NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,SRINAGAR

ASSIGNMENT ON: FORCE EXERTED BY A JET ON A

MOVING FLAT PLATE

FORCE EXERTED BY A JET OF WATER ON A MOVING

VERTICAL PLATE IN THE DIRECTION OF MOTION OF THE
PLATE.

Consider the fluid flow system depicted in the figure below. A

fluid jet issues from the nozzle and strikes a flat plate arranged
normal to but moving with a velocity u in the direction of jet

The velocity with which the jet strikes the plate will not be its
absolute velocity V but will be the relative velocity V-u between
the jet and the plate. Subsequent analysis is then made by
assuming the plate to be stationary and the jet moving with a
velocity V-u. Evidently the quantity of fluid mass that strikes
the plate equals A(V-u).
Further the jet gets deflected through 90 and so the
component of velocity of the leaving jet in a direction normal to
the plate assumes a zero value. Then invoking impulse
momentum principle, the force exerted by the jet in a direction
normal to the plate is
F n = m(V1 V2) = A(V-u)[(V-u)-0]
= A(V-u) 2

Work done by the jet on the plate = A (V-u)2u

The input of the jet to the plate will be the kinetic energy
supplied by the jet.
Kinetic energy of jet = (mV 2)
= (AV)V 2
Efficiency of the system = work done on the plate/kinetic
energy of jet.
= 2/V 3 (V2u+u3-2Vu2)
Maximum work done = 4/27(AV3)
Maximum efficiency = 8/27
With a single moving plate the distance between the nozzle and
the plate goes on constantly increasing at the rate of u per
second, and would require a continuous lengthening of the jet
at this rate in order to strike the plate. In practical engineering
applications a series of flat plates is mounted on the periphery
of a wheel and this wheel turns when the fluid jet impinges onto
a plate. A portion of the fluid missed by one plate gets
deflected by the next if the setup is properly designed i.e., the
plates are arranged properly around the circumference of the

wheel.

Because of continuous action, the entire fluid mass issuing from

the jet is considered to strike the plates
Force exerted on the plate is then given by = AV(V-u)
Work done = Force distance moved = AV(V-u)u
The kinetic energy of the issuing jet will be input of the jet of
the plate
Kinetic energy = (mV2) = (AV)V2 = (AV3)
Efficiency of the system is
= work done on the wheel/kinetic energy of
the jet
= 2u(V-u)/V 2
Maximum efficiency
max =