apkvenamIm\pÅ \n_Ô\Ifpw

BZÀis¯ _m[n¡pó kwKXnIfpw

A_vZpñmlv _v³ A_vZnð laoZv Að AYcn

hnh. I_oÀ Fw. ]dfn

Hmtcm apkvenw kv{Xo]pcpj\pw \nÀ_Ôambpw a\knem¡nbncnt¡ï aqóv ASnØm\

Imcy§fmWv, Xsâ c£nXmhns\ AdnbpI, Xsâ Zo\ns\ AdnbpI, apl½Zv \_n(kz)sb
AdnbpI Fónh.
BcmWv \½psS dºv?
kÀÆtemIt¯bpw AXnse kIe NcmNc§tfbpw krjvSn¨v, `£Ww \ðIn ]cnc£n¨v
t]mcpó AXypóX\mb AñmlphmWv \½psS dºv. \t½bpw apgph³PohPme§tfbpw
Xsâ al¯mb A\p{Kl§Ä sImïv t]män hfÀ¯pó B dºmWv \½psS Bcm[y³.
Ah\ñmsX asämcp Bcm[y\nñ. bYmÀY CemlmWh³. Ah\ñmsX Bcm[n¡s¸Spó
kIeXpw \ncÀYIamWv.
GXmWv \½psS Zo³?
hnip² CkvemamWv \½psS Zo³. Añmlphnsâ GIXzs¯ AwKoIcn¨pw, Ahs\
A\pkcn¡m³ k½Xn¨pw, inÀ¡nð \nópw AXnsâ BfpIfnð \nópw Hgnªp \nópw
Añmlphnsâ apónð \S¯pó k¼qÀ®kaÀ¸WamWv Ckvemw sImïv hnh£n¡póXv.
BcmWv \½psS {]hmNI³?
lminansâ aI\mb A_vZpð ap¯en_nsâ aI\mb A_vZpñbpsS Hma\ ]p{X³
apl½Zv(kz) BWv \½psS {]hmNI³. lminw Jpssdio tKm{X¡mc\mWv. Jpssdiv
Ad_v hwi¯nse AwKamWv. Jeoepñmln C_vdmlow \_n(A)bpsS ]p{X\mb
CkvamCuð \_n(A)bpsS hwi]c¼cbmWv Ad_v P\X.
apl½Zv \_n(kz) A¼nbm¡fntebpw apÀkepIfntebpw A´na\mWv. P\kaql¯n
s\móS¦w kXyZo³ {]t_m[\w sN¿phm\mbn«mWv At±ls¯ Añmlp {]hmNI\mbn
\ntbmKn¨Xv. krjvSnIfnse t{ijvT\mWt±lw. aämtc¡mfpw Añmlphn¦ð _lpam\mZc
hpIfpÅ hyànXzamWv Xncpta\n(kz). apgpP\X¡pw ImcpWyambmWv At±lw \ntbmKn
¡s¸«n«pÅXv. Añmlp ]dbpóXv ImWpI:
temIÀ¡v ImcpWyambns¡mïñmsX \nsó \mw Ab¨n«nñ. (A¼nbmAv: 107)
ASnØm\]camb Cu aqóv Imcy§sf IrXyambn a\Ênem¡n¡gnªmð ]nsó, Ckvem
ansâ kp{][m\§fmb aäp cïv BZÀi§sf¸än ]Tn¡m\ncn¡Ww.
GsXms¡bmWv {]kvXpX cïv BZÀi§Ä?
1. C_mZ¯v: GsXmcmfpw Añmlphnóp am{Xta C_mZ¯v sN¿mhq FóXv Ckvemansâ
ASnØm\ \nbaamWv. Añmlphns\ am{Xw Bcm[n¡pI, Ah\nð bmsXmónt\bpw
]¦v tNÀ¡mXncn¡pI Fó IWniamb \nÀt±iamWv Ckvemw a\pjycmin¡v \ðIp
óXv. AXp sImïpXsó, Añmlphns\ am{Xw Bcm[n¡póXnð AXoh XmXv]cyhpw,
IqdpamWv Hcp hnizmknbnepïmbncnt¡ïXv. Añmlphns\ am{Xw Bcm[n¡m³
hnapJX ImWn¡pó GsXmcph\pw Im^ndmsWóv ]dbm³ aSnImWnt¡ïXnñ.
2. inÀ¡v: Añmlphn\pÅ C_mZ¯nð AYhm Bcm[\bnð ]¦v tNÀ¡emWv inÀ¡v.
PohnX¯nð inÀ¡v hópt]mhmXncn¡m³ hnizmknIsfópw Pm{KXtbmsSbncn¡Ww.
AXnt\mSv IÀ¡i\ne]mSmWv kzoIcnt¡ïXv. inÀ¡pambn cmPnbmIpó Hscmä
AhØbpw \½psS PohnX¯nepïmbn¡qSm. inÀ¡p sN¿póh³ Im^ndmsWó
Imcy¯nð bmsXmcp kwibhpanñ.

