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POPULATION

DIVERSITY
Chapter 8 and9

Key terms
Demographic
Population

Transition Model

explosion

Monsoon Asias people


Variation in
Ethnicity
Languages
Clothing
Beliefs
Religion
Traditional ceremonies and celebrations

Religion
Religion

is an important part of all Monsoon Asia cultures.

Religion

influences peoples values and the way they behave, and


can bring people together or divide them. (e.g. India, Pakistan and
Bangladesh).

Religion

can affect the way people live and their attitudes towards
their families and communities. (e.g. caste system, role of men and
women, birth control ).

Age-sex structures
Which

pyramid shows

Ageing

population

Youthful
Effects

population

of immigration

Singapore
Japan
Pakistan
In

summary, . Has an ageing population while . Has a youthful


population.

The Demographic Transition


Model
People per 1000

60
50
Birth Rate

40
30
20
10
0

Death Rate

STAGE 1 STAGE 2 STAGE 3 STAGE 4 STAGE

Stages of the Demographic Transition


Model
Stage

1
2
3

Birth Rate

High
High
Falling

Death Rate

High
Falling
Low

Natural
Increase
Rate

Social and
Economic
Characteristics

Low

Traditional rural society,


mainly poor farmers
with large families

Rising

Typical of countries at
the beginning of
industrialisation

High-Falling

Industrialisation and
rapid urbanisation.
Smaller families.
Improved education

Low

Low

Low

Highly urbanised,
technological society.
Small families. High
levels of education

Very low

Low

Natural
Decrease

Highly urbanised,
technological society.
Small families. High

Case study: Japan


Ageing
Pyramids
Why?

p 95

Ageing because
Smaller

families by choice because high child-rearing costs. Late


marriage and families-emphasis on education and careers.

Consequences

Case study: India


Youthful
Pyramid
Why?

p 97

Youthful because
High

birth rates and falling death rates

Children

provide labour and wages

Child-rearing
Religious
Children

costs are low

beliefs-high value on children

seen as insurance against future problems

Consequences?

Boys vs girls
What

are the perceived advantages of having a son?

What

are the perceived disadvantages of having a daughter?

What

are the consequences?

Change
Populations

are growing

Populations

are becoming more urbanized

Poverty

is declining

Population

growth rates are falling

Populations

are ageing

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