation, archaeologists Look into" their credo tne dootrine that ley hunters were dangerous madmen (and women), sdottieg at randon™ about ‘to break “down the Tabric of scientific study with superstitious —non- Sense. Most archaeologists refused to examine the Eeasonable evidence deci- phered from the real land- Beape by hunting. Because of this, two things happened. Firstly, ley hunters continued (9 amass authentic alignsent data of which the archaeologists Were largely oblivious, and Becondly, that the sort of Sdottios’ at randon™ vill- fied by the vitriolic pen of Glyn Daniel, began “to appear for real, sudde iy; all kinds of “energies were dovsed with all. kinds Of rods and pendula. tals were cranned into ground at every place mentioned in Mysterious Britains” Serpent" “tenples, ovens of grids (all dif ferent in dimensions), even new revelations of God appeared at the flick of a Cameron “Auraneter. \Neo- Nazis” danced round laby- Finths and inside passage gravee, whilst others Played’ around with conse: erated “swords dug from Fuined casties or ‘diverted energy lines” around London cemeteries with all the aplomb of a telephone dperator on speed. nae would Alfred Watkins think "of thie Lf he. cana back to England today? What fe'going ony 1 ask myself? Although it masquerades as such, this tomfoolery is now earth mysteries Eeseerch by a long. chalk. Te ‘bears. Une game relationship to earth fysteries research as Doris Stokes did to psychical research. But, worst of all, this intolerance is Often velled In the words of love, harmony, peace aod tolerance. Recently 1 received a letter from a person «ho must reaain raneless, but who ie a ataunen supporter OF one of bese Aquarian cults. Ip a letter, 1 had pointed out the Contradictions which Thad seen in one of thele Publications. T° had questioned the ethics of Using spiritual techniques to vatteapt to influence politics. The reply received vas very iDluminating. tt, contained the following: *1f T were into wagic, T should wave a wand “and tid the world of B11” cruel human" beings, thus “effectively anni Mating ail torturers of all politieal or religious Genominations, most medical researchers, | most food~ producers. for the modecn market, and all of the People’ who sling helpless ‘animals out onto the Street..." But, as this person vas unable to do this, ‘I ry to send love to all these unpleasant. people. Tf it works...you Gan call me invasive’ ‘and manipulative till the cows cone home, and Twill Fejoice in’ it.? Aquarian love, powering ine tortur~ ers and animal experinent- ors? once, ley hunting was thought of as studying the Jad atraight track. Now eh “leyline carrios ite vn desisner label. Once, Alfred Watkins was present in his land. Now, they talk of sharing their’ redeeaning channeled leyline message of re-earthing Lhe dowsable spirit of ‘Gaia’ through convergent harmonic crystal healing as they reclaim the VAT. 1 have read that. Wales has few stone circies. this is nongenge as. anybody who Tooks ean soon find then. good. place Lo look ie the upper Rheldol valley. hia walk starte al yebyty Cyntyn, where the old church’ may be set in an ® ‘ancient stone circle. one of the stones is obviously genuine, but the others may have been set in the churchyard wall. in the early 1800s. Thic walk fakes you to’ a genuinely ancient circle on Belch Gwyn, however. Known as the Temple Cairn Circle (the Templars worked a local lead mine}, this small ellipse. fits thon’s mega lithic yard when scaled down to one quarter of megaiitnie yard. Then the distance between the foci of the etlipse is 23/4 m. yas, which is exactly half of the long axis. The short axis is 43/4 m. yds, while the perineter is 16 m. yds. This’ is exactly hal? “the size of the ring Mine Stones (Winterbourne Abbas) in Dorset and both rings have their stones graded in height Relevant Ordeance Survey maps Path sieder G47 (Sm 67/77) Lecd-rangee 135. (abergstmat) ysevry cone IN a ‘ FeO] ort ee chases aos 8 seme on muss é : Key Ge the Sunt path vaste with dirtance yatted from the start 14 waies ad divection of wale Diner pathe o Moca weed of Hedge or fence = wot Hane evel 9% Trees Gate 3 Sate y Signpost i? Skream ov viver with aivection of stow Se Bdge F Bastasags © Rute L + Church Afer is Welsh fer vives A conversation with EVELYN LIP (Our roving reporter CHRIS ASHTON mat up with leading feng shui exponent Evelyn Lip in Singapore and brought back this exclusive intorview. (CHRIS ASHTON CHRIS ASHTON: Good evening. | The siting of the buildings | has survived the Lest of See te nice to meet you | invrelation to the rest of | time over 3,000 years now. here