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Page 1

Sc
KEY STAGE

Science test

TIER

Paper 1

57
2006

Please read this page, but do not open the booklet until your
teacher tells you to start. Write your name and the name of
your school in the spaces below.

First name
Last name
School

Remember

The test is 1 hour long.

You will need: pen, pencil, rubber, ruler, protractor and


calculator.

The test starts with easier questions.

Try to answer all of the questions.

The number of marks available for each question is given


below the mark boxes in the margin. You should not
write in this margin.

If you are asked to plan an investigation, there will be


space for you to write down your thoughts and ideas.

Do not use any rough paper.

Check your work carefully.

Ask your teacher if you are not sure what to do.

For markers
use only

QCA/06/1938

Total marks

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Page 2

Every year thousands of trees are cut down in forests.


(a)

Mammals and birds are two groups of animals that live in forests.
Give two reasons why fewer mammals and birds can survive after
trees have been cut down.
1. ____________________________________________________________

1a

____________________________________________________________

1 mark

2. ____________________________________________________________
1a

____________________________________________________________

1 mark

(b)

Many small plants grow in the clearings left after trees are cut down.
Explain why small plants are able to grow well after the trees have
been cut down.

1b
1 mark

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

1b

_________________________________________________________________

1 mark

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(c)

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Page 3

In some forests, small branches are left on the ground.

Fungi and bacteria feed on these branches and release minerals, such
as nitrates, back into the soil.
Why is it important that the minerals are released back into the soil?
_________________________________________________________________
1c

_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(d)

A label was printed on the back of a birthday card.


The paper for this card was
made from wood taken from
sustainable forests.
In sustainable forests, new trees are planted to replace trees that are
cut down.
Give two reasons why it is important to replace forest trees that are
cut down.
1. ____________________________________________________________
1d

____________________________________________________________
1 mark

2. ____________________________________________________________
1d

____________________________________________________________
1 mark

maximum 7 marks
Total
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Photograph

Heather Angel/Natural Visions


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People in different countries eat different amounts of starch.


A scientist compared the amount of starch that people ate with the number of
people with cancer of the large intestine.
The scatter graph below shows her results.

400
China
350

300

amount of
starch eaten
(g/day)

250
Finland
200
150

Ireland
Britain
Netherlands
United States

100

50
0

10

15

20

25

30

number of people, per 100 000,


with cancer of the large intestine

Look at the scatter graph.


(a)
2ai

(i) Which country had the greatest proportion of people with cancer of
the large intestine?
_________________________________

1 mark

(ii) What conclusion could you come to about the effect of eating starch
on getting cancer of the large intestine?
__________________________________________________________________________
2aii

__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

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(b)

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(i) Starch is a carbohydrate.


Which two of the following foods are good sources of starch?
Tick the two correct boxes.

bread

cheese

chicken

tomatoes

2bi
1 mark

fish

pasta

2bi
1 mark

(ii) What other type of nutrient, needed as part of a balanced diet, keeps
the intestine working well and prevents constipation?
Tick the correct box.

fat

fibre

minerals

protein

vitamins
2bii
1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total
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The diagram below shows bones and muscles of the human arm.
The biceps and triceps are muscles that contract to move the bones of the
lower arm.

shoulder
blade

biceps

triceps

ligament
bones of the
lower arm

(a)

What do the biceps and triceps do to move the arm in the


direction shown by the arrow?
Tick the correct box.

The biceps and the triceps contract at the same time.

The biceps contracts and the triceps relaxes.

The biceps relaxes and the triceps contracts.

The biceps and the triceps relax at the same time.

3a
1 mark

(b)

Ligaments hold bones together at a joint. Ligaments can stretch.


Why must ligaments be able to stretch?
_________________________________________________________________

3b

_________________________________________________________________

1 mark

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(c)

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The diagram below shows an elbow joint.


bone of the
upper arm
bones of the
lower arm
cartilage

fluid
cartilage
(i) The ends of the bones at a joint are covered by a layer of smooth
material called cartilage.
There is also a fluid in the joint.
Why are cartilage and fluid needed in a joint?
__________________________________________________________________________
3ci

__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) In the joint shown below, some of the cartilage has broken off.
bone of the
upper arm
bones of the
lower arm
cartilage

fluid
cartilage
Suggest one way this damage will affect the joint.
__________________________________________________________________________
3cii

__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

maximum 4 marks
Total
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An alloy is a mixture of elements.