apkvenamIm\pÅ \n_Ô\Ifpw BZÀis¯ _m[n¡pó kwKXnIfpw Page 1

Ckvemansâ Xmt¡mð
F´mWv Ckvemansâ Xmt¡mð?
Fóo cïv km£y hN\§fmWv Ckvemansâ Xmt¡mð.
Cu cïv km£ysamgnIÄ IqSmsX Ckvemante¡pÅ {]thi\w km[yañ.
Cu cïv samgnIfpsS Bibhpw XmXv]cyhpw F´mWv?
1. em Ceml Cññmlv: Añmlphn\p ]pdsa Bcm[n¡s¸Spó Hón\pw bYmÀY¯nð
C_mZ¯n\v AÀlXbnñ Fóv Øm]n¡pó hN\amWv CXv. AYhm, bYmÀY¯nð
Bcm[n¡s¸Sphm³ AÀl\mbn Añmlp AñmsX Cñ, Ahóv bmsXmcp ]¦vImc\p
anñ FóXmWv Cu km£ysamgnbpsS XmXv]cyw.
2. apl½Zp³ dkqepñmlv: A_vZpñbpsS aI\mb apl½Zv(kz) Añmlphn\mð \ntbmKn
X\mb ZqX\msWóv lrZbkmón[yt¯msS hnizkn¨v \mhpsImïv {]Jym]n¡p
IbmWv Cu km£yhN\¯nsâ XmXv]cyw. Añmlp At±l¯n\v {KÙahXcn¸n¨p
\ðInbn«pïv. Xsâ Zo\nsâ Imcyw At±ls¯ hnizknt¨ð¸n¨n«pïv. Xsâ Zo\nsâ
ktµiw {]t_m[\w sN¿m³ Ah\t±ls¯ NpaXes¸Sp¯nbn«pïv. {]kvXpX
ktµi {]t_m[\ taJebnð kw`hn¡mhpó apgph³ hogvNIfnð \nópw Añmlp
At±ls¯ ]cnc£n¨n«pïv XpS§nb Imcy§fnð hnizkn¡epw Cu km£ysamgn
bpsS ]cn[nbnð hcpóXmWv.
apl½Zv \_n(kz)¡pÅ A\pkcWs¯ AñmlphnópÅ A\pkcWambn«mWv
JpÀB³ hyàam¡nbn«pÅXv. AXv ImWpI:
""(Añmlphnsâ) ZqXs\ BÀ A\pkcn¡pópthm XoÀ¨bmbpw Ah³ Añmlpsh
A\pkcn¨p.'' (\nkmAv: 80)
\_n Xncpta\n(kz)bpsS Ið]\m \nÀt±i§sf [n¡cn¡m³ ]mSnsñóv Añmlp {]tXyIw
hne¡nbn«pÅXmWv. JpÀB³ ]dªp:
""BÀ Añmlpshbpw Ahsâ ZqXs\bpw [n¡cn¡pIbpw, Ahsâ (\nba) ]cn[nIÄ
ewLn¡pIbpw sN¿pópthm Ahs\ Añmlp \cImKv\nbnð {]thin¸n¡pw. Ah\Xnð
\nXyhmknbmbncn¡pw. A]am\Icamb in£bmWv AhópÅXv.'' (\nkmAv: 14)

em Ceml Cññmlv Fó km£y¯n\v A\nhmcyamb \n_Ô\IÄ

bYmÀY¯nð Bcm[\¡Àl³ Añmlp AñmsX Cñ Fó km£y hN\w Hcp hnizmkn
bnð kmÀYIambn¯ocWsa¦nð Nne \n_Ô\IÄ ]men¡s¸SWsaóv ]ÞnXòmÀ
\njvIÀjn¨n«pïv. JpÀB\nð \nópw kpó¯nð \nópapÅ tcJIsf apónð sh¨p
sImïmWv {]kvXpX \n_Ô\Isf AhÀ hniZoIcn¨n«pÅXv. Xmsg ]dbpó Ggv Imcy
§fmWv Ah.
1. Adnhv )‫(العلم‬: em Ceml Cññmlv Fó {]Jym]\¯nð Hcp \ntj[hpw Hcp
Øm]\hpapïv. \mhpsImïv D¨cn¡pó Cu hN\¯nse {]kvXpX Bibw lrZb
¯nð IrXyambpw t_m[ys¸«ncn¡Ww. \mhpsImïv ]dbpIbpw Fómð AXnsâ
Bibhpw XmXv]cyhpw AdnbmXncn¡pIbpw sNbvXmð AXpsImïv bmsXmcp]Imcw
DïmIm³ t]mIpónñ. AXp sImïpXsó, em Ceml Cññmlv Fó km£yhN\
¯nsâ Bibw Adnªp sImïmbncn¡Ww Hmtcm hnizmknbpw AXns\ DÄs¡mtÅ
ïXv. Añmlp ]dbpóp:
""BIbmð AñmlphñmsX bmsXmcp ssZhhpansñóv \o a\Ênem¡pI.'' (apl½Zv: 19)
""Adnªp sImïp Xsó kXy¯n\v km£yw hln¨hscmgnsI.'' (kpJvdp^v: 86)
AYhm X§fpsS \mhpIÄ sImïp¨cn¡pó em Ceml Cññmlv Fó kXy hN\¯nsâ
Bibw lrZbw sImïv AdnªhscmgnsI FóÀYw.
\_n(kz) ]dªp:
Dkvam³ (d) \nthZ\w. \_n(kz) ]dªp: ""em Ceml Cññmlv Fó km£yhN\w
a\Ênem¡nbpÄs¡mïv acWs¸«h³ kzÀK¯nð {]thin¨p.'' (apkvenw)

