ISDN

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 What is ISDN?

 ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network

 ISDN - is a set of communication standards for
simultaneous Digital Transmission of voice,
video, data, and other network services over the
traditional circuits of the
public switched telephone network(PSTN)
 Used for voice, image and data

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 ISDN Architecture

ISDN devices
TE1

NT1

TE2 TA

Analog devices:
phone, Fax III,...
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 ISDN Architecure Devices
– NT1
– TE1 - ISDN devices
– TE2 - analog devices (need TA)
– TA - Terminal Adapter

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 Terminal Equipment type 1 (TE1) *
ISDN compatible device (Router with ISDN Interface)
* TE1s connect to the ISDN network through a four-wire,
twisted-pair digital link
 Terminal Equipment type 2 (TE2)
* ISDN Non-compatible devices.
* Will require a terminal adapter.
 Terminal Adapter (TA)
* Converts standard electrical signals into the form used by ISDN
* Needed for connection with TE2 devices

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**Network termination type 1 (NT1)
* Is the termination of the connection between
the user terminal system and ISDN Network

**Network termination type 2(NT2)

* Performs function at Layer 1, Layer2 and
Layer 3 of the OSI model
* Provides Multiplexing at Layer 1, Flow
Control at Layer2 and Paketizing at Layer 3
* It is used to interface between Multiuser
system and NT1

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 ISDN Reference points
ISDN specifies a number of reference points that define logical
interfaces between functional groupings, such as TAs and NT1s.
ISDN reference points include the following:

R---The reference point between non-ISDN equipment and a TA.

S---The reference point between user terminals and the NT2.
T---The reference point between NT1 and NT2 devices.
U---The reference point between NT1 devices and line-termination
equipment in the carrier network.

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ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb,
9
August '97
• Types of channels
– Bearer channel (B-channel=64 kb/s) clear pipe for
data
Carries user service information including: digital
data, video, and voice.

– Delta channel (D-channel, 16 kb/s or 64 kb/s) call

signaling information:
• who is calling
• type of call
• calling what number

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• Types of ISDN Network

– Basic Rate Interface (2 B channels + 1 D

channel (16 kb/s))
– Primary Rate Interface (30 B channels + 1 D
channel (64 kb/s))

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 B-ISDN
• BISDN is an extension of ISDN in terms of
capabilities, i.e. it not only has the
narrowband capability of ISDN but also the
broadband capability.

• Any service inquiry with a speed greater than

600 Mbps

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 Advantages of ISDN
• Digital
– reliable connection
• Speed
– 128 kb/s (160 kb/s) for BRI
– 1920 kb/s (2048 kb/s) for PRI
• Multiple devices
– phone, fax, PC, videoconferencing system, router,
terminal adapter,.. each with its own subaddress

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