How to reduce the impact of

cold stress and heat stress

Heat stress
Heat stress in dairy cattle is one of the leading causes
of production and fertility. These losses are apparent in
the decreased amount of milk shipped, increased days
open and decreased breeding's per conception.

Symptoms of heat stress

25 and 65 degrees Fahrenheit ( ideal

temperature).
80 degrees Fahrenheit (reduced feed intake).
90 degrees Fahrenheit or above (dramatic
decrease in milk production ranging from 3 to
20 percent.

Ration balancing
Nutrient
Crude protein

Net energy (lactation)(Mcal per

pound)

Daily dry matter

intake
50
40
pounds
pounds

16%

0.73

19%

0.83

Reducing the temperature

Increasing the amount of water.
Increasing air flow.
Provide shades
Misters

Cold stress
Cold temperatures, win, rain and snow can create
stress and affect energy requirements of the animal.
Cold weather can increase intake of cattle up to 30%
due to increased maintenance energy requirements.

Prevention in cold stress

Water is critical and should always be

provided.
Provide higher quality forages or supplement
Extra feed needed
energy with grain or by- products.
Temperatur
e

Extra TDN needed

Hay (lbs/day)

Grain (lbs/day)

50F

+30F

10F

20%

3.5-4

2-2.5

-10F

-40%

7-8

4-6

Feed thin and young cows separate and

provide more energy

Provides simple windbreaks, shelters, bush, or
bedding during cold weather to help cattle
cope with cold temperatures.
Feed cattle in late afternoon and early
evening.

Tips for the Feedlot

Be careful not to increase feed delivered

greatly during storms and cold weather.

Try to stick to the same feed schedule.
Strategic use of bedding can help reduce
stress.
Switch to afternoon or evening feeding.