apkvenamIm\pÅ \n_Ô\Ifpw BZÀis¯ _m[n¡pó kwKXnIfpw Page 2

Añmlp AñmsX bYmÀY¯nð thsdmcp Bcm[y\nñ FóXmWv em Ceml Cññmlv
Fó hN\¯nsâ Bibsaóv \mw ap¼v a\Ênem¡pIbpïmbn. AtX kabw C_mZ¯v
sImïpÅ hnh£sb´mWv? Añmlp CjvSs¸SpóXpw Ahóv Xr]vXnbpïm¡póXpamb
apgph³ hm¡pIfpw, _mlyhpw B´cnIhpamb kIe {]hÀ¯\§fpw C_mZ¯msWóv
]dbmhpóXmWv.
2. ZrVX )‫(اليقين‬: HcmfpsS Adnhnsâ k¼qÀ®X ZrVXbneqsSbmWv ssIhcpóXv. Hcp
Imcys¯ kw_Ôn¨ Adnhv e`n¨mð A¡mcy¯nð ]nóoSv ktµlsam kwibsam
CñmXncn¡pI FóXmWv ZrVX. em Ceml Cññmlv Fó Iena¯nsâ XmXv]cyw
t_m[ys¸«p Ignªmð AXnsâ kzoImcyXbnð ZrVXbpïmbncn¡Ww. {]kvXpX
hnjb¯nð ]nsó ktµl§Ä Ahtijn¡cpXv. Cuam³ k^eambn¯ocWsa¦nð
ZrVX IqSntb Xocq. Añmlp ]dbpóp:
""Añmlphnepw Ahsâ ZqX\nepw hnizkn¡pIbpw ]nóoSv kwibn¡mXncn¡pIbpw,
X§fpsS kz¯p¡fpw icoc§fpw sImïv Añmlphnsâ amÀK¯nð kacw \S¯pIbpw
sNbvXhcmtcm AhÀ am{XamIpóp kXyhnizmknIÄ. AhÀ XsóbmIpóp kXy
hm³amÀ.'' (lpPpdm¯v: 15)
Hcp \_nhN\w {i²n¡pI:
A_q lpdbvd(d) \nthZ\w. \_n(kz) Acpfn: ""Añmlp AñmsX Bcm[y\nsñópw, Rm³
Añmlphnsâ dkqemsWópw km£yw hln¡pó HcmÄ B cïp hN\§fnepw bmsXmcp
ktµlhpanñm¯ \nebnð Añmlphns\ Iïpap«pópsh¦nð Ah³ kzÀK¯nð
{]thin¨p.'' (apkvenw)
3. \njvIf¦X )‫(اإلخالص‬: inÀ¡ns\ \ninXambn \ntj[n¡pó am\knI \nebmWv CXv
sImïv AÀYam¡póXv. icnbmb \n¿t¯msS, inÀ¡nsâ IdIÄ ]äm¯hn[w
IÀ½§sf kwip²am¡pI FóXmWv CJvemkv AYhm \njvIf¦X. em Ceml
Cññmlv Fó kXykm£y¯nsâ XmXv]cyamWXv. Añmlp ]dbpóp:
""AdnbpI: Añmlphn\v am{Xw AhImis¸«XmIpóp \njvIf¦amb IogvhW¡w.'' (kpaÀ:
3)
""\njvIf¦cmbn IogvhW¡w Añmlphn\v am{Xw B¡n sImïv EPpa\kvIcmb \nebnð
Ahs\ Bcm[n¡phm\pw, \akvImcw \ne\nÀ¯phm\pw kIm¯v \ðIphm\pw AñmsX
AhtcmSv IÂ]n¡s¸«n«nñ. AXs{X h{IXbnÃm¯ aXw.'' (_¿n\: 5)
\_n (kz) ]dªp: ""em Ceml Cññmlv Fóv \njvIf¦ambpw lrZb¯nð \nópÛq
XamIpó BßmÀYXtbmtSbpw {]Jym]n¡póh³ Fsâ i^mA¯p sImïv kt´mjn
¡póXmWv.'' (_pJmcn)
4. kvt\lw )‫(المحبة‬: em Ceml Cññmlv Fó km£yhN\t¯mSpw AXnsâ XmXv]cy
t¯mSpw Hcp hnizmkn¡v kvt\lapïmbncn¡Ww. B hN\w Ahsâ a\Ên\v BXy
´nIamb kt´mjw ]IcWw. JpÀB³ ]dªp:
""Añmlphn\v ]pdsabpÅhsc Ah\v ka³amcm¡pó Nne BfpIfpïv. Añmlpsh
kvt\ln¡póXv t]mse Cu BfpIÄ Ahscbpw kvt\ln¡póp. Fómð kXyhnizmkn
IÄ AñmlpthmSv AXniIvXamb kvt\lapÅhcs{X.'' (Að_Jd: 165)
hnizmknIfmb Xsâ ZmkòmÀ¡v XtómSmbncn¡pw Xo{hkvt\lapïmbncn¡pI Fó
hkvXpXbmWv Añmlp Cu Bb¯neqsS hyàam¡póXv. bYmÀY hnizmknIÄ Añmlp
hn\v kaòmsc kzoIcn¡póhcñ FóXp sImïmWv AhÀ¡Xn\v km[n¡póXv. Xsâ
dºnt\mSmWv Hcp Zmkóv IqSpXð kvt\lsaóv F§ns\ Xncn¨dnbm\mIpw? kz´w
XmXv]cy§tfbpw CÑItfbpw Añmlphnsâ Ið]\IÄ¡pw \nÀt±i§Ä¡pw apónð
Ah³ amddn sh¡pw. Añmlphnóv shdp¸pÅsXs´m AXv Ahópw shdp¸pÅXm
bncn¡pw. BcpambpapÅ kvt\lhpw AIðNbpw Añmlphnsâ BZÀit¯bpw, Ahsâ
dkqensâ C¯n_mCt\bpw, AhnSps¯ kpó¯nt\bpw amÀKZÀi\t¯bpw ]cnKWn¨m
bncn¡pw. Cu kz`mh\njvTIÄ Bcnepsïm Ah³ Añmlphnt\mSv Xo{hkvt\lapÅ
h\mWv Fóv a\Ênem¡mw.
Hcp lZokv {i²n¡pI:
A\kv(d) \nthZ\w. \_n(kz) Acpfn: ""aqóv Imcy§Ä Bcnepsïm Ah³ Cuam\nsâ
am[pcyw Adnªh\mWv: 1. Añmlphpw Ahsâ dkqepw aämtc¡mfpw Ahóv

