Trng H Khoa Hc T Nhin Tp.

H Ch Minh
TRUNG TM TIN HC

Lp trnh Android
Bi 1: Tng quan v lp trnh Android
v Mi trng pht trin

Ngnh Mng & Thit b di ng

www.t3h.vn

2015

Ni dung
1. Tng quan Android
H iu hnh Android
Ti sao lp trnh trn Android?

2. Kin trc Android

3. Mi trng pht trin ng dng Android
4. To ng dng u tin
5. Cp nht Android API
6. Ci t v s dng Android Virtual Device (AVD)

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

1.1 H iu hnh Android

Lch s pht trin

Nm 2003, Android Inc. c thnh lp bi Andy Rubin, Rich

Miner, Nick Sears v Chris White ti California.
Nm 2005, Google s hu Android cng vi cc v tr qun l.
Nm 2007, OHA (Open Handset Alliance) c thnh lp bi
Google cng vi nhiu nh sn xut thit b phn cng, thit
b khng dy v vi x l. Cng b nn tng pht trin Android.
Nm 2008, thit b HTC Dream l phin bn th h u tin
hot ng vi h iu hnh Android 1.0.
Nm 2010, Google khi u dng thit b Nexus vi thit b
u tin ca HTC l Nexus One.
Nm 2013, ra mt lot thit b phin bn GPE.
Nm 2014, Google cng bo Android Wear, h iu hnh dnh
cho cc thit b eo c.

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

1.1 H iu hnh Android

Cc phin bn h iu hnh

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

1.1 H iu hnh Android

Cc phin bn h iu hnh

Phin bn 1.x:
Android 1.0 (API 1)
Android 1.1 (API 2)
Android 1.5 Cupcake (API 3)
Android 1.6 Donut (API 4)

Phin bn 2.x:
Android 2.0 Eclair (API 5) Android 2.0.1 (API 6) Android 2.1 (API 7)
Android 2.2 2.2.3 Froyo (API 8)
Android 2.3 2.3.2 Gingerbread (API 9)
Android 2.3.3 2.3.7 Gingerbread (API 10)

Phin bn 3.x:
Android 3.0 Honeycomb (API 11)
Android 3.1 Honeycomb (API 12)
Android 3.2 Honeycomb (API 13)

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

1.1 H iu hnh Android

Cc phin bn h iu hnh

Phin bn 4.x:
Android 4.0 4.0.2 Ice Cream Sandwich (API
14)
Android 4.0.3 4.0.4 Ice Cream Sandwich (API
15)
Android 4.1 Jelly Bean (API 16)
Android 4.2 Jelly Bean (API 17)
Android 4.3 Jelly Bean (API 18)
Android 4.4 Kit Kat (API 19)
Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

1.1 H iu hnh Android

Cc phin bn h iu hnh

Phin bn 5.x:
Android 5.0 Lollipop (API 21)
Android 5.1 Lollipop (API 22)

Phin bn Android M

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

1.2 Ti sao lp trnh trn Android

Xu th pht trin cng ngh di ng

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

1.2 Ti sao lp trnh trn Android

Xu th pht trin cng ngh di ng

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

1.2 Ti sao lp trnh trn Android

Xu th pht trin cng ngh di ng

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

1.2 Ti sao lp trnh trn Android

Xu th pht trin cng ngh di ng

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

1.2 Ti sao lp trnh trn Android

Xu th pht trin cng ngh di ng

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

1.2 Ti sao lp trnh trn Android

Th trng thit b Android

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

Ni dung
1. Tng quan Android
2. Kin trc Android
Cu to
Kin trc phn mm
Ngn ng lp trnh

3. Mi trng pht trin ng dng Android

4. To ng dng u tin
5. Cp nht Android API
6. Ci t v s dng Android Virtual Device

(AVD)
Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

2.1 Cu to
Android c hnh thnh da trn nn tng

Linux nhn 2.6, t phin bn 4.0 s dng

Linux nhn 3.x.
Android bao gm 3 thnh phn chnh:

Middleware
Cc th vin v API vit bng C
Cc ng dng thc thi vit bng Java
S dng my o Dalvik bin dch m .dex

(Dalvik Excuteable) sang Java bytecode.

