CHUYN : CHUI PHN NG HA HC

Bi 1. Xc nh cc cht A, B, C, D v vit cc phng trnh phn ng trong s chuyn ho sau :

A
B
C
C3H8
C2H4(OH)2
C
D
p n: A CH4
B: C2H2
C: C2H4
D: C2H4Cl2
Bi 2. Xc nh A, B, D, E v vit cc phng trnh phn ng .
Polivinyl axetat

(1)

(2)

(3)

p n: A CH3COOC2H3 B: CH3CHO

(4)

C2H5OH

(7)E

D: CH3COOH

B (5)
D

(8)

(6)

E: CO2

Bi 3. Vit cc phng trnh phn

(3) ng ho hc theo s bin ho sau (km theo iu kin nu c)
CH4 (1)
A1 (2)
A2 (4)
A3 (5)
A4 (6)
A5 (8)
CH4
p n: A1C2H2

(7)

A2: CH3CHO

A3: C2H5OH A4 CH3COOH A5: CH3COONa

Bi 4. Cho s chuyn ho
sau :
+ HCl
B
170oC
AH2SO4

xt

E
to

+M

D
R
Vi A, B, D, E, R, M l k hiu cc cht hu c, v c khc nhau. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng v
ch ra cc cht (bit phn t A cha hai nguyn t cacbon).
p n: A: C2H5OH
B: C2H4
D: H2O
E: C2H5Cl R: NaOH
Bi 5. Hon thnh chui phn ng sau (cho bit A l hp cht hu c mch thng):
A + NaOH d B + C
B + HCl
D + NaCl
D + CaCO3
E + CO2 + H2O
dd NH3
D + Ag2O
Ag + CO2 + H2O
H2SO4 /180o
C
F + H2 O
trng hp
o
xt, P, t
F
Poly propylen (nha PP)
p n: A: HCOOC3H5 B: HCOONa
C: C3H5OH
Bi 6. Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng trong s sau di dng cng thc cu to , ghi r
iu kin cn thit.
C 2 H4
CH4

C2H6O2

C 2 H2

C6H10O4
C2H4O

C2H4O2

Bi 7. Hon thnh s phn ng sau:

C6H8O4 (A) +
NaOH

X
+
Y
+
Z
X
+
H2SO4

E
+
Na2SO4
Y
+
H2SO4

F
+
Na2SO4
H SO 180 C
F
R
+
H2O
Bit rng E v Z tham gia phn ng trng gng . R l axit c cng thc phn t l C 3H4O2 . Xc
nh cng thc cu to c th c ca A v vit cc phng trnh phn ng .
p n: R: CH2 = CHCOOH
Y: CH3CHOHCOONa E: HCOOH
Z: CH3CHO
2

Bi 8. C 4 cht A,B,C,D c cng thc n gin nht l CH. Bit rng:

nC
Polistiren
+H2 1:1
D
D1

Cao su BuNa
B

B1

Anilin
A

B
Xc nh A, B,C,D v vit cc phng trnh phn ng dng cng thc cu to .
p n: A: C8H8
B: C6H6
A: C2H2
D: C4H4
*
Bi 9 . Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A,B,D,E,F,G,K bit rng chng l cc cht hu c khng
cha qu 3 nguyn t C v khng cha halogen.Vit cc phng trnh phn ng .
B
E
F (C2H6O)
A
D
G
K (C2H6O)
p n: A: C3H8
B: C2H4
E: CH3CHO
F: C2H5OH
D: CH4
G: CH3OH
Bi 10. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng theo s sau (cc cht hu c vit di dng cu to) :
o
A1 dd NaOH c, d, t cao, p cao
A2 dd HCl
A.
Toluen

Br2, Fe

Br2, askt

A4
A7

dd NaOH c, d, to cao, p cao

dd NaOH, t0

A8

CuO, to

A5
A9

dd HCl

A6 .

Ag2O/NH3, to

A10 .

Bit A1, A4, A7 l cc cht ng phn c cng thc phn t C7H7Br.

Bi 11. Hon thnh dy bin ho sau vi A1A5 l cc cht+ HCl
v c hoc hu c.
A5
+ NaOH
A(C3H6O2)
A1
A2
A3
+ KOH
A4
p n: A : CH3COOCH3
A1: CH3OH
A3: (NH4)2CO3
Bi 12:
+2NaOH

+2NaOH +2NaOH

C3H6 A B C D E H2
p n
A: BrCH2CH2CH2Br
B: HO (CH2)3 OH
Bi 13*: Hon ton s phn ng sau
A
E
B

C6H12O6 C2H5OH

E: CH2(COONa)2

C
F
Bit A,B,C,D,E l nhng cht hu c hoc v c thch hp.
p n A: tinh bt
B: CO2 C:Xenluloz F: CH3COOH D: CH3CHO E:C2H4
Bi 14. Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng theo s sau :

(Mi ch ci ng vi mt hp cht hu c, mi mi tn l mt phng trnh phn ng, ch dng

thm cc cht v c , xc tc).
p n: D CH3COOH E: (CH3COO)2Ca
F: CH3COONa
Bi 15. Cho s bin ha:

Bit A l mt trong cc ng phn ca Y c cng thc C 6H5C2H5, t l s mol A v Cl 2 l 1 : 1, A5

l axit cacboxylic.
Xc nh A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, B1, B2, B3.Vit cc phng trnh phn ng minh ha bin ha trn.
Bi 16: Cho A,B,C,...l cc cht hu c khc nhau, M l mt loi thuc tr su, X l mt cht kh
iu kin thng.
Ch dng tc nhn phn ng l cc cht v c
BPVC
E
XAD GHX
M L
I KCao su
p n: A: C2H2 B: C2H3Cl D: CH3CHO E C2H5OH H: CH3COONa
Bi 17: Hon ton s phn ng sau
E
+KMnO4

+ HCl

TNT A B C D F
+Cl2 (1:1) + NaOH

+HCl

+ Br2 /H2O

F G HK
Bi 18: Hon ton s phn ng sau
B C
+Br2 /CCl4

A
+NaOH,tO

H
Bi 19:
a)

G D,E,F
O

ZnO, Al2O3 t

I
+NaOH

C2H4O2 D
C4H8O2

C2H4O2

+CuO

C2H6O E
b)

+NaOH

C2H4O2
C4H6O2

CH4

+H2/Ni

CH3CHO E
C4H6
c)
+C2H2
C2H4O2 D
C2H4O2 C4H6O2
+H2/Ni
CH3CHO E C2H4O2
Bi 20:
C3H8OH A C3H6O2 C3H5ClO2 C3H6O3 C3H4O2 B PMA
Bi 21: Cho s phn ng sau:
Xenluloz

H2O
+

H ,t

HCl
t l mol 1 : 1

D1

men ru
NaOH, to

D2

men gim
Ni, to

D3

H2SO4, to

D4

D5

D6

Cho bit D4 l mtt trong cc sn phm ca phn ng cng HCl vo cc nguyn t cacbon v tr
1,4 ca X ; D6 l 3 - metylbutanol - 1. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca cc cht hu c D 1, D2, D3,
D4, D5, D6, M v vit cc phng trnh phn ng ho hc xy ra .
Bi 22:
EF
CH4 A B D Cao su BuNa
GH