INDIAN RAILWAYS- AN

INTRODUCTION
B.V.L.NARAYANA
Senior professor / transportation
management

Scheme of presentation
History of rail roads
Evolution of IR
Organizational structure and management
Staffing pattern
Management of staff
Welfare activities
Negotiating machineries
Grievance redressal mechanisms

History of Rail roads

1550 AD
Roads of rails called wagon ways used in Germany
wooden rails, horse drawn carriages
1776 AD
Rails now of metal. Wheels metalcalled tram ways
horse drawn-spread all over Europe
1789AD
William Jessop- invented the flanged wheel
1803 AD
Steam engine built by Richard trevethick

History of rail roads

RAILROADS feasible due to invention of

steam engine

1789- first flanged wheels designed Jessop

1804 first tramway steam engine built and used R.
Trevithick
1825-Stockton and Darlington railways functional
1814-George Stephenson built first rail engine
1826- john Stevens- first American railroad
1857 first sleeping car built Pullman
1869-george Westinghouse invention of air brakes
1970s high speed technology

HISTORY OF RAILRODSINDIA

1832 first proposed in madrasbangalore

1836-survey carried out
1840- lord Hardinge decides to support building of
railwaysirrespective of commercial viability
1845-two companies EIR and GIPR operating
Dec 22 1851roorkee functional railway system to
haul construction material
April 16 1853- Bombay thane first passenger train run
15 august 1854 Howrah to hoogly

History of railroads in India

The British government encouraged the setting up

of railways by private investors under a scheme

that would guarantee an annual return of 5%
during the initial years of operation. Once
completed, the company would be passed under
government ownership, but would be operated by
the company that built them.
1862-Howrah benaras
1870- East and west network linked 6400 kms
and 95 million pounds investment

History of railroads India

By 1880 the network had a route mileage of about 14,500 km

(9,000 miles), mostly radiating inward from the three major port cities of
Bombay, Madras and Calcutta. By 1895, India had started building its
own locomotives, and in 1896 sent engineers and locomotives to help
build the ugandan railways .
In 1900, the GIPR became a government owned company. The network
spread to modern day states of Assam, Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh and
soon various independent kingdoms began to have their own rail systems.
1901 railway board constituted
1907 most companies taken over by governmentfirst electric
locomotive
1914-1918impact of world war I
1920 61000 kms networkindependent railway budget
1940-44impact of second world war

History of IR pre independence

IRCA

The Indian Railway Conference Association came into existence

in the year 1902. AT that time railway network in India consisted
of 19 privately owned separate railways systems covering a total
of 8,475 miles. Each company had formulated its own rules and
regulations regarding charging, booking and carriage of
Passengers and Goods. Due to multiplicity of rules the user was
very much inconvenienced. With a view to overcome the
difficulties in regard to different rules and regulations and to
frame rules regarding movement of wagons of one railway
system over the other, the Indian Railway Conference
Association was formed in the year 1902. Initially the Association
was constituted to frame rules and regulations for booking of
traffic and interchange of trains between railways, to act as a
consultative Committee and as a Board of Arbitration.
Subsequently the Committees for prescribing common standards
for wagon maintenance and Classification were formed and by
1926 it was decided to have permanent Committees and
Technical sections covering all spheres of Railway working under
IRCA.

History of IR post independence

1946 all company railways taken over by government.

40% railways in Pakistan

42 separate systems (32 Princely state railways); 55000
KMSMulti gauge
1951- reorganization and merger of all company
railways6 Zones
1952BG standard, indigenous production units;
electrification
1986-steam phased out
Metro built in Calcutta
1998-konkan railway built

EAST INDIAN RAILWAY -1860

Some company railways

BBCI
The Bombay, Baroda, and Central India Railway (BB&CI) was
a company incorporated in 1855 to undertake the task of
constructing a railway line between Bombay and Vadodara in
India. BB&CI completed the work in 1864. The first suburban
railway in India was started by BB&CI started between Virar and
Colaba, a station in Bombay Backbay in the 1867
The Colaba-Borivali section (37.8 km) was eletrified on 5 January,
1928 on the 1.5 kV DC system.
1936 electrification of churchgate-virar
On 5 November 1951 the Bombay, Baroda, and Central India
Railway was merged with the Saurashtra, Rajputana and Jaipur
railways to give rise to the Western Railway.