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

2.2 Kin trc

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

2.3 Ngn ng lp trnh

C th s dng cc ngn ng lp

trnh:

Java

C/C++

JNI

XML

Render Script

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

Ni dung
1. Tng quan Android
2. Kin trc Android
3. Mi trng pht trin ng dng Android
Gii thiu Android Developer Tools Bundle (ADT)
v Android Studio
Thit lp mi trng pht trin
4. To ng dng u tin
5. Cp nht Android API
6. Ci t v s dng Android Virtual Device (AVD)

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

3.1 Gii thiu Android Developer Tools

Bundle (ADT) v Android Studio
Android Developer Tools Bundle (ADT) bao gm:

Eclipse + ADT plugin

Android SDK Tools
Android Platform Tools
Phin bn h iu hnh Android
Tp tin ci t h iu hnh cho my o

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

3.1 Gii thiu Android Developer Tools

Bundle (ADT) v Android Studio
Android Studio l cng c lp trnh da trn nn IntelliJ,

cung cp cc tnh nng mnh m hn ADT, bao gm:

H tr xy dng d n dng Gradle.
H tr sa li nhanh v ti s dng cu trc phng thc
Cung cp cc cng c kim tra tnh kh dng, kh nng hat
ng ca ng dng, tng thch nn tng
H tr bo mt m ngun v ng gi ng dng.
Trnh bin tp giao din cung cp tng quan giao din ng
dng v cc thnh phn, cho php tu chnh trn nhiu cu
hnh khc nhau.
Cho php tng tc vi nn Google Cloud.
Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

3.2 Thit lp mi trng pht trin

c th lp trnh trn nhiu phin bn ca cc h iu

hnh. C th nh sau:
Microsoft Windows 8/7/Vista/2003 (32 or 64-bit).
2 GB RAM tr ln.
Dung lng a ng cn trng t nht 400 MB.
t nht 1 GB cho Android SDK, emulator system images v
caches.
phn gim ti thiu 1280 x 800.
Java Development Kit (JDK) 7 tr ln.
Ty chn thm cho accelerated emulator: h tr b x l
Intel vi cc phin bn: Intel VT-x, Intel EM64T (Intel
64), v tnh nng Execute Disable (XD) Bit.
Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

Ni dung
1. Tng quan Android
2. Kin trc Android
3. Mi trng pht trin ng dng Android
4. To ng dng u tin

Khi to d n

Cu trc d n

AndroidManifest

5. Cp nht Android API

6. Ci t v s dng Android Virtual Device (AVD)
Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

4.1 Khi to d n
Khi chy Android Studio, xut hin mn hnh Welcome

to Android Studio chn Start a new Android Studio

project to d n Android Studio
t tn cho ng dng v tn domain
Chn thit b (device) m bn mun pht trin ng dng

Ch : Minimum SDK l phin bn thp nht c ch nh chy

ng dng v mt s cc phng thc API s c gi b sung trong
phn th vin h tr.
Chn Blank Activity v nhn Next.
Nhp thng tin ca Activity Finish

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

4.2 Cu trc d n

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

4.2 Cu trc d n
Cu trc d n c th chia thnh phn sau:

Phn 1: thanh cng c ny rt tin li. N gip chng ta thao

tc nhanh cc chc nng thng dng khi lp trnh
Phn 2: l phn dnh cho cu trc h thng ca ng dng. Cu
trc d n c th chia thnh phn sau:
Th mc:

src: Th mc ny cha cc file m ngun .java cho d n ca bn.

