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Chapter 17: Database System Architectures
Chapter 17: Database System Architectures
17.2
Centralized Systems
Run on a single computer system and do not interact with other
computer systems.
unit, single user, usually has only one CPU and one or two hard disks;
the OS may support only one user.
17.3
17.4
Client-Server Systems
Server systems satisfy requests generated at m client systems, whose
17.5
The interface between the front-end and the back-end is through SQL or
17.6
easier maintenance
17.7
17.8
Transaction Servers
Also called query server systems or SQL server systems
17.9
Server processes
17.10
Checkpoint process
17.11
17.12
Buffer pool
Lock table
Log buffer
17.13
Data Servers
Used in high-speed LANs, in cases where
Locking
Data Caching
Lock Caching
17.14
Locking
17.15
Lock Caching
17.16
Parallel Systems
Parallel database systems consist of multiple processors and multiple
powerful processors
17.17
Measured by:
speedup = small system elapsed time
large system elapsed time
Scaleup: increase the size of both the problem and the system
Measured by:
scaleup = small system small problem elapsed time
big system big problem elapsed time
17.18
Speedup
17.19
Scaleup
17.20
Transaction scaleup:
17.21
bus, disks, or locks) compete with each other, thus spending time
waiting on other processes, rather than performing useful work.
17.22
communication bus;
17.23
Interconnection Architectures
17.24
common disk
17.25
17.26
Shared Memory
Processors and disks have access to a common memory, typically via
17.27
Shared Disk
All processors can directly access all disks via an interconnection
subsystem.
17.28
Shared Nothing
Node consists of a processor, memory, and one or more disks.
17.29
Hierarchical
Combines characteristics of shared-memory, shared-disk, and shared-
nothing architectures.
processors.
virtual-memory architectures
17.30
Distributed Systems
Data spread over multiple machines (also referred to as sites or nodes).
Network interconnects the machines
Data shared by users on multiple machines
17.31
Distributed Databases
Homogeneous distributed databases
17.32
stored locally.
replicated at remote sites, and system can function even if a site fails.
17.33
sites
17.34
Network Types
Local-area networks (LANs) composed of processors that are
17.35
Local-area Network
17.36
discontinuous connection:
Data is replicated.
17.37
End of Chapter 17
Figure 17.01
17.39
Figure 17.02
17.40
Figure 17.03
17.41
Figure 17.04
17.42
Figure 17.05
17.43
Figure 17.06
17.44
Figure 17.07
17.45
Figure 17.08
17.46
Figure 17.09
17.47
Figure 17.10
17.48
Figure 17.11
17.49