Fire Prevention, Detection and

Protection
Safe Systems Of Work Volume 2

E. Shikhkerimov
Safety Advisor

What Is a Fire?
Fire is a chemical process involving the vaporization
and oxidation of a combustible material accompanied
by the release of energy in the form of heat and light.
Keep in mind, only vapors burn.
Combustion equation:
Substance + Oxygen

Oxidation Products Energy

e.g. CH4 + 202 = 2H20 890 kj

Purpose of This SSoW

Provides information necessary for ensuring
the safety of:
Personnel
Buildings
Installations, and
Plant
with regard to fire prevention, detection and
protection

Site Manager/Offshore
Installation Manager
Responsibilities:
Compliance with this SSOW on the site
Fire protection and emergency procedures
Training/drills in fire protection for site
personnel
Ensuring the maintenance of fire fighting
systems on his site

Area Authority
Responsibilities:
Compliance with this SSOW in his area
Fire prevention/housekeeping standards
All fire fighting equipment in good order
Safe operation with regard to fire hazards
Risk assessments

All Personnel
Responsibilities:
Informing their supervisor about potential
risks
Fire-safe behavior
Actions in the event of fire alarm
Actions to discover a fire

Fire Prevention

The Fire Triangle identifies the three components of

any fire:

Fuel paper, wood, flammable gas, energized electrical equipment,

etc...
Energy (heat), sufficient to support combustion. Often referred
to as the ignition source.
Oxidizer (air)
IF ANY ONE OF THESE IS MISSING, A FIRE CANNOT
CONTINUE.
THEREFORE

Prevention
Prevention is based on
eliminating or minimizing
one of the components
of the Fire Triangle.

Housekeeping
Work areas - free of flammable materials
All spills involving flammables - clean
immediately
Proper dispensing techniques
Work areas - free of dust
Waste to be properly segregated and disposed
Provide proper ventilation
Provide proper signs

Risk Assessments
Ignition sources
Proximity of combustible materials to work
area
Possible consequences of fire
Fire fighting equipment/staff
Contingency plans
Competency of personnel

Hazardous Areas
Zone 0: flammable atmosphere is continuously
present or present for long periods
Zone 1: flammable atmosphere is likely to occur
in normal operation
Zone 2: flammable atmosphere is not likely to
occur in normal operation, or exists for short time
None-Hazardous: an area not one of Zone 0, 1 or 2

Handling and Storage

Awareness
Training
PPE
Fire fighting equipment
Separation of flammables from source of fire
Ventilation
Containment
Signs and labels

Fixed Fire Detection Systems

Heat detectors
Smoke detectors
Flame detectors

Personnel

Induction
Site specific fire and emergency procedures
Means of escape
Response Teams
Training/Drills

Fixed Fire Fighting Equipment

Sprinklers
Deluge system
High expansion foam flooding system
CO2 fire suppression system

Portable Fire Fighting and Fire

Detection Equipment
Extinguishers
Fire blankets
Gas meters