gen: Th mc ny cha file R.java - 1 file c trnh bin dch sinh ra
c kh nng tham chiu ti tt c cc ti nguyn trong d n. Bn
khng nn chnh sa file ny.
bin: Th mc ny cha cc file *.apk (Android Package file) c
build bi ADT.
res/drawable-hdpi: y l th mc cha cc i tng drawble
c thit k dnh cho cc mn hnh c phn gii cao.
res/layout: y l th mc cha cc file layout cho vic thit k giao
din.
res/values: y l th mc dnh cho cc file XML khc cha 1 tp
hp cc ti nguyn, v d nh: cc nh ngha v strings, colors.
Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

4.2 Cu trc d n
Cu trc d n c th chia

thnh phn sau:

Phn 2: l phn dnh cho
cu trc h thng ca ng
dng. Cu trc d n c th
chia thnh phn sau:
Tp tin:

AndroidManifest.xml:
cha thng tin ci t
ng dng.
Ngoi ra cn c th mc
assets cha tt c cc
tp tin khng bin dch
nh: m thanh, hnh nh,
tp tin CSDL ca ng
dng

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

4.2 Cu trc d n
Cu trc d n c th chia thnh phn sau:

Phn 3: l ni hin th cc iu khin (control) m Android h

tr, cho php bn ko th trc tip vo phn 4 (Giao din thit
b) thit k.

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

4.2 Cu trc d n
Cu trc d n c th chia thnh

phn sau:
Phn 4: l vng giao din thit b, cho
php cc iu khin (control) ko th
vo y. Chng ta c th chn cch
hin th theo nm ngang - nm ng,
phng to - thu nh, cn chnh iu
khin, la chn loi thit b hin
th, ...
Phn 5: Khi mn hnh ca bn c
nhiu iu khin (control) th phn 5
ny rt cn thit. N hin th giao
din theo dng cu trc cy nn bn
d dng quan st v la chn iu
khin khi chng b chng lp trn
giao din.
Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

4.2 Cu trc d n
Cu trc d n c th chia thnh phn sau:

Phn 6: cho php thit lp trng thi hay thuc tnh cho cc
iu khin trn giao din.

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

4.3 AndroidManifest
Vai tr ca tp tin AndroidManifest.xml:

Lu tr thng tin tn gi ng dng, tn ti duy nht mt tn

gi cho mi ng dng.
V d: com.htsi.myfirstapp

Cho bit ng dng s dng cc thnh phn no, mi thnh

phn c khai trong mt cp th.
V d: <activity>.</activity>

nh ngha tin trnh qun l cc thnh phn ng dng.

nh ngha cc quyn s dng API v truy xut ng dng
khc.
Qui nh cc yu cu khi c ng dng khc truy xut.
Khai bo cp API ti thiu xy dng ng dng.
Khai bo cc th vin c lin quan.
Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

Ni dung
1. Tng quan Android
2. Kin trc Android
3. Mi trng pht trin ng dng Android
4. To ng dng u tin
5. Cp nht Android API
6. Ci t v s dng Android Virtual Device (AVD)

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

5. Cp nht Android API

S dng cng c SDK Manager

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

Ni dung
1. Tng quan Android
2. Kin trc Android
3. Mi trng pht trin ng dng Android
4. To ng dng u tin
5. Cp nht Android API
6. Ci t v s dng Android Virtual Device (AVD)

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

6. Ci t v s dng Android Virtual

Device (AVD)
To my o:
Khi chy Android Virtual Device Manager (AVD Manager).
Chn thit b mun to.
Chn phin bn h iu hnh mun to.
Nhn Finish hon thnh to my o.
Chn my o va to Start.
Ch cc thng s:
- Device Name: tn thit o cn to (thng t tn theo phin bn).
- Device Type: loi thit b mun to, c cc la chn: Phone/ Tablet,
Android Wear, Android TV.
- Screen: rng v phn gii cho mn hnh.
- Memory: b nh thit b.

Bi 1. Tng quan v lp trnh Android v mi trng pht trin

Lp trnh Android Module 1

35