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  • Noun + LY Adjective

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    EliJones
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    This document discusses the use of the suffix "-ly" in English to form different parts of speech from other words. It describes three main uses of "-ly": 1. To form adjectives from nouns, like "beastly" from "beast". 2. To form adjectives and adverbs indicating periods of time, like "daily" and "daily". 3. To form adverbs from adjectives, like "coldly" from "cold". The homonymy between uses of "-ly" can cause problems for Romanian speakers, as Romanian forms adverbs differently than English in many cases. This can lead to confusion between adjectives and adverbs

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    adjctivul ly

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    Ly

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    This document discusses the use of the suffix "-ly" in English to form different parts of speech from other words. It describes three main uses of "-ly": 1. To form adjectives from nouns, like "beastly" from "beast". 2. To form adjectives and adverbs indicating periods of time, like "daily" and "daily". 3. To form adverbs from adjectives, like "coldly" from "cold". The homonymy between uses of "-ly" can cause problems for Romanian speakers, as Romanian forms adverbs differently than English in many cases. This can lead to confusion between adjectives and adverbs

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    2K views2 pages

    Noun + LY Adjective

    Uploaded by

    EliJones
    This document discusses the use of the suffix "-ly" in English to form different parts of speech from other words. It describes three main uses of "-ly": 1. To form adjectives from nouns, like "beastly" from "beast". 2. To form adjectives and adverbs indicating periods of time, like "daily" and "daily". 3. To form adverbs from adjectives, like "coldly" from "cold". The homonymy between uses of "-ly" can cause problems for Romanian speakers, as Romanian forms adverbs differently than English in many cases. This can lead to confusion between adjectives and adverbs

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    of 2

    LY (1) (adjectival suffix, which forms adjectives from nouns, rarely from

    adjectives)
    Noun + LY Adjective
    beastly
    lively
    beggarly
    lonely
    bodily
    lovely
    brotherly
    manly
    costly
    masterly
    cousinly
    motherly
    cowardly
    neighbourly
    deadly
    orderly
    deathly
    priestly
    earthly
    princely
    elderly
    queenly
    fatherly
    saintly
    (un)friendly
    scholarly
    gentlemanly
    sickly
    ghostly
    sisterly
    heavenly
    (un)timely
    kingly
    womanly
    (un)likely
    worldly
    Some of these adjectives raise translation problems, as in English the noun was
    formed by derivation from the adjective, whereas in Romanian the noun was
    formed by conversion.
    coward (N) = la
    cowardly (Adj.) = la
    saint (N) = sfnt
    saintly (Adj.) = sfnt
    scholar (N) = nvat, crturar
    scholarly (Adj.) = nvat, crturresc
    LY (2) (adjectival and adverbial suffix, which forms both adjectives and adverbs
    from nouns denoting periods of time
    Adjective
    Period of time + LY
    Adverb
    They get the daily mail at 9 am.
    They get their mail daily.
    hourly
    daily
    weekly

    monthly
    yearly
    quarterly
    LY (3) There is also an adverbial suffix -ly, which forms adverbs from
    adjectives:
    Adjective + LY Adverb
    coldly
    morally
    clearly
    finally
    warmly
    deliberately
    heatedly
    nicely
    undoubtedly
    happily
    absent-mindedly
    angrily
    cold-bloodedly
    idly
    naturally
    possibly
    generally
    wholly
    The homonymy between -ly (1) and -ly (3) creates great problems for the
    Romanian speaker:
    a) In Romanian most adverbs are formed by conversion from adjectives, so
    there is homonymy between most adjectives and adverbs. But in English
    most adverbs are formed by derivation with the suffix -ly from adjectives.
    E imposibil s plecm acum.
    adverb

    It is impossible for us to leave now.


    adjective

    * It is impossibly
    b) Some -ly adjectives are confused with adverbs because of the suffix, and
    the Romanian speaker tends to use adjectives where in English there are
    no adverbs:
    S-a uitat prietenos spre noi.
    adjective
    He looked to us in a friendly way/in a friendly manner.
    * He looked to us friendly.
    (There is no adverb corresponding to the adjective friendly, only the
    paraphrases in a friendly way/in a friendly manner)

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