Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Indonesian Basic Education
Indonesian Basic Education
Indonesian Basic Education
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Basic education is conducted in elementary school and junior high school (both
public and religious type of schooling called madrasah = madrasah ibtidaiyah for
elementary school and madrasah tsanawiyah for junior high school). While public
elementary and junior high scholl are managed based on the policies established by
the Ministry of National Education (MONE) and operationally controlled by
otonomous local/district/town administration, the madrasahs are managed by the
Ministry of Religious Affairs through its local (district/town) offices troughout
Indonesia.
4.
The nine years basic education is compulsory. At present the number of student
attending elementary and junior high school is 7.864.650 and 3.839.023
consecutively and the number of elementary school is 44.154 and junior high school
is 12.932 (public and private). Net participation rate at elementary school is about
95% and gross participation rate at junior high is 92%. This include students
attending the madrasah. The total number of teachers at elementary and junior high
scholl (public and private) is 1.531.193.
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the role. The teachers were supposed to go along with all instructions neatly
prepared guidance of curriculum implementation by the MONE. The main task
specified to teachers in curriculum planning was to merely prepare lesson plan of a
subject based on implementation and technical instruction. The old curriculum is
subject (materials) and teacher oriented regardless learners potential, development
stage, needs, interest, and environment.
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The National Education System Act (No 20/2003) provides legal framework of
curriculum implemented in Indonesia. The Minister of National Education decrees
No 22 and 23/2006 establish the content standard and graduate competences
standard in developing curriculum. The standards are established by the Office of
National Standard of Education.
2.
The Act defines curriculum as a set of plan with regard to the objectives, content,
and learning materials as well as the methods employed as guideline in conducting
learning activities in order to achieve the goal of a certain education.
The curriculum of primary (basic) and secondary education must include
religious education, citizenship, languages, mathematics, natural science, social
science, art and culture, physical education and sport, skills/vocational education,
and local content. The curriculum is basically developed based on diversified
principles related to educational unit, regional potential, and the learners.
The curriculum is developed according to the level of education in the frame of
the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia in the efforts to improve religious
faith, character; learners potential, intelligence, and interest; the variety of regional
potential and environment; the demand of regional and national development; the
employment demand, the development of science, knowledge, technology, and art;
religion, the dynamic of global development, national unity and values.
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Aesthetics
This subject cluster is intended to develop learners sensitivity as well as ability to
express and appreciate beauty and harmony. The ability to appreciate and express
beauty and harmony consists of appreciation and expression, both in individual life
that enable learners to enjoy and be grateful of life and in community that enable
them to create togetherness and harmony.
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To act on their religious teachings with regard to the stage of child development.
To know ones weaknesses and strengths.
To obey social rules in their environment.
To appreciate religion, culture, ethnics, racial, and socio-economics differences
in their environment.
To use information of their environment logically, critically, and creatively.
To demonstrate the ability to think logically, critically, and creatively with the
guidance of their teachers.
To demonstrate high sense of inquiry and awareness of their potentials.
To demonstrate ability to solve simple problems in their daily life.
To demonstrate ability to identify natural and social phenomena in their
environment.
To demonstrate affection and care about their environment.
To demonstrate affection and proud of their nation, state, and homeland.
To demonstrate ability in local art and cultural activities.
To demonstrate habits to live clean, healthy, fresh, and safe and to take
advantage of spare time.
To communicate clearly and politely.
To work together in group, help each other, and protect themselves in their
home and peer group.
To demonstrate eagerness to read and write.
To demonstrate skills in listening, speaking, reading, writing, and arithmetic.
b.
c.
d.
f.
unit could add maximum 4 learning hours per week. The length of one learning
hour is 35 minutes at elementary school and 40 minutes at junior high school.
Effective learning period in one year of schooling is 34-38 weeks for both
elementary school and junior high school divided into two semesters.
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Closing Remark
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