14.

0 Describe Principles of Plant

Growth Production

14.1 Identifying plant parts and their

function.
Why are plants important?
• Provide oxygen
• Prevent famine
• Provide medicine
How are plants used in
agriculture?
• Crops
– Cereal Grains - wheat, rice
• Ornamental
– Landscape design - indoors and
outdoors
• Medicine
– Biotechnology, possible cures
What are 5 major parts of a
flowering plant?
• Leaves
• Stems
• Roots
• Flower
• Fruit
Why are leaves important?
• Collect light
• Site of photosynthesis
• Main site of transpiration
What are the parts of a leaf?
• Blade: helps with
collecting the sun’s rays
• Veins: transport water
and nutrients
• midrib: central vein
• Petiole:point of
attachment to the stem
• Nodes: will grow if the
petiole is removed
 Why is the stem important?
• Produce and support new leaves
• Transport water and nutrients to
and from the roots
• Storage of nutrients
 What are the parts of a stem?
• Terminal bud:
point of new
growth
• Lateral bud: point
of new growth
• Internode: in-
Leaf scar

between points of Bud scale scar

growth
 Why are the roots important?
• Provide anchor for the plant
• Absorb water and nutrients
• Storage of nutrients and water
 What are the three types of roots?
• Taproot: absorbs water
deep in the ground
-carrots, pecan trees
• Fibrous roots: roots stay
close to top soil -
tomato, bedding plants
• Adventitious: helps
plant climb or anchor -
ivy, strawberries, some
grasses.
 What are the parts of a root?
• Primary root: the first
root to grow
• Secondary roots:
branch off of the
primary root
• Root hairs: these
account for 95% of
water absorption
 Why are flowers important to the
Plant?
• Flowers serve as the reproductive
organ of the plant
Why is Fruit important to plants?
• The site of seed production, fruit also
plays a role in the dissemination of the
seeds
Parts of a Flower
 Parts of a Flower
• Stamen – Male Part
– Anther - pollen-producing structure
– Filament - stalk that supports the anther
• Pistil – Female Part
– Stigma - place where sticky pollen grains are
deposited
– Style - tube where the pollen grains travel from
the stigma to the ovary
– Ovary - base of the pistil, where the pollen
germinates with the ovules, this becomes the fruit
– Ovules - individual eggs, these are the plant seeds
 Flower Parts
• Petal – modified leaves that serve to
attract insects for pollination
• Sepal – protects the inner parts of
the flower bud from rain,
mechanical injury and insects
• Receptacle – the base where all the
flower structures are attached