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Hydraulic Turbines
Hydraulic Turbines
Amera Ashraf
HYDRAULIC
ENERGY
TURBINES
MECHANICAL
ENERGY
CLASSIFICATION OF TURBINES
According to the type of energy at inlet:
Impulse turbine:
runner:
Tangential flow turbine:
If water flows along the tangent of runner,the turbine is
known as Tangential flow turbine.
Pelton turbine is a
& outlet is
atmospheric.
PELTON TURBINE
Impulse Turbine(Pelton
Turbine)
from inward to
outward the turbine is
known as Outward
radial flow turbine.
FRANCIS TURBINE
PROPELLER
TURBINE
KAPLAN TURBINE
Kaplan Turbine is
Kaplan Turbine
are:
1.Scroll casing
2.Guide vanes
mechanism
3.Hub with vanes
4.Draft tube.
mechanism
Hub with vanes
Draft tube.
Types of turbine
Pelton wheel with one nozzle
Pelton wheel with two or more
nozzle, Multi jet pelton wheel
Francis turbine
Kaplan turbine
Based on disposition of
turbine shaft
Turbine shaft may be either vertical or
Based on name of
originator
Pelton wheel : Tangential flow impulse
turbine
Advantages of Pelton
turbine
Most efficient of all turbines
Disadvantages of Pelton
turbine
Decrease in efficiency with time
Components have large size
Variation in the operating head is very
difficult to control
The operating head cannot be utilized even
when the variation in the tail water level is
relatively large when compared to total head
Disadvantages of Francis
turbine
Advantages of Kaplan
Turbine
In Kaplan Turbine Runner vanes are
adjustable
In Kaplan Turbine very low head is required
In Kaplan Turbine has very small number of
blades 3 to 8
In Kaplan Turbine very less resistances
have to be over come
Disadvantages of Kaplan
Turbine
In Kaplan Turbine
in vertical direction
In Kaplan Turbine
required
In Kaplan Turbine
In Kaplan Turbine
required
THANK YOU