apkvenamIm\pÅ \n_Ô\Ifpw BZÀis¯ _m[n¡pó kwKXnIfpw Page 3

{]nb¦ccmhpI 2. Añmlphnsâ (BZÀi¯nsâ) t]cnð am{Xw Hcp hyànsb kvt\ln
¡pI 3. \cImánbnte¡v Fdnbs¸SpóXv F{Xam{Xw A\njvSIcamsWm AXvt]mse,
Ip^vdnð \nóv Añmlp c£s¸Sp¯nbXn\v tijw hoïpw Ip^vdnte¡v Xncn¨p
t]mIpóXv A\njvSIcambn¯ocpI.'' (_pJmcn, apkvenw)
5. kXykÔX )‫(الصدق‬: lrZb¯nð Im]Ty¯n\v ISóphcm³ hgnsbmcp¡pó Ifhv
kz`mhw CñmXncn¡pI FóXmWv kXykÔX sImïv Dt±in¡póXv. Ifhnsâ
t\cnsbmcwiw t]mepw em Ceml Cññmlv Fó {]Jym]\¯nð DïmIm³ ]mSnñ.
XoÀ¯pw kXykÔambncn¡Ww AXnt\mSpÅ kao]\w. lrZbhpw \mhpw Cu
hnip²hmIyt¯mSv kXykÔamb Iqdv ]peÀ¯nbncn¡Ww. Añmlp ]dªp:
""At¸mÄ kXyw ]dªhÀ Bsc¶v Añmlp AdnbpIXsó sN¿pw. IÅw ]dbpóh
scbpw Ah\dnbpw.'' (A¦_q¯v: 3)
""kXyhpw sImïv hcpIbpw AXnð kXykÔambn hnizkn¡pIbpw sNbvXXmtcm
A¯c¡mÀ XsóbmIpóp kq£vaX ]men¨hÀ.'' (kpaÀ: 33)
apBZv _v\p P_ð(d) \nthZ\w. \_n(kz) Acpfn: ""Añmlp AñmsX Bcm[y\nsñópw
apl½Zv Añmlphnsâ Zmk\pw Ahsâ ZqX\pamsWópw a\km kXykÔambn km£yw
hln¨hóv Añmlp \cIw \njn²am¡nbncn¡póp.'' (_pJmcn, apkvenw)
6. IosgmXp¡w )‫(االنقياد‬: kXykm£y samgnIfpsS XmXv]cysas´m AXv kz´w
PohnX¯nð \S¸nð hcp¯m\pÅ kó²XbmWv IosgmXp¡w AYhm hnt[bXzw
FóXv sImïv hnh£n¡póXv. ]S¨h³ \nÀ_Ôam¡nbn«pÅ Imcy§sf, Ahsâ
{]Xn^eapt±in¨pw, {]oXn Imw£n¨pw sN¿m\mIpóXv Cu IosgmXp¡ kz`mhw
DïmIpt¼mÄ am{XamWv. Dt]£hcp¯pI FóXnsâ t\Àhn]coXamWv IosgmXp¡w
AYhm hnt[bXzw.
""\n§Ä \n§fpsS c£nXmhn¦te¡v XmgvatbmsS aS§pIbpw, Ahóp Iogvs]SpIbpw
sN¿phn³.'' (kpaÀ: 54)
""hñh\pw kZvhr¯\mbns¡mïv Xsâ apJs¯ Añmlphn\v kaÀ¸n¡pó ]£w Gähpw
Dd¸pÅ ]nSnIbdnð XsóbmWv Ah³ ]nSn¨ncn¡póXv.'' (epJvam³: 22)
AYhm em Ceml Cññmlv FóXmWv ChnsS Dd¸pÅ ]nSnIbdp sImïpt±iyw. Añmlp
hns\ am{Xw Bcm[n¡m\pÅ kó²XsbbmWv CXdnbn¡póXv.
Hcp {]hmNIsamgn hmbn¡pI:
A\kv _v\p amenIv(d) \nthZ\w. Añmlphnsâ dkqð(kz) AcpfpóXmbn Rm³ tI«p:
""kz´w k´m\t¯¡mÄ kz´w ]nXmhnt\¡mÄ asäñm P\§tf¡mÄ Rm³
{]nbs¸«h\mbn¯ocpthmfw \n§fnsemcmfpw hnizmknbmhpIbnñ.'' (apkvenw)
CXmWv Hcp hnizmknbnð \nópïmIpó \ncp]m[nIamb kvt\lhpw {]hmNI \nÀt±I
§Ä ]men¡m\pÅ IosgmXp¡ a\ØnXnbpw.
7. kzoImcyw )‫(القبول‬: XnckvIcn¡pI FóXnsâ hn]coXamWv kzoIcn¡pI FóXv.
Nnecpïv Hcp hkvXpXsb¸än hmbvtXmcmsX kwkmcn¨p sImïncn¡pw. AXnsâ
bmYmÀYys¯¸än Ah\dnbpIbpw sN¿mw. ]s£, {]kvXpX hkvXpXsb DÄs¡mÅm
\mhiys¸«mð Ah\Xv kzoIcn¡pIbnñ. Ahsâ ]nSnhminbpw Al¦mchpw Ahs\
AXnð \nóv XSbpóXmbncn¡pw. Añmlp hyàam¡nbXpt]mse:
""Añmlp AñmsX Hcp ssZhhpanñ Fóv AhtcmSv ]dbs¸«mð AhÀ Al¦mcw
\Sn¡pambncpóp.'' (kzm^v^m¯v: 35)
kXyw t_m[ys¸«n«pw AXv kzoIcn¡m\pÅ a\ØnXnbnñmbvabmWv, AYhm AhcpsS
Al¦mcamWv Añmlphnsâ in£¡v A[nI P\Xtbbpw hnt[bam¡nbXv Fóv
ImWm\mIpw.
\_n(kz) Hcp D]abneqsS C¡mcyw \s½ ]Tn¸n¡póXv ImWpI:
A_q aqk(d) \nthZ\w. Añmlphnsâ dkqð(kz) Acpfn: ""kòmÀKhpw hnÚm\hpambn
Añmlp Fsó \ntbmKn¨Xnsâ D]a `qanbnð s]bvXnd§nb aghÀjw t]msebmWv.
^e`qbnjvTamb {]tZi§Ä B agsb DÅnte¡v kzoIcn¨p, A§s\ AXpaptJ\
[mcmfw ]pñpw kkyhpw DZv]mZn¸n¡s¸«p. hcï \ne§fmIs« B agshÅs¯

