Part 1: Understanding Questions

1) What is the definition of the kernel of a transformation? Explain how you find a basis for the kernel of a
linear transformation.
2) What is the definition of the range of a transformation? Explain how you find a basis for the range of a
linear transformation.
3) What is the definition for a transformation to be surjective (also known as onto)? How do you show that a
transformation is surjective?
4) What is the definition for a linear transformation to be injective (also known as one to one)? How do you
show that a transformation is injective?
5) What is the definition for a linear transformation to be bijective? How do you show that a transformation is
bijective?
6) What is the definition for a linear transformation to be invertible? How do you determine when
transformations going from are invertible?
7) Explain the difference between domain, codomain, and range (students often confuse these terms!)

Part 2: Practice the Concepts using the following exercises:

1) For each of the following linear transformations (no need to prove they are linear), do the following:
a) State the domain and codomain of the transformation.
b) Find a basis for the kernel of the transformation.
c) Find a basis for the range of the transformation.
d) Determine if the transformation is injective, surjective, bijective, or none of these.

i) ([ ]) = + +

ii) ([

+
iv) ( 3 + 2 + + ) = [

]) = 2 + +

iii) (2 + ) = 2 +

1 0 1
v) ([ ]) = [
][ ]
0 1 1

vi) ([

1 1

]) = [
][
1 0

2) For the following transformations from to , determine if the transformation is invertible. If the
transformation is invertible, find the inverse transformation.

i) ([ ]) = [ ]

iv) ([]) = [ ]

+
ii) ([ ]) = [
]

2
v) ([]) = [3 + + 2]

+
iii) ([ ]) = [
]

+
v) ([]) = [ + ]

Part 3: Thinking Questions

0
1) Find any linear transformation that has () = {[0]}.
0
2) Find any linear transformation that has () = { 2 + 1, + 1}