in Singapore. rn your | tne environnent fe | this “fact indicates that here in eiegerceomancy ‘you | important. whether it"8 | there must be sone tangible book chinese stands for | oui up or mot that’s | results ‘otherwise people Say reed Sr ene natural | how I look at it, you see. | would just not believe in Ghvironments* In Aighly | the forces present in| the | it. Gtoanised cities like | environment still affect Singapore and Hong Kong how | whatever ie present in the | ca: tn Singapore do practical ie it co take the | earth. architects freely consult hatural. environment into Geonancere of is this. more Becount? ca: 1 wae wondering how | of a requirement of the many practizing geomancers | client? pvetvy Lip: Actually, feng | there. are in Singapore Shui is just a colloquial | besides yourself. BL: Arehitects donot word for kan yi. The actual consult geomancers, because wore eer zeny shui is kan | eb: 1 think nobody has any | their professional’ services $ir8xan means heaven and yi | statistics on this. T would | do not include geonancy- Yi Mee ee ahi art. of | say that we do not have as| But clients who do believe Placement which 1 call feng | many geomancers in| in geomancy will seek their Bhacenemt Miact. associates | Singapore as in Heng ong. | yn” geomancers. They will shut taecoumoa “and with | Tt seems that in Taiwan | get the architects to do The" earths Although Hong | there ace 20 or even 30| the | sketch design then Kong ““and’ singapore are | thousand now. Many of our | chey“Ll get the geomancers Righty urbanised cities the | cliente who want’ geonantic | to look at the sketch page tfomatas that the earth | Givination. sonetines fly | design and alter whatever; f2°" "flving thing. Man is | their. geomancers from | Sometimes they 11 even ask Sluil affected by the earth | taiwan or. Hong Kong. | fora second opinion, But ind atl its forces, under- | Although there are soge | this class of client is not argih ity around it and so | local geomancers they can't | so big because it is very forth. If you look at. Hong | cope with the work. expensive. Kong you'll see that it has ageeat geal to do with the | caz Is geomancy becoming | CA: I noticed that in your a 2eres “Chvironnent:. look | more popular at the present | book Chinese Geonancy you Bt the billie, look at the | time in the Par East? said that sometimes two fea. and with Singapore Geomancers do not agree as it’e a similar tning, EL: T think that geomancy! 89 how feng shui should be & manipulated at a particular site. BL: Fortunately, as 1 said, not too many clients can afford to goto two geomancers but sometimes 1 have come across clients who pave gone to see @ particular geomancer but. were not happy with the advice. Only in that ‘case did they seek another. Sometimes it happens thai. geomancers do not agree on Certain aspects of divina~ tlon - and in this case it’s lefe to the client to decide. 1 think the best arbitrater would be an architect who is a geomanc- er too. cA: How would a geomancer divine a large building like a hotel for example? Would each reom and each floor have to be done? EL: Wo , usually it’s the fain entrance. they usually look at the main entrance and tne back entrance and the managers table = how he sits to work. Then maybe the accountant “s office to see how the safe is placed. Thats about all. and. of course “the surrounding environment to see if there are any artificial or man made elements that affect the feng shui of the building. CA: So I presume that in the case of a hotel the place is divined in terms of profit rather than making the place confortable to stay of to BL: You see, normally geonancers will make Fecomnendations to improve the feng shui of the place mainly to improve the luck or the well being of the establishment or of the individual. But T look at if frem an architects as well as from a geomancer’s point of view. And I think that geonancy should ‘not. be practised just from the point of view of luck. It should provide well-being in an environment which Will be conducive for people to live or work in. Tf you live and work in an environment which is condu~ cive you can enjoy this feeling. of well being and you can work well and you p well, you have inspication and so with all that you achieve succoss ~ you get wealth, you get fortune and, of course health. tThat“s how Look at geomancy. It’s not just a matter of moving a table and all the money. Will come falling down through the ceiling. 