The table shows the mass of each element present in 100 g of five different alloys,
bronze, solder, steel, stainless steel and brass.

mass of each element in 100 g of alloy


alloy

lead
(g)

bronze
solder

62

tin
(g)

copper
(g)

zinc
(g)

95

stainless
steel

(a)
4a

iron
(g)

99

chromium
(g)

nickel
(g)

20

10

38

steel

brass

carbon
(g)

70
67

33

Which alloy in the table above contains an element which is a non-metal?


_________________________________

1 mark

(b)
4b

Which two alloys in the table contain only two metals?


__________________________ and __________________________

1 mark

(c)

Another alloy called nichrome contains only the elements chromium and nickel.
100 g of nichrome contains 20 g of chromium.
How much nickel does it contain?

4c

________ g

1 mark

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(d)

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Before 1992, two-pence coins were made of bronze.


Steel rusts but bronze does not rust.
(i) Why does bronze not rust?
Use information in the table opposite to help you.
__________________________________________________________________________
4di

__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) Rusting requires water and a gas from the air.


Give the name of this gas.
4dii

_________________________________
1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total
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Susie used chromatography to identify the coloured substances in the


ink from a felt-tip pen.
She used:
l
l
l
l

green ink
blue ink
purple ink
ink from her felt-tip pen.

She used water as the solvent.

red

dark blue

dark blue

yellow
water
pink

pale blue

pale blue

blue
ink

purple
ink

line where spots of ink


were placed
green
ink

ink from
felt-tip pen

Look at the diagram above.


(a)
5ai

(i) Which colours were present in the ink from the felt-tip pen?
__________________________________________________________________________

1 mark

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(ii) How many coloured substances were there in green ink?


________

How can you tell?


__________________________________________________________________________
5aii

__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(iii) Susie placed the spots of ink on a line on the chromatography paper
as shown in the diagram.
To draw the line, Susie had to choose a felt-tip pen or a pencil.
Which one should she use?
_________________________________
Give the reason for your answer.
__________________________________________________________________________
5aiii

__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(b)

Susie used water as the solvent in this experiment.


When she repeated the experiment with a different set of pens, it did
not work.
She then used ethanol instead of water.
Suggest why the experiment worked with ethanol but not with water.
_________________________________________________________________
5b

_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

maximum 4 marks
Total
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Two pupils were given a sample of biological washing powder and a sample
of non-biological washing powder.
They investigated how the two powders compare in removing egg-stains
from cloth.

Look at their report.


(a)

Give one way they made their investigation fair.


_________________________________________________________________

6a

_________________________________________________________________

1 mark

6b

(b)

1 mark

Give two ways they could improve their investigation.


1. ____________________________________________________________

6b

2. ____________________________________________________________

1 mark

(c)

What should they observe to compare the two types of washing powder?
_________________________________________________________________

6c

_________________________________________________________________

1 mark

maximum 4 marks
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Each of the observations shown below has one explanation.


Draw a line from each observation to the correct explanation.

observation

explanation

The Earth spins on its


axis.
A ship going out to sea
goes out of sight.

The Earth is a sphere.

1 mark

We have day and night.


7

The Earth orbits the


Sun and the Earths
axis is tilted.

1 mark

We have summer and


winter.

Gravity attracts objects


towards the Earth.

1 mark

One year on Earth is


365 days.

The Earth orbits the


Sun.

1 mark

maximum 4 marks
Total
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The drawings show the mass and weight of four objects on different planets.

Earth

4 kg

40 N
(a)
8a

Mars

Jupiter

6 kg
2 kg
24 N

50 N

Venus

4 kg

36 N

On which of the four planets is the object with the largest mass?
_________________________________

1 mark

(b)

How can you tell, from the drawings, that gravity is greater on
Earth than on Venus?
_________________________________________________________________

8b

_________________________________________________________________

1 mark

(c)

Gravity is less on the Moon than on the Earth.