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sI«n\nÀ¯n. AXp aptJ\ Añmlp]e D]Imc§fpw P\§Ä Dïm¡ns¡mSp¯p.
BfpIÄ AXnð \nóv IpSp¡pIbpw, PetkN\w \S¯pIbpw IrjnIfpïm¡pIbpw
sNbvXp. AtX kabw thsdmcp kaXe {]tZi¯v B agtbät¸mgmIs«, AXv shÅs¯
sI«n \nÀ¯pItbm, kkyeXmZnIÄ DZv]mZn¸n¡pIsbm sNbvXnñ...'' (_pJmcn)
em Ceml Cññmlv apl½Zp³ dkqepñ Fóv \mhpsImïv {]Jym]n¡pó Imcy¯nð
am{Xambn Cu \n_Ô\IÄ HXp§pónñ. Cu hN\§fpsS Bibhpw XmXv]cyhp
a\pkcn¨v {]hÀ¯n¡póXnepw Cu \n_Ô\IÄ ]men¡s¸SWw. F´p sImsïómð
Cu cïv km£ysamgnIfpw \½psS IÀ½§fpsS km[pX¡pw kzoImcyX¡pw
A\nhmcyamb ASnØm\ LSI§fmWv. hnizmknbpsS Hmtcm IÀ½¯nepw, Añmlphnóv
am{Xw Fó CJvemkpw (BßmÀYX), Añmlphnsâ dkqent\mSpÅ C¯n_mDw
(]n³]äð) Dïmbncn¡Ww. F¦nte B IÀ½w Añmlphn¦ð kzoImcytbmKyamhp
IbpÅq.
BßmÀYambn Añmlphns\ Bcm[n¡m\pw, Ahsâ hn[nhne¡pIÄ¡v IosgmXp§m\pw,
Ahsâ \nÀt±i§Ä A\pkcn¡m\pw X¿mdmbmð "em Ceml Cññmlv' Fó {]Jym]\w
kmÀYIambn. {]hmNI Xncpta\nsb ]n´pScm\pw AhnSps¯ A[ym]\§sf kzoIcn
¡m\pw, Xncpta\n(kz) \ntcm[n¨ Imcy§fnð \nóv AIóp \nð¡m\pw X¿mdmbmð
"apl½Zp³ dkqepñmlv' Fó {]Jym]\hpw kmÀYIambn¯oÀóp. Cu cïv DðIrjvS
hmIy§Ä sImïñmsX Hcp apkvenan\v hnPbw km[yañXsó. Ch cïpañm¯
BZÀi¯nte¡v t]mIpóXv \njn²amWv.