1 sont think it should be practiced in that way because to me geonancy is the art of placement. It is the art of making a good environment which has a conducive surrounding environment so all the natural forces are working with you and not against you, This is the art of geomancy. If you — can achieve that then you are a true geomancer. Not just put three and a half goldfish in one corner and six and a quarter in another ana then say you“1l have good luck. cA: I notice, Bvelyn, you are a Christian. Does” your dherence to a Christian belief system clash in any way with your involvement with geomancy? BL: 1 certainly don’t think 0 because thete 1g no God in cgeomancy, that’s why don’t took at geomancy as Superstition of as an. act that. deals © with the spiritual world. ‘There’s go Belief in spirit, there's no belief in another God. Geonancy. is using your Knowledge so you can create 2 conducive environment, 50 You can feel comfortable. And with that 1m sure even Goa “says, "That's a good jon done Right? (ehuckiing) That ’s how T | look at geowancy. Thats why don’t believe in. the superstitious part so much in the sense that, ob if you just hang a’ mirror tomorrow you're going to touch the lottery. If I believed that then maybe it would clash with my Christian belief. The natural forces are these: the wind, the rain, the gun. These are the natural forces and these are made by God. Nothing superstitious about it. But of course there's a lot of mystery behind. this practice of geomancy because man has made it ‘that way. They ‘ve deliberately made it mysterious so that nobody else can understand it. Only the georancer can understand, you see, cA: Because it’s good for business that way...+ EL: ..-T think now we must unveii”the mystery and look at geomancy in a more scientific way in a more architectural way, in. a more artistic wey. "Make use of the knowledge that ancient, man has accunulated, has researched,’ has recorded. Make use of that knowledge and apply it to the present day “world and extract the essence. Apply what is good and use ic to enhance architecture. I was trained as an architect. I was very concerned with aesthetics, with planaing and with architecture but 1 was hever Conscious of — the things that surcound a building until I became 2 geonancer myself - after I’d- been studying in this Eield of the Chinese art of Placement for ten years. Now every time T look at a building 1 do not just look at the elevation or the three dimensional form or the space, T lock around the building, T look beyond the building. 1 look at everything that.“s connected with the building and that is’ feng shul. As an architect you do not care about the sistant surrounding environment. Maybe the immediate, yes, maybe your neighbour, yes, but you are not worried about. say a half or a quarter of a mile away Where you can see something sticking up in the sky which Is not good for your home or building. You don’t worry so much. But if you are a geomancer you‘re very conscious and very sensitive to all those things: balance, light - and shade, you know, it’s very Important, “it's yin and yang and all those things. it’a very, very important. So I think feng shui should be looked at from that Point of view rather than from the superstitious point of view. years the Ley Hunter has produced a special fourth edition called, with great originality, The Ley Hunter Supplement. The original idea of the supplement was to give the e and creative contribu- tors a separate vehicle to display their work. There has been little feedback from the majority of readers but gener- ally the idea seems to have been successful, if at times a little artists, poets and other intut ‘precious’. Jn future a centre spread ‘Arts Supple- ment’ will appear in all four issues each subscription year given over to Earth ‘Mysteries arts - poetry, prose, visual arts, events, exhibitions. ‘As the first of the new-style supplements, this issue is not representative. When I ‘have more material I intend to introduce several innovations such as an exhibitions guide - world wide?, features on the arts of particular sites, and profiles of a particular artist. For the time being, poetry is the main theme, starting with a review of Irene Javors illustrated booklet, plus several of Jill Smiths works. There is also a short account of the recent work of Howard and Mary McCoy. A more detailed profile should follow in a later issue. ‘The centre pages are open to all readers who have something to contribute - not research, that should be sent to the editor - just feelings and anecdotes, expressions of your relationship with ancient sites and the Earth, written in poetry or prose, drawings, sketches, prints, old photos. In

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