Complete the sentences below to compare the weight and mass of an
astronaut on the Moon and on the Earth.

8c

The weight of an astronaut on the Moon is ____________________ the

1 mark

weight of the astronaut on the Earth.


8c

The mass of an astronaut on the Moon is ____________________ the

1 mark

mass of the astronaut on the Earth.

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(d)

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The table below gives information about five planets.


planet

distance from the


Sun (million km)

time for planet to orbit


the Sun (Earth-years)

Venus

110

0.6

Earth

150

1.0

Mars

230

Jupiter

780

12.0

Saturn

1400

30.0

(i) Look at the information in the table.


How does the time for a planet to orbit the Sun change with its
distance from the Sun?
__________________________________________________________________________
8di

__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) Use information in the table to estimate the time for Mars to orbit
the Sun.
8dii

________ Earth-years
1 mark

(e)

The diagram below shows the path of a comet around the Sun.
On the path of the comet below, place a letter X to show the
position where the comet is travelling the fastest.

path of
comet
Sun

8e

comet
not to scale

1 mark

maximum 7 marks
Total
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The diagram shows four forces acting on a plane in flight.

direction of flight

C
(a)

Which arrow represents air resistance?


Give the letter.

9a

_______
1 mark

(b)

9bi

(i) When the plane is flying at a constant height, which two forces must
be balanced?
Give the letters.
________ and ________

1 mark

(ii) When the plane is flying at a constant speed in the direction shown,
which two forces must be balanced?
Give the letters.
9bii

________ and ________

1 mark

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(c)

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(i) Just before take-off, the plane is speeding up along the ground.
Which statement is true?
Tick the correct box.

Force B is zero.

Force B is greater than force D.

Force D is equal to force B.

Force D is greater than force B.

9ci
1 mark

(ii) Which statement is true about the plane just as it leaves the ground?
Tick the correct box.

Force C is zero.

Force C is greater than force A.

Force A is equal to force C.

Force A is greater than force C.

9cii
1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total
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10. (a)

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The diagram below shows the female reproductive system and a


ciliated cell.

female reproductive
system
ciliated cell

not to scale

Ciliated cells move an ovum along part of the reproductive system.


(i) In which part of the reproductive system are ciliated cells found?
10ai

_________________________________

1 mark

(ii) Describe how ciliated cells move an ovum along.


__________________________________________________________________________
10aii

__________________________________________________________________________

1 mark

(b)

The diagrams below represent what happens at fertilisation and after


fertilisation has taken place.

stage 1

stage 2

stage 4

stage 3
not to scale

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(i) Some women find it difficult to become pregnant. Doctors have


developed a technique in which an ovum is fertilised in a test-tube.
An embryo is then implanted into the womans reproductive system.
Which stage opposite shows an embryo and which stage shows
a foetus?
embryo ___________________________
10bi

foetus ____________________________
1 mark

(ii) Into which part of the womans reproductive system is the embryo
implanted?
10bii

_________________________________
1 mark

(c)

(i) Explain why a child can look like both parents but is not identical to
either of the parents.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

10ci
1 mark

10ci

__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(ii) In the table below, tick one box by each human characteristic to show
whether it is:
l
l

inherited only
inherited and affected by environmental conditions.

human
characteristic

inherited only

inherited and affected


by environmental
conditions

eye colour

skin colour

weight
10cii

maximum 7 marks

1 mark

Total
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11. Amena described her idea about the evaporation of water.

(a)

Write a plan for an investigation you could carry out in the school
laboratory to test Amenas idea.
Assume you have access to all the usual laboratory equipment.
In your plan you must write:
l
l
l

the one factor you would change as you carry out your investigation
(the independent variable)
the effect you would observe or measure as you carry out your
investigation (the dependent variable)
one factor you would keep the same to help make your test fair.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

11a

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

1 mark

11a

_________________________________________________________________

1 mark

_________________________________________________________________
11a

_________________________________________________________________

1 mark

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(b)

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In the box below, draw and label a table that you could use to record
your results.

