Formula Sheet

Constants:

k e (1 4 0 ) 9.0 10 9 N .m 2 / C 2
e 1.6 10 19 C
me 9.11 10 31 kg
m p 1.67 10 27 kg
c 3.00 108 m / s
h 6.63 10 34 j.s 4.14 10 15 eV .s
1.055 10 34 j.s 6.59 10 16 eV .s

1eV 1.6 10 19 j
Circular and Rotational Motion:
f i t

f i i t 1 t 2
2

2f

i2

2 ( f i )

ac v 2 r ,
I

at r

mi ri2

r F

v r,

r F sin

r F Fd
I

L r P
L r p sin
L I
ext d L d t
W ( ) ( f i )

P
K rot 1 I 2
2
K 1 I 2 1 mv 2
2
2

Electric Field:

F k e (q1q 2 r 2 ) r12

E k e (q r 2 ) r

F qE
Electric Potential:
V k e (q r )
V E d

U k e (q1q 2 r12 )
U q (V ) qEd
Magnetic Field:

FB q v B

FB q vB sin
FB q v B m v 2 r
q B m,
T 2 m qB

I A

B
Modern Physics:

P A eT

5 . 670 10

W / m 2 .K

max T 2.898 10 3 m . k
I ( , T ) (2 c k B T 4 ) , k B 1.38 10 23 J / K

I ( , T ) 2 h c 2 5 (e hc / k BT 1)

E h f
k max h f h f E0
Vstop K max e (h e)( f f c )
c h c
0 (h me c ) (1 cos )
C h me c 0.00243 nm
hc 0 hc K e
E0 E hc 0 hc

ph ,
f E h
eV h f max hc min

x p x 2 ,

E t 2

E n ( h 2 8mL2 ) n 2 , n 1, 2, 3, ...

f ( Ei E f ) h (k e e 2 ) (2a0 h) 1 n 2f 1 ni2

1 R H (1 2 2 1 n 2 ) , R H 1.097 10 7 m 1
me v r n n h 2 , n 1, 2, 3, ...

n m

0
2

(1 m 1 n )

, 0 9.118 10 8 m

E n 13.6 eV n 2 , n 1, 2, 3, ...
1 fm 10 15 m ,

1 pm 10 12 m