OBJECT:

Studying the operation of a power transmission line under different load condition
using MATLAB.

INTRODUCTION:

A transmission line is a pair of electrical conductors carrying an electrical signal

from one place to another. Transmission line can be modeled by resistance,
capacitance, and inductance. The associative active and reactive power varies as
the length of the line changes. On the basis of length there are three types of
transmission line
Short transmission line: the line length is up to 80 km.
Medium transmission line: the line length is between 80km to 160 km.
Long transmission line: the line length is more than 160 km.
The behavior of transmission line is different for different lengths. Voltage and
current are distance dependent quantities. Capacitance is usually neglected in shot
transmission line however medium and long lines have higher values of
capacitance.
A long transmission line can be considered to compose a considerably high amount
of capacitance and inductance distributed across the entire length of the line. As
length increases, capacitance increases so the charging current increases. When
current drawn by the distributed capacitance of the line it is greater than the
current associated with the load at the receiving end of the line (during light or no
load). This capacitor charging current leads to voltage drop across the line inductor
of the transmission system which is in phase with the sending end voltages. This
voltage drop keeps on increasing additively as we move towards the load end of the
line and subsequently the receiving end voltage tends to get larger than applied
voltage leading to the phenomena called Ferranti effect.

Circuit Diagram

Leng
th
60
200

Vs,rms(K
V)
2.2
2.5

Is,rm
s

849
849

Ps(M
W)
1.1
1.2

Qs(MVA
R)
1.8
1.8

Vr,rms(K
V)
42.4
45.9

Ir,rms
42.4
42.4

Pr(MW
)
1
1.1

Qr(MVAR
)
1.7
1.8

300
500

2.8
3.1

849
849

1.3
1.4

Observation
Code:
CODE:
clc
close all
clear all
len=[60 200 300 500];
Vs=[2.2 2.5 2.8 3.1];
Is=[849 849 849 849];
Qs=[1.8 1.8 2 2.2];
Ps=[1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4]
subplot(4,1,1)
plot(len,Vs);
xlabel('Length')
ylabel('Sending Voltage')
subplot(4,1,2)
plot(len,Is);
xlabel('Length')
ylabel('Sending Current')
subplot(4,1,3)
plot(len,Ps);
xlabel('Length')
ylabel('Sending Active Power')
subplot(4,1,4)
plot(len,Qs);
xlabel('Length')
ylabel('Sending Reactive Power')

2
2.2

45.9
49.5

42.4
49.5

1.2
1.5

1.8
1.9