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EMPro Workshop 4.0
EMPro Workshop 4.0
Agenda
Introduction
Getting started with the standalone EMPro EM simulation work
flow with examples
Getting started with EMPro 3D component work flow in ADS
with examples
3D Solid modeling basic in EMPro
Advanced Topics
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Introduction
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What is EM Simulations?
Electro-Magnetic simulation is numerical analysis technique that solves electromagnetic field distribution problems, described by Maxwell equations
Differential Form
Integral Form
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3D arbitrary structures
Full Wave EM simulations
Handles much larger and complex problems
Time Domain EM
Simulate full size cell phone antennas
EM simulations per each port
GPU based hardware acceleration
FDTD
3D Arbitrary Structures
Full Wave EM Simulation
Direct, Iterative Solvers
Frequency Domain EM
Multiport simulation at
no additional cost
High Q
FEM
MoM
3D Planar structures
Full Wave and Quasi-Static
Dense & Compressed Solvers
Frequency Domain
Multiport simulation at
no additional cost
High Q
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FDTD
FEM
MoM
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FDTD
FEM
MoM
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Response/Analysis Type
MoM, FEM
FDTD
- RF/MW filters
- Signal Integrity
- Oscillators
- Transitions
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FDTD
- Packages
- Interconnect networks
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Geometry Modeling
Voltage/Current, Sheet
Ports
CAD Data
Port / Feed
Grid / Meshing
FDTD
Grid/Mesh
Port/Feed Setup
CAD File
Import
FDTD
FEM
Drawing
in
EMPro
Geometry
Data
Material
Editor
FEM
Mesh
Setup
Waveguide Ports
(only for FEM)
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Simulation Setup
Post-Processing
Finish
FDTD
FDTD
Result Window
FEM
FEM
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Geometry Tools
Customizable Tool Bars
Simulator
Toggle
Button
WorkSpace Window
Project Tree:
Port/Feed
Sensors
Materials
Waveforms
Boundary
Grid/Mesh
Python Script
View Tools
(Under View
menu as well)
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Visualization
SMA
Solder Blocks
S-parameters
PCB
Meshes
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Library Window
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Location: Select or choose a 2D face on object where the waveguide port will be
located
2.
3.
4.
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Column Titles
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Name
of
project
listed
3D Visualization
Simulation ID:
Multiple simulations
can be displayed
Suggested Data
Organization
Domain:
Selected
Data type
Results:
Available
Result Data
Selected
Data
Window
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Instructor Demo
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Simulation Setup
Reference Impedance
Tasks
Create two waveguide ports (SMA input and PCB microstrip output)
Use EMPro_Workshop_Library to place SMA connector on the board
Plot S-parameters
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Visualization
S-parameters
Meshes
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Instructor Demo
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Simulation Setup
Simulation Engine: FEM
Simulation frequencies and sweep: 8 ~ 12.5GHz Adaptive Freq Sweep and 10GHz Single Frequency
Set Field Storage to User Defined Frequencies to store the field data only at the specified frequencies
Simulation Accuracy (Delta-S): 0.01 (1%)
Solver: Direct Solver
Tasks
Simulate the design with two different disc sizes. Plot the results on the same graph and visualize the E-field data on vertical
cut plane
- disk_r = 1 mm
- disk_r = 1.8 mm
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Quasi-Yagi Antenna *
Visualization
S-parameters
Meshes
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Instructor Demo
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TDR Respond
Meshes
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Instructor Demo
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Monopole Antenna
Meshes
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3D
Mesh Viewer
2D
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Instructor Demo
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Magnetron Eigen-Mode
Field Plot
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Instructor Demo
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2D Port Solver
E field
H field
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Instructor Demo
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Common Mode
Characteristic
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* : FDTD Simulation
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Instructor Demo
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EMPro designs can be directly accessed from ADS as OA (Open Access) library
components
Where is it used?
The EM design can be optimized for not only linear s-parameters but
also non-linear design specifications such as IP3 or gain compression
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Parameters
(Parametric Design)
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Instructor Demo
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Parameters
(Parametric Design)
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Setup goals. In this case, the return loss, S11 and S22, lower
than -30dB are goals to achieve
Running optimization
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Instructor Demo
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Project Setup
ADS Project to use: EMPro_3D_Comp_Strip2Via_wrk
EMPro Library to add: EMPro_3D_Components_Library
Open TestBench schematic and drag/drop the lookalike symbol of Strip2Via_Transition and complete the schematic
Simulation Setup
Simulation setting from EMPro project will be automatically used
o Solver selection
o Basis function
o Simulation Accuracy (Delta-S)
Tasks
Add EMPro 3D component library to ADS workspace
Use EMPro 3D component in ADS schematic
Set a variable to EMPro parameter via_ring_r to via_ring_radius
Set optimization values range from 18 to 24 and set the default to 20
Run an optimization
Plot optimized S-parameters (S11 and S21) vs. freq
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Create
Create menu is to create a new 3D/2D model
Three steps with using Create command for 3D solid modeling
1.
2.
3.