Madras and Southern Mahratta

Railway
The Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway was a

railway company that operated in southern India. It was

founded on January 1, 1908, by merging the Madras and
the southern mahratta railways. Initially, its headquarters
was at Royapuram in Madras but later shifted to a newly
constructed building at Egmore, which was inaugurated on
December 11, 1922. On April 1, 1944, its management was
taken over directly by the Government of India. [1] On 14
April, 1951, the Madras and South Mahratta Railway, the
South indian railway and the mysore state railway were
merged together to form the Southern Railway, one of the
16 zones of the Indian Railways

MSM RAILWAY MAP OF NETWORK

Name of Railway
(i) Gaekwar's Baroda St at e Railway*
(ii) Bikaner St at e Railway
(iii) Cut c h St at e Railway
(iv) Dholpur St at e Railway
(v) Jaipur St at e Railway
(vi) Jodhpur Railway
(vii) Mysore St at e Railway
(viii) Nizam's St at e Railway
(ix) Rajast han Railway
(x) Saurasht ra Railway
(w) Sc india St at e Railway
a)
Madras and Sout hern Maharast ra
Railway
(b)
Sout h Indian Railway
(c )
Mysore St at e Railway
(a Great Indian Peninsula Railway
(b)
Nizam's St at e Railway
(c ) Dholpur St at e Railway
Sc india St at e Railway
a) Bombay Baroda and Cent ral India
Railway (less Delhi- Rewari- F azilka and
Kanpur- Ac hnera Sec t ions).
(b)
Saurasht ra Railway
(c ) Jaipur St at e Railway
(d) Rajast han Railway
(e) Cut c h St at e Railway
(e) Marwar- Phulad sec t ion of Jodhpur
Railway
a) Bengal Nagpur Railway
(b) East India Railway (Exc ept port ion
t ransferred t o Nort hern Railway )
East ern Punjab Railway
(b) Bikaner St at e Railway
(c ) Jodhpur Railway (Expec t MarwarPhulad Sec t ion)
(d) Moradabad, Luc know & Ellahabad
Division of East Indian Railway
(e) Delhi- Rewari Fazilka Sec t ion of
Bombay & Cent ral Indian Railway
Oadh-Tirhut Railway
(b) Ass am Railway
(c ) Kanpur-Ac hnera sec tion of Bombay,
Baroda and Central India Railway

Mileage
736
883
72
56
253
807
712
1396
179
1274
294
2,939
2,349
729
3,617
1,461
56
294

3,522
1,363
291
197
72
72
3,388

2,279
1,915
883
795
2,101
313
2,741
1,774
252

History of IR post independence

1946 all company railways taken over by government.

40% railways in Pakistan

42 separate systems (32 Princely state railways); 55000
KMSMulti gauge
1951- reorganization and merger of all company
railways6 Zones
1952BG standard, indigenous production units;
electrification
1986-steam phased out
Metro built in Calcutta
1998-konkan railway built

Route Kilometrege opened on

Railways
3lst March 1986
(1) Central
6,486.32
(2) Eastern
4,281.25
(3) Northern
10,976.67
(4) North Eastern
5,163.31
(5) North East Frontier
3,763.01
(6) Southern
6,728.66
(7) South Central
7,137.54
(8) South Eastern
7,075.05
(9) Western
10,224.40
Total
61836.21

Network zones

IR zonal RAILWAYS ON DATE

Sl. No
Name
1 Central
2 East Central
3 East Coast
4 Eastern
5 North Central
6 North Eastern
7 North Western
8 Northeast Frontier
9 Northern
10 South Central
11 South East Central
12 South Eastern
13 South Western
14 Southern
15 West Central
16 Western

Abbr. Date Established

Headquarters
Divisions
CR
5-Nov-51 Mumbai Mumbai, Bhusawal, Pune, Solapur, Nagpur
ECR
1-Oct-02 Hajipur Danapur, Dhanbad, Mughalsarai, Samastipur, Sonpur
ECoR
1-Apr-03 BhubaneswarKhurda Road, Sambalpur, Visakhapatnam
ER April, 1952 Kolkata Howrah, Sealdah, Asansol, Malda
NCR
1-Apr-03 Allahabad Allahabad, Agra, Jhansi
NER
1952 Gorakhpur Izzatnagar, Lucknow, Varanasi
NWR
1-Oct-02 Jaipur Jaipur, Ajmer, Bikaner, Jodhpur
NFR
1958 Guwahati Alipurduar, Katihar, Lumding, Rangia, Tinsukia
NR
14-Apr-52 Delhi
Delhi, Ambala, Firozpur, Lucknow, Moradabad
SCR
2-Oct-66 SecunderabadSecunderabad, Hyderabad, Guntakal, Guntur, Nanded, Vijayawada
SECR
1-Apr-03 Bilaspur, CGBilaspur, Raipur, Nagpur
SER
1955 Kolkata Adra, Chakradharpur, Kharagpur, Ranchi
SWR
1-Apr-03 Hubli
Hubli, Bangalore, Mysore
SR
14-Apr-51 Chennai Chennai, Madurai, Palakkad, Salem, Tiruchchirapalli, Thiruvanathapuram
WCR
1-Apr-03 Jabalpur Jabalpur, Bhopal, Kota
WR
5-Nov-51 Mumbai Mumbai Central, Vadodara, Ratlam, Ahmedabad, Rajkot, Bhavnagar

