CHAPTER 2: CARBON COMPOUND

CARBON COMPOUND:
ORGANIC COMPOUND:
INORGANIC COMPOUND:
Isomerism: phenomenon where 2/more compound have SAME
.. but DIFFERENT
Isomers: compounds of SAME but DIFFERENT
..(same chemical properties & different physical
properties)

HYDROCARBON
A type of organic compound contain carbon & hydrogen only
Saturated hydrocarbon
Unsaturated hydrocarbon
Contain only single covalent
bonds
Contain maximum possible no
of hydrogen atoms per carbon

Contain double or triple bonds

Contain fewer hydrogen
atoms per carbon atom
compared to a saturated

N OF ALKANE

ION REACTION

TION/BROMINATION)

ON OF ALKENE

HYDROGENATION

HALOGENATION

HYDRATION

CONDITION

EQUATION

OBSERVATION

Excess O2: complete

combustion
Limited O2: incomplete
combustion

Alkane+O2CO2+H2O
(complete)
Alkane + O2 CO +
H2O
(incomplete)

Presence of sunlight or
ultraviolet

Burn with more sooty

flame due to high % of
C atoms but than
alkane
flammable: large
molecule

Excess O2: complete

combustion
Limited O2: incomplete
combustion

Alkene+O2CO2+H2O
(complete)
Alkenes + O2 CO +
H2O (incomplete)

Burn with more sooty

flame due to high % of
C atoms
flammable: large
molecule

Catalyst:
platinum/nickel
temperature: 180C
Room condition
Use Cl2: chlorination
process
Use Br2: bromination
process
Catalyst: phosphoric
acid
Tempt: 300C,
Pressure: 600 a.t.p

Alkenes + H2 Alkane
Alkenes + chlorine
dichloroalkane
Alkenes + bromine
dibromoalkane
Alkenes + steam
Alcohol

Brown colour of Br
decolourised bcoz
alkenes is unsaturated,
addition reaction occur
wen Br H2O added to
alkenes

FATS

NATURAL ESTERS FOUND IN ANIMALS(SOLID) AND

PLANTS(LIQUID)

CONTAIN C, H, O
MADE UP OF 3 MOLECULES OF FATTY ACIDS & A MOLECULE
OF GLYCEROL

TYPE OF BOND
PHYSICAL STATE
AT ROOM

SATURATED
FATS

UNSATURATED
FATS

Single bond b/w

carbons atoms

At least a
double bond
b/w carbons
atoms

Solid

Liquid