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Trimming edges, Trim Edges , will trim the lines unused. Always make sure the 2D
sketch is completely closed to avoid any warning or problems
Use entry window to enter coordinates: Press Tab button to active the entry window
while you are in the 2D sketch window
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Draft By Angle
Draft By Law
Hole Special
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Instructor Demo
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Modify
Select the object first that is to be modified in order to enable the modify menus
Most of them are for 3D objects except Offset Sheet Edges and Thicken Sheet
Blending
Chamfering
Shelling
Offset Edges
Loft Faces
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Instructor Demo
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Local
Coordinate
W
Part
V
U
Z
Global
Coordinate
Y
X
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W
Part
Reference
Coordinate
W
U
Z
Global
Coordinate
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Presets
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When you want your local coordinate to be either on existing objects face or
vertex point, you can use Direction Picking Tools in Specify Orientation
Different options:
Origin = Lock on a vertex point of an existing object
Simple Plane = Pick up the face of an existing object
Normal = Normal to the face of an existing object
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Copy
Copying part(s) works the same way as in Windows. Select a part(s) to copy and paste in Parts
under Project Tree
Move
Use Modify/Transform/Translate Move the part by the specified or user entered distance
Use Specify/Orientation Move the part by moving the local coordinate of part
Alignment
Use Locator
o A locator(s) can be created from the part
o These locators can be used to match two parts
Boolean
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Instructor Demo
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Parameterization
Any parameter can be created and associated to any geometry parameters
such as the radius of circle
Value : Value from the formula Ex) 1.414 from the above example
Description : Comments
Delete parameters
Add new
parameters
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Advanced Topics
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Topics
EM Simulation Technologies
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Advanced Topics
EM SIMULATION TECHNOLOGIES
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Preparing a 3D structure:
Complete simulation domain segmented using E fields as unknowns
Boundary conditions to truncate simulation domain
At a given frequency:
E-field at each mesh cell is solved
One sparse matrix solve for all port excitations
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At a given frequency:
Current in each mesh cell is solved
One compressed matrix solve for all port excitations
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t1
Rectangular Grid
E&H based
Preparing a 3D structure:
Complete simulation domain segmented using E and H fields as
unknowns
t2
t3
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Advanced Topics
WHAT ARE EM PORTS AND PORTS PARASITIC?
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Not calibrated (with parasitics), but can be defined anywhere without restrictions
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Also if there is a change on the direction of current, it induces an inductance, which may
depend on how wide the conductor is
These parasitics can be reduced by parallelizing current sources attached, which becomes a
sheet port
Port parasitics:
I/N
Induced inductance
Most
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Node 1 Excited
Node 2 Excited
Mode 1 Excited
Mode 2 Excited
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Modal S-parameters to Nodal (or Single Ended) S-parameter conversion requires defined
characteristic impedance at ports
Zpv: Power-voltage relationship, requires the impedance line to calculate the voltage
Zvi: Voltage-current relationship, requires the impedance line to calculate the voltage
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Z?
=
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N*h
w
h
(N+1) * w
N
15
6 ~ 15
Range
6
5
4
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About
Right
Too
Small
Extend surface to the ground plane, but avoid extending beyond the ground
plane
Too
Big
About
Right
Too
Small
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Two ways to model multi-conductor lines in EMPro. Consider the case of two signal lines
sharing a common ground plane
One waveguide surface
with multiple modes
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DUT
Finite Ground
Via
Infinite Ground
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Advanced Topics
HOW DOES FEM MESHING WORK?
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Advanced Topics
FEM SURFACE/EDGE/VERTEX MESHING
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Edge Meshing
Standard Meshing
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From a part(s) from Project Tree , use Grid / Meshing / Meshing Properties menu
From FEM simulation setup window, use "Mesh/Refinement Properties / Initial Meshes
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Advanced Topics
HOW DOES FDTD MESHING WORK?
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Advanced Topics
FDTD CONFORMAL MESHING
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Too Much
Short Circuit
Non-Orthogonal Shapes
Coarse Meshes
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Meshed
Properly
From a part(s) from Project Tree , use Grid / Meshing / Enable Conformal Mesh menu
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Advanced Topics
BOUNDING BOX AND BOUNDARY CONDITION
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Absorbing
PEC
: FEM, FDTD
PMC
: FEM, FDTD
Periodic
: FDTD
E-Symmetry : FEM
M-Symmetry : FEM
PEC
PMC
Tangential E = 0
Boundary
condition
applied
Tangential H = 0
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Advanced Topics
EM SOLVERS AND BASIS FUNCTIONS
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Solve Process
FEM
FEM
MoM
FDTD
Spatial Domain
Full 3D
3D Layered
Full 3D
Domain
Frequency
Frequency
Time
Mesh
Adaptive
Fixed
Fixed
Solve Technique
System Solve
System Solve
Time Stepping
Pass 1
Pass n
Error
Estimation
@f
Initial Mesh
Substrate
Solve @ f
Adaptive
Frequency
Sweep
Initial Mesh
Mesh
Refinement
Discretize
@f
Determines:
o
Directly the expected accuracy of the S-parameter
results:
o
Delta S = 0.02 expected accuracy on S of
Solve @ f
o
MOM
Adaptive
Frequency
Sweep
Converged?
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Solver Types
FEM supports two types of solvers:
Microstrip
nbUnknowns
Memory
Duration
29k
160 Mb
6s
29k
40 Mb
7s
18k
85 Mb
5s
QFN Package
nbUnknowns
Memory
Duration
211k
1.21 Gb
28 s
211k
0.23 Gb
28 s
257k
1.28 Gb
39 s
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Basis Functions
Mathematical method to approximate the field values at edges and faces
1st order is less efficient in approximating smooth field variations but use less memory
2nd order is less efficient for anisotropic varying fields
0-th order
1-st order
2-nd order
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Useful Links
EMPro Homepage
http://www.keysight.com/en/pc-1297143/empro-3d-em-simulation-software?nid=34278.0.00&cc=US&lc=eng
EMPro Forum
http://www.keysight.com/owc_discussions/forum.jspa?forumID=111
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