Pohn¯nð Ckvemans\ Cñmbva sN¿pó kwKXnIÄ

Añmlp bYmÀY kXy¯nsâ ]mXtbXmsWóv \ap¡v ]T¸n¨p Xón«pïv. CkvemamWXv.
Ckvemans\ DÄs¡mï Hcp hyànbnð Nne kwKXnIfpïmbn¯oÀómð AXh\nse
CkvemanImZÀis¯ XIÀ¡pIbpw Ah³ CkvemanI hr¯¯nð \nóv ]pd¯p
t]mhpIbpw sN¿pw. A]ISImcnIfmb {]kvXpX kwKXnIsf kw_Ôn¨mWv Xmsg
hniZoIcn¡póXv.
1. Añmlphn\pÅ Bcm[\bnð inÀ¡v sN¿pI
CkvemanImZÀis¯ XIÀ¡pó Gähpw KpcpXcamb ]mXIamWv inÀ¡v. hnip² JpÀB³
inÀ¡ns\ kw_Ôn¨v At\Iw Øe§fnð Xm¡oXv \ðInbn«pïv. apivcn¡pIfpsS
tamiamb ]cnWXnsb¸änbpw AXnð F¼mSpw hniZoIcn¨n«pïv. inÀ¡v Fó ]Zhpw
AXnð \nóv \njv]óamIpó {]tbmK§fpw JpÀB\nð 160 ]cw {]mhiyw JpÀB\nð
]cmaÀin¨Xmbn ImWmw. inÀ¡ns\ kw_Ôn¨ Añmlphnsâ ]cmaÀiw hmbn¡pI:
""Xt¶mSv ]¦ptNÀ¡s¸Sp¶Xv AÃmlp Hcn¡epw s]mdp¡pIbnÃ. AsXmgn¨pÅsXÃmw
Ah³ Dt±in¡p¶hÀ¡v Ah³ s]mdp¯psImSp¡p¶XmWv. BÀ AÃmlpthmSv ]¦p
tNÀ¯pthm Ah³ XoÀ¨bmbpw KpcpXcamb Hcp IpäIrXyamWv Na¨pWvSm¡nbncn
¡p¶Xv.'' (\nkmAv: 48)
""AÃmlpthmSv hÃh\pw ]¦ptNÀ¡p¶ ]£w XoÀ¨bmbpw AÃmlp Ah¶v kzÀKw
\njn²am¡p¶XmWv. \cIw Ahsâ hmkkvYeambncn¡pIbpw sN¿pw. A{IanIÄ¡v
klmbnIfmbn Bcpw Xs¶bnÃ.'' (amCZ: 72)
inÀ¡nsâ Kuchs¯ kw_Ôn¨v hfsc IrXyamb hnhcamWv tase hmbn¨ Bb¯p
Ifnð \nóv \ap¡v e`n¡póXv.
Añmlphnt\mSv ]¦vImsc \nÝbn¡emWv inÀ¡v. AXv Ahsâ dp_q_n¿¯nemIs«
Deqln¿¯nemIs« KuchapÅ {]iv\amWv. BfpIfnð Gähpw IqSpXð inÀ¡v
`hn¡póXv Añmlphnsâ Deqln¿¯nemWv FóXmWv A\p`hw.
inÀ¡v cïpXcapïv:
Hóv: henb inÀ¡v ) ‫(شرك األكبر‬: Hcp hnizmknsb CkvemanI hr¯¯nð \nópw
]pd¯m¡pó inÀ¡mWnXv. Cu inÀ¡v sNbvXp sImïv Añmlphns\ Iïpap«póhóv
imizXamb \cI PohnXambncn¡pw e`n¡pI. BßmÀYamb ]Ým¯m]w sImïñmsX
Añmlp Cu inÀ¡v s]mdp¯p XcpIbnñ.

