AN IBM PRESENTATION ON

“ ENERGY SECTOR IN
INDIA”

BY:
ABHINAV K YADAV
ROLL NO. 01
 ENERGY SCENARIO IN INDIA
• The energy sector holds the key in
accelerating the economic growth of India.
• But the development of Indian energy sector
has been constrained by capital, technology,
environment and security issues.
• Future economic growth crucially depends on
the long term availability of sources that are
affordable, accesible and environment
friendly.
 ENERGY SCENARIO IN INDIA
• India ranks sixth in the world in total energy
consumption
• Accounts for 3.4% of global energy
consumption.
• India is rich in coal and renewable energy
sources (solar, wind, hydro and bio-energy
sources) but it has very less hydrocarbon
reserve ( 0.4% of world’s reserve)
 ENERGY SCENARIO IN INDIA
• India is a net importer of energy.
• More than 25% of primary energy needs is
met through imports mainly in form of crude
oil and natural gas.
• Heavy dependance on non renewable sources
of energy (coal, petroleum, natural gas) to
meet the demand.
 ENERGY SCENARIO IN INDIA
• During the pre reform period, the commercial
energy sector was totally regulated by
government.
• The economic reform and liberalisation, in
post 90s, has opened the doors for private
sector participation in coal, oil, gas and
electricity sectors.
 GOVERNMENT CONTROL
• The Indian energy sector has been handled by
4 different ministries-
i. Ministry of coal
ii. Ministry of power
iii.Ministry of petroleum and natural gas
iv.Ministry of new and renewable energy
 India’s energy production
RESOURCES
• Coal - 54%
• Oil -34%
• Natural gas, hydro and nuclear energy- 12%

POWER PLANTS
• Thermal power plants - 75%
• Hydroelectric power plants- 21%
• Nuclear power plants - 4%
 ENERGY CONSUMPTION
• Industrial sector is the major energy user
accounting for 52% of total energy consumed.
• Per Capita energy consumption of India is one
of the lowest in the world
India - 290 (in kWH)
China- 597
Japan- 4026
USA - 8080
 ENERGY CONSUMPTION
• Energy consumption per unit of GDP ( Energy
Intensity)is one of the highest.
3.7 times that of Japan
1.5 times that of USA
1.47 times that of Asia
1.5 times that of world average
• This indicates that there is a huge scope for
energy conservation in India.
 GRIM SITUATION
• We fall short of meeting actual energy demand
by 5-10% every year.
• Recently the need to import even coal arisen.
• Loss of energy during transmission and
distribution of energy.
• Foreign countries/investors who are interested in
Indian energy sector find it very difficult to deal
with four different ministries related to energy
sector.
 GRIM SITUATION
• Inability to derive significant quantity of
energy from renewable and clean sources.
• Heavy dependance on non renewable sources
may lead country to a serious energy crisis in
near future.
• Unpredictable fluctuations in foreign currency
rates and unstable crude oil prices.
 STEPS OF REFORMS
• Entry to private players during liberalisation era
• Energy Conservation Act passed in Indian
parliament in Sept,2001.
• This act requires -
 Large large energy consumers to adhere to energy
consumption norms
 New buildings to follow energy conservation
building code
 Appliances to meet energy performance standards
and to display energy consumtion labels
 STEPS OF REFORMS
• Steps are being taken by government to
attract foreign investors in the energy sector.
• Strong Indo-US collaboration in coal, gas,
electricity, nuclear energy, energy efficiency,
geophysical exploration, renewables and
other clean energy technologies.
• Energy Conservation and Commercialisation
( ECO) project.
• Rapidly developing solar and nuclear power
sector.
THANK YOU