11b
1 mark

maximum 4 marks
Total
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12. (a)

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Sasha placed small samples of four different metals on a spotting tile.


She added drops of calcium nitrate solution to each metal.

spotting tile
copper

iron

magnesium

zinc

Sasha repeated the experiment with:


l
l

fresh samples of the four metals and copper nitrate solution


fresh samples of the four metals and iron nitrate solution.

Will a reaction take place when each of the metals is added to each of
the solutions?
Use the reactivity series below to help you.
most reactive

least reactive

calcium
magnesium
aluminium
zinc
iron
lead
copper

In the table below:


l
l

place a tick, , to show that a reaction took place


place a cross, X, to show that no reaction took place.

Two have been done for you.

metal
salt solution
12a

copper

iron

1 mark

calcium nitrate
12a

copper nitrate

1 mark

12a

iron nitrate

1 mark

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magnesium

zinc

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(b)

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Three pairs of chemicals are listed below.


A reaction only takes place with two of the pairs.
Draw a line from each reaction to the correct result.
Draw only three lines.

pair of chemicals

result

calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid

no reaction

magnesium + hydrochloric acid

a chloride, carbon dioxide


and water are formed
12b
1 mark

a chloride and hydrogen


are formed

copper + hydrochloric acid

12b
1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total
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13. The shuttle is a spacecraft which is used to take satellites into space.
The drawing below shows the shuttle just about to take off.

fuel tank

shuttle

(a)

The shuttle has a separate fuel tank containing liquid hydrogen and
liquid oxygen.
Explain why hydrogen and oxygen are transported as liquids rather
than as gases.

_________________________________________________________________
13a

_________________________________________________________________

1 mark

(b)

Oxygen is needed to burn the fuel in the shuttles engines.


Vehicles on Earth do not need a tank containing oxygen.
Why does the shuttle need to have a tank containing oxygen?
_________________________________________________________________

13b

_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

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(c)

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The graph below shows how the upward force and the weight of the shuttle,
including fuel, change during the first 20 seconds, after the fuel is ignited.
30
25
key

20

upward force
on the shuttle

force
(millions 15
of N)

total weight
of the shuttle
and fuel

10
5
0
0

10

15

20

time (seconds)
Why does the total weight of the shuttle decrease during the first 20 seconds?
_________________________________________________________________
13c

_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(d)

(i) Look at the graph. At 20 seconds, what is the value of:


the upward force on the shuttle?
________ millions of N

the total weight of the shuttle and fuel?


13di

________ millions of N
1 mark

(ii) At 20 seconds, what is the resultant force on the shuttle?


13dii

________ millions of N
1 mark

(iii) Use the graph to explain why the shuttle cannot take off before 10 seconds.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
maximum 6 marks

13diii
1 mark

Total
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14. Six groups of pupils burned magnesium in air. The magnesium reacted with
oxygen to form magnesium oxide.
They recorded the mass of magnesium used and the mass of magnesium oxide
formed. Their results are shown in the table.
group

(a)

mass of magnesium (g) mass of magnesium oxide (g)

3.2

5.2

3.8

6.5

4.2

7.0

4.9

8.6

5.4

8.0

6.1

10.7

Use their results to draw a graph below.


Decide the scale for each axis. l Plot the points.
Label the axes.
l
Draw a line of best fit.

l
l

14a
1 mark

14a
1 mark

14a
1 mark

14a
1 mark

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(b)

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(i) Which groups results do not fit the general pattern?


Give the letter.
14bi

__________
1 mark

(ii) How should the class deal with this odd result?
__________________________________________________________________________
14bii

__________________________________________________________________________
1 mark

(c)

Use the graph to predict the mass of magnesium oxide that will be
formed by burning 7.0 g of magnesium.
14c

________ g
1 mark

(d)

The results show the relationship between the mass of magnesium and
the mass of magnesium oxide formed.
What conclusion could you draw about this relationship?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
14d

_________________________________________________________________
1 mark

maximum 8 marks
Total
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END OF TEST

Qualifications and Curriculum Authority 2006


QCA, Key Stage 3 Team, 83 Piccadilly, London W1J 8QA

270049

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