Productivity over time

Railway medical services

Railway medical services

Staff welfare
Staff Benefit Fund is an important

channel for providing additional

facilities to railway employees and their
families in the spheres of education,
recreation, medicare, sports, scouting
and cultural activities. Dispensaries
under the indigenous systems of
medicine, viz. Ayurvedic and
Homeopathic, are run with the help of
this Fund.

Important statistics
Approximately 42% staff have been

provided with railway quarters.

253 canteens served subsidized
meals and refreshments to
employees during the year at their
work-places.
Co-operative societies of various
types are encouraged as a part of
welfare programme for employees.

Important activities
171 registered Railwaymen's Consumer

Co-operative Societies, 19 Railwaymen's

Cooperative Housing Societies and 29
Labour Contract Cooperative Societies
were functional on IR during 2007-08.
IR attaches due importance to recreation
for its employees and provides excellent
facilities through Institutes/Clubs for
sports, libraries, etc. and Holiday Homes to
enable the employees and their families to
enjoy holidays at nominal expenses.

Railway Minister's Welfare and Relief Fund

The Fund provides financial assistance and relief
to railway
employees and their families in times of
distress. Voluntary
contributions from the employees and Railway
Women's Welfare Organizations constitute the
primary source of the Fund. Life Line Express,
with all medical facilities, runs
under the aegis of Rajiv Gandhi Foundation,
New Delhi for

 Railway Schools
IR runs and manages 365 railway schools which

include nearly 100 Senior/Secondary/High

Schools. These schools provide quality
education at subsidized cost to about one lakh
children of railway employees and about
30,000 non-railway wards. There are about
5,500 teachers and about 1,100 nonteaching
staff employed in these railway schools. IR also
supports 62 Kendriya Vidyalayas for the benefit
of wards of railway employees.

Empowerment, Welfare, and

Development of Women
IR is the largest employer in the country with 13,94,520 employees

of which 82,712 are women employees as on March 31, 2008.

Various privileges are also available to women railway employees
like maternity leave, special leave for promoting family welfare and
most significantly Child Care Leave for a period of 2 years which has
been introduced recently.
Complaint redressal system under gender discrimination
Handicraft centres and Mahila Samities have been instituted to
impart skills necessary for pursuing income generating vocations. A
specific outlay is earmarked under Staff Benefit Fund towards
Women Empowerment Activities. This is for women family members
Women Welfare Organisations are also being run by wives of Railway
Officers who are also promoting the cause of women through
activities like nursery schools, crches, institutions for mentally
challenged children, promoting talent amongst wards of the
employees and rendering necessary financial assistance in
deserving cases.

Other major activities

Sports
Help to differently abled persons
Concessions
Facilities at stations and in coaches
Reservation in posts-3%
Staff grievance redressal system
Pension adalats
Permanent negotiating machinery

Undertaking under IR
CONCOR
Set up in 1989
3500 crores turn over
22% profit
Center for railway information system
Responsible for creation and implementation of major
IT systems on IR
Dedicated freight corridor corporation of India
Set up 2006 November

Undertakings under IR
IRCON
Set up 1976
Internationally spread
Construction company
2100 crores turnover
IRCTC
Manages catering, tourism and e-ticketing
IRFC
Facilitates market mobilization of finances for railways

Undertakings under IR
KRCL
Started in 1998
Runs 760 km long railway line
PRCL
RAILTEL
RITES
TECHNICAL, ECONOMIC AND
CONSULLTANCY SERVICES

Undertakings under IR
RVNL
to raise non budgetary resources SPV
Construction activities
Advisory boards
Rail users committees
Research advisory board
Our heritage
3 heritage railways
Rail museum

ANY QUESTIONS
THANK YOU