apkvenamIm\pÅ \n_Ô\Ifpw BZÀis¯ _m[n¡pó kwKXnIfpw Page 5

cïv: sNdnb inÀ¡v ) ‫(شرك األصغر‬: PohnX¯nð Cu inÀ¡v kw`hn¡póXp aptJ\ HcmÄ
CkvemanI hr¯¯nð \nópw ]pd¯mhpIbnñ. ASnØm\ BZÀiamb XuloZv
Ah\nenñ Fópw ]dªpIqSm. Fómð XuloZnsâ k¼qÀ®Xsb AXv _m[n¡p
óXmWv. sNdnb inÀ¡v sNbvXh\mbn ]ctemI¯v F¯pó HcmfpsS AhØ
Añmlphnsâ Xocpam\¯n\\pkcn¨mbncn¡pw. AYhm Añmlp Dt±in¨mð Ahóv
s]mdp¯p sImSp¡pw AXsñ¦nð Ahs\ in£¡v hnt[bam¡pw.
2. CSbmfòmsc kzoIcn¡pI
Hcp hyàn X\n¡pw AñmlphnópanSbnð a[yhÀ¯nIsf kzoIcn¡pIbpw AhtcmSv
{]mÀYn¡pIbpw AhtcmSv ip]mÀi¡v tXSpIbpw, Xsâ Imcy§sf Ahcnð `ctað
¸n¡pIbpw sNbvXmð Ah³ Im^ndmbn¯ocpw Fó Imcy¯nð apkvenw D½¯v
GIm`n{]mb¯nemWv. Zo\nsâ ktµi§Ä P\§Ä¡nSbnð {]t_m[\w sN¿m\pÅ
{]hmNIòmcpsS a[yhÀ¯nXzañmsX, {kjvSmhn\pw krjvSnIÄ¡panSbnð aäp bmsXmcp
Xc¯nepÅ a[yhÀ¯nXz¯ntâbpw Bhiyanñ.
3. apivcn¡pIsf kXy\ntj[nIfmbn {]Jym]n¡mXncn¡pI
Añmlphnð ]¦v tNÀ¡pIbpw Ah\nte¡v a[yhÀ¯nIsf B{ibn¡pIbpw sN¿póhÀ
kXy\ntj[nIfmWv. A¡mcy¯nð \aps¡mcp ktµlapïmIm³ ]mSnñ. apivcn¡pIfpsS
aXhpw BZÀihpw icnbmsWóv ]dbpóXpw Ahsc kXy\ntj[nIfmbn ImWmXncn¡p
óXpw Ip^vdmWv. icnbmb CkvemanI t_m[anñm¯ht\ AÆn[w {]hÀ¯n¡q.
4. CkvemanI \nba§Ä k¼qÀ®añ Fó hnizmkw
\_n(kz)bpsS amÀKw A]qÀ®amsWópw CXc aXmZÀi§Ä k¼qÀ®hpw, PohnX¯n\v
Gähpw A\ptbmPyhpamsWópw Hcp apkvenw hnizkn¡m³ ]mSpÅXñ. ssZ\wZn\
{]iv\§fnð CkvemanI \nba§tf¡mÄ CkvemantIXc \nba§Ä¡v {]m[m\yw
\ðIpI, CkvemanI \nbakwlnX B[p\nI ImeL«¯n\v A\ptbmPyañ Fóv
hnizkn¡pI, CkvemamWv apkvenwIfpsS kw`hIme ]nóm¡mhØ¡v ImcWw Fóv
\nco£n¡pI, AñmlphpambpÅ _Ô¯nð am{Xw Zo\ns\ HXp¡n \nÀ¯pIbpw
PohnX¯nsâ aäp Imcy§fnð \nóv AXns\ amän \nÀ¯pIbpw sN¿pI XpS§nb
Imcy§sfñmw HcmfpsS CkvemanImZÀis¯ XIÀ¯p IfbpóXmWv. Añmlp ]dªp:
""BÀ Añmlp AhXcn¸n¨X\pkcn¨v hn[n¡pónñtbm AhÀ XsóbmWv A{IanIÄ.''
(amCZ: 44)
""Cñ, \nsâ c£nXmhns\¯sóbmW kXyw; AhÀ¡nSbnð `nóXbpïmb Imcy¯nð
AhÀ \nsó hn[nIÀ¯mhm¡pIbpw, \o hn[nIð]n¨Xns\¸än ]nóoShcpsS a\ÊpIfnð
Hcp hnjahpw tXmómXncn¡pIbpw, AXv ]qÀ®ambn k½Xn¨v A\pkcn¡pIbpw sN¿pó
Xphsc AhÀ hnizmknIfmhpIbnñ.'' (\nkmAv: 65)
Añmlphnsâ \nbaw XsóbmWv t{ijvTw Fóv hnizkn¡sh¯só, AXns\ Is¿m
gnªv CXc \nba§sf A\phZ\obambn kzoIcn¡póXv Ip^vdmbn¯ocpóXmWv.
5. {]hmNI³ ]Tn¸n¨ GsX¦nepsamcp kpó¯nt\mSv shdp¸pïmhpI
\_n(kz) ]Tn¸n¨p Xó GsX¦nepsamcp kpó¯ns\ shdp¡póXv Ip^vdmWv. Ah³ B
kpó¯v A\pjvTn¡pópsï¦nepw icn. hnizmk]camb Im]TyamWv AXneqsSbh³
sN¿póXv. I]Thnizmkn \cI¯nsâ ASn¯«nemWv hknt¡ïnhcnI. AXn\v ImcW
apïv, Añmlp ]dbpóp:
""AsX´psImsïómð Añmlp AhXcn¸n¨Xns\ AhÀ shdp¯v Ifªp. At¸mÄ
AhcpsS IÀ½§sf Ah³ \njv^eam¡n¯oÀ¯p.'' (apl½Zv: 9)
6. Ckvemanse GsX¦nepsamcp kwKXnsb ]cnlkn¡pI
\_n(kz) {]t_m[\w sNbvXpXó hnip² Ckvemansâ GsX¦nepsamcp BZÀit¯sbm,
AXv ]Tn¸n¡pó GsX¦nepw {]Xn^et¯sbm in£tbsbm Xami¡p t]mepw ]cnlkn
¡m³ ]mSpÅXñ. A§s\ sN¿póXv Ip^vdmsWó Imcy¯nð cïp]£anñ. Añmlp
]dbpóXv hmbn¡pI:
""]dbpI: Añmlpshbpw Ahsâ ZrjvSm´§sfbpw Ahsâ ZqXs\bpamtWm \n§Ä
]cnlkn¨p sImïncn¡póXv? \n§Ä HgnIgnhpIsfmópw ]dtbï. hnizkn¨Xn\v tijw
\n§Ä Ahnizkn¨p Ignªncn¡póp.'' (Xu_: 65, 66)

apkvenamIm\pÅ \n_Ô\Ifpw BZÀis¯ _m[n¡pó kwKXnIfpw Page 6

7. knlvÀ sN¿pI
amcWhr¯nbnteÀs¸SpóXpw AXn\v kzbw kzm[o\apsïóv hnizkn¡póXpw Ip^vdn
te¡v sImsï¯n¡póXmWv. Añmlphnsâ {]kvXmh\ AXnópÅ hyàamb
tcJbmWv. t\m¡pI:
""(F¶m lmdq¯pw amdq¯pw) GsXmcmÄ¡v (amcWhnZy) ]Tn¸n¡pt¼mgpw, R§fptSXv
Hcp ]co£Ww am{XamIp¶p; AXn\m (CXv D]tbmKn¨v) ssZh\ntj[¯n GÀs]ScpXv
F¶v AhÀ ]dªpsImSp¡mXncp¶nÃ. (_Jd: 102) knlvÀ Ip^vdnte¡v \bn¡psaó
KuchXcamb kwKXnbnte¡mWv Cu Bb¯v shfn¨w hoipóXv.''
8. apkvenwIÄs¡Xncnð apivcn¡pIsf klmbn¡pI
icnbmb CkvemanI BZÀihpw \njvTIfpw Im¯pkq£n¡pó apkvenwIÄs¡Xncnð
\nesImÅpóXpw, AhÀs¡Xncnð _lpssZhmcm[IÀ¡v klmbnIfmbn hÀ¯n¡póXpw
Ip^vdp XsóbmWv. Añmlp ]dªp:
""\n§fnð \nómsc¦nepw Ahsc (blqZscbpw ss{IkvXhtcbpw) Däan{X§fmbn
kzoIcn¡pó ]£w Ah\pw Ahcnð s]«h³ XsóbmWv. A{IanIfmb BfpIsf
Añmlp t\Àhgnbnem¡pIbnñ; XoÀ¨.'' (amCZ: 51)
9. apl½Zv \_n(kz)bpsS icoA¯nð \nóv amdn Pohn¡m\pÅ A\phmZapïv Fóv
hnizkn¡pI
{]tXyIw Nne hyànIÄ¡v apl½Zv \_n(kz)bpsS icoA¯v _m[Iasñópw AhÀ¡v
AhcptSXmb XzcoJ¯pambn Pohn¡msaópw apkvenwIfnð Nnesc¦nepw hnizkn¡mdpïv.
JfnÀ (A) aqkm \_n(A)bpsS Ime¯p Pohn¨ncpón«pw At±lw aqkm\_nbpsS
icoA¯nembncpónñ Pohn¨ncpóXv Fó \ymbamWv A¯cw BfpIÄ AXn\v
]dbmdpÅXv. kXy¯nð Cu \ymbhmZw Ip^vdmWv. Añmlp ]dbpóXv ImWpI:
""Ckvemw Añm¯Xns\ Bsc¦nepw aXambn B{Kln¡pó ]£w AXv Ah\nð \nóv
Hcn¡epw kzoIcn¡s¸SpóXñ. ]ctemI¯nð Ah³ \jvS¡mcnð s]«h\pambncn¡pw.''
(Bep Cwdm³: 85)
10. Añmlphnsâ Zo\nt\mSv hnapJX ImWn¡pI
Ckvemans\ sam¯¯ntem, AXnsâ k¼qÀ®X¡v A\nhmcyamb GsX¦nepw his¯
{]tXyIns¨m XÅn¡fbpóXpw, Ckvemans\ ]Tn¡m\pw, BNcn¡m\pw hnapJX
ImWn¡póXpw kXy\ntj[amWv. Añmlp ]dbpóXv hmbn¡pI:
""Xsâ c£nXmhnsâ ZrjvSm´§sf¸än Dðt_m[\w \ðIs¸«n«v Ahbnð \nóv
XncnªpIfªhs\¡mÄ A{Ianbmbn Bcpïv? XoÀ¨bmbpw A¯cw IpähmfnIfpsS
t]cnð \mw in£m\S]SnsbSp¡póXmWv.'' (kPZ: 22)

Ahkm\ambn

apIfnð {]kvXmhn¨Xv Hcp hnizmknbnse CkvemanImZÀis¯ \in¸n¨v Ifbpó

kp{][m\amb Nne kwKXnIfmWv. t_m[]qÀhw, Xamibmbn, `bwaqew Fón§s\bpÅ
hyXymkw C¡mcy¯nenñ. Fómð, aÀ±\¯n\pw, h[{ia¯n\pw aäp imcocnI
]oU\§Ä¡pw hnt[bambn«mWv C¯cw kwKXnIÄ HcmfnepïmbXv F¦nð, AbmfpsS
lrZb¯nð Cuam³ IpSnsImÅpónSt¯mfwImew AXv Ip^vdmbn¯ocpIbnñ.
hnizmknIÄ Pm{KXm]qÀhw {i²bnseSpt¡ï hnjbamWv hniZoIcn¡s¸«Xv. AXv
\nÊmc Imcyañ. hnizmk cwKs¯ kmcambn _m[n¡pó kwKXnIfmWv. BIbmð
C¯c¯nepÅsXmópw \nXyPohnX¯nð hóp`hn¡mXncn¡m³ Hmtcm apkvenapw
{i²ImWn¡Ww. Añmlphnsâ ITn\amb in£¡v hnt[bam¡pó apgph³ {]h
À¯\§fnð \nópw \ap¡ht\mSv Imhens\ tXSmw.
Npcp¡¯nð, XuloZv Ckvemansâ ASnØm\ BZÀiamWv. Fñm¯cw inÀ¡nð \nópw
_nZvA¯nð \nópw apàambn Bcm[\ Añmlphn\v am{Xam¡pt¼mgmWv XuloZv
kmÀYIambn¯ocpóXv. XuloZv DÄs¡mÅpóXneqsSbñmsX CkvemanI {]thi\w
km[yañ Xsó. Bcm[\bnð Añmlphns\ GI\m¡m¯, aphlvlnZñm¯ HcmfpsS
\akvImcsam, t\ms¼m, kIms¯m, lsÖm ]S¨X¼pcm³ kzoIcn¡pIbnñ. F´p

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sImsïómð aphlvlnZñm¯h³ apivcn¡mWv; Bcm[\bnð Añmlphn\v ]¦vImsc
\nÝbn¡póh\mWh³. apivcn¡nsâ IÀ½§Ä hrYmhnemWv, Ahsâ ]m]§Ä,
]Ým¯]n¡m¯nSt¯mfw, s]mdp¡s¸Sm¯hbmWv. Añmlp ]dªp XóXv hmbn¡pI:
""XoÀ¨bmbpw \n\¡pw \nsâ ap¼pÅhÀ¡pw ktµiw \ÂIs¸«n«pÅXv CXs{X:
(Añmlphn\v) \o ]¦mfnsb tNÀ¡pó ]£w XoÀ¨bmbpw \nsâ IÀ½w \njv^eambn
t¸mIpIbpw XoÀ¨bmbpw \o \jvS¡mcpsS Iq«¯nð BIpIbpw sN¿pw.'' (kpaÀ: 65)
bYmÀ° apkvenapIfmbn, aphlvlnZpIfmbn Pohn¡m³ Añmlp \s½ A\p{Kln¡s«,
sNdpXpw hepXpamb inÀ¡pIfnð \nóv Ah³ \s½ kwc£n¡s«. CkvemanImZÀis¯
\in¸n¡pó apgph³ kwKXnIfnð \nópw Añmlp \ap¡v ]cnc£ \ðIs«. Bao³

apkvenamIm\pÅ \n_Ô\Ifpw BZÀis¯ _m[n¡pó kwKXnIfpw Page 8