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"Asce705W" - Asce 7-05 Code Wind Analysis Program
"Asce705W" - Asce 7-05 Code Wind Analysis Program
Program Description:
"ASCE705W" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of wind loading analysis for buildings
and structures per the ASCE 7-05 Code. Specifically, wind pressure coefficients and related and required
parameters are selected or calculated in order to compute the net design wind pressures.
This program is a workbook consisting of nine (9) worksheets, described as follows:
Worksheet Name
Description
Doc
Simplified
MWFRS (Low-Rise)
MWFRS (Any Ht.)
Wall C&C
Roof C&C
Stacks & Tanks
Open Structures (no roof)
Wind Map
"ASCE705W.xls" Program
Version 1.1
###
###
###
Input Data:
###
Wind Speed, V =
90
mph (Wind Map, Figure 6-1)
###
II
Bldg. Classification =
(Table 1-1 Occupancy Category)
###
Exposure Category =
B
(Sect. 6.5.6)
###
L
Ridge Height, hr =
19.00
ft. (hr >= he)
###
Eave Height, he =
15.00
ft. (he <= hr)
###
Building Width, W =
41.00
ft. (Normal to Building Ridge)
###
Building Length, L =
61.00
ft. (Parallel to Building Ridge)
###
I
Roof Type = Monoslope (Gable or Monoslope)
W
II
Topo. Factor, Kzt =
1.00
(Sect. 6.5.7 & Figure 6-4)
Plan
III
Wall C&C Name =
Wall
(Girt, Siding, Wall, or Fastener)
IV
Wall C&C Eff. Area =
75.00
ft.^2 (for Component/Cladding)
Roof C&C Name =
Joist
(Purlin, Joist, Decking, or Fastener)
B
o
Roof C&C Eff. Area = 205.00 ft.^2 (for Component/Cladding)
C
hr
Overhang Eff. Area =
0.00
ft.^2 (for Component/Cladding)
D
h<=60'
he Gable
Hurricane Region?
N
Monoslope
Resulting Parameters and Net Design Pressures:
Purlin
W
For Transverse Direction:
(wind perpendicular to ridge)
Elevation
Joist
Roof Angle, =
5.57
deg.
Decking
ft. (h = he for < 10 deg.)
Mean Roof Ht., h =
15.00
Fastener
Adjustment Factor, =
1.000
(adjusts for height and exposure)
Girt
Importance Factor, I =
1.00
(Table 6-1)
Siding
Wall & Roof End Zone Width, a =
4.100
Wall
ft. (use: "2*a" for MWFRS, "a" for C&C)
Fastener
ps = *Kzt*I*ps30
Transverse MWFRS Net Pressures, ps (psf)
Y
Location
Direction
Zone
N
Load Case 1 Load Case 2 (ps30 from Fig. 6-2)
A
12.99
--A = end zone of wall
Horizontal
##
B
0.00
--B = end zone of roof
Horizontal
##
C
8.63
--C = interior zone of wall
Horizontal
##
D
0.00
--D = interior zone of roof
Horizontal
##
E
-15.40
--E = end zone of windward roof
Vertical
##
F
-8.87
--F = end zone of leeward roof
Vertical
##
G
-10.70
--G = interior zone of windward roof
Vertical
##
H
-6.85
--H = interior zone of leeward roof
Vertical
##
#
#
##
##
##
##
ps = *Kzt*I*ps30
Longitudinal MWFRS Net Pressures, ps (psf)
Location
Direction
Zone
Load Case 1 Load Case 2 (ps30 from Fig. 6-2)
A
12.80
--A = end zone of wall
Horizontal
B
0.00
--B = end zone of roof
Horizontal
C
8.50
--C = interior zone of wall
Horizontal
D
0.00
--D = interior zone of roof
Horizontal
E
-15.40
--E = end zone of windward roof
Vertical
F
-8.80
--F = end zone of leeward roof
Vertical
G
-10.70
--G = interior zone of windward roof
Vertical
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"ASCE705W.xls" Program
Version 1.1
H = interior zone of leeward roof
Vertical
-6.80
---
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(continued)
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"ASCE705W.xls" Program
Version 1.1
##
Load Case 2
Min. Load
Load Case 1
Load Case 2
##
##
Min. Load
##
8.97
--11.59
7.12
--6.97
Formulas:
Ph(Trans) = ((Pc*(L-4*a)+Pa*4*a)*he+(Pd*(L-4*a)+Pb*4*a)*(hr-he))/1000
Ph(Trans)(min) = P(min)*L*hr/1000 , where: P(min) = 10.0 psf on projected area
Ph(Long) = (Pa*(hr+he)/2*4*a+Pc*((hr+he)/2*W-(hr+he)/2*4*a))/1000
Ph(Long)(min) = P(min)*W*(hr+he)/2/1000 , where: P(min) = 10.0 psf on full area
##
#
#
##
##
##
##
pnet = *Kzt*I*pnet30 ##
Neg. (-)
-13.95
-15.80
-13.30
-15.80
-15.80
-----
Notes: 1. For Method 1: Simplified Procedure of Section 6.4 to be used for an enclosed low-rise building
to determine the design wind loads, all of the following eight conditions of 6.4.1.1 must be met:
a. Building is a simple diaphragm building, in which wind loads are transmitted through floor
and roof diaphragms to the vertical Main Wind-Force Resisting System (MWFRS).
b. Building is a low-rise building where mean roof height, h <= 60 ft., and h <= min. of L or W.
c. Building is enclosed and conforms to wind-borne debris provisions of Section 6.5.9.3.
d. Building is a regular shaped building, having no unusual geometrical irregularity.
e. Building is not classified as a flexible building so it is considered "rigid".
f. Building is not subject to across-wind loading, vortex shedding, etc.
g. Building has an approximately symmetrical cross section in each direction with either a
flat roof, or gable roof with <= 45 degrees.
h. Building is exempted from torsional load cases or torsional load cases do not control any
of the MWFRSs of the building.
2. Wind pressures (ps30) in Figure 6-2 and (pnet30) in Figure 6-3 were prepared based on following:
a. Mean roof height, h = 30 ft. , Exposure category = B , Importance factor, I =1.0
b. Velocity pressure exposure coefficient, Kz = 0.70
c. Directionality factor, Kd = 0.85 , Topographic factor, Kzt = 1.0
d. Internal pressure coefficients, GCpi = +0.18, -0.18 (enclosed building)
e. MWFRS pressure coeff's. from Figure 6-10, and C&C pressure coeff's. from Figure 6-11.
f. MWFRS design wind pressure, Ps = *Kzt*I*ps30, in psf.
g. Components & cladding design wind pressure, Pnet = *Kzt*I*pnet30, in psf.
3. Design wind pressures are net pressures (sum of external and internal pressures).
4. Wall net pressure for MWFRS is total for both windward and leeward walls.
5. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
6. If pressures for Zones "B" and "D" < 0, assume = 0.
7. For the design of the longitudinal MWFRS use roof angle, = 0 degrees.
8. Both load cases 1 and 2 are be checked for roof angle, 25 degrees < <= 45 degrees.
9. The total design MWFRS horizontal load is the total horizontal wind load on either the length (L)
or the width (W) of the building respectively assuming one end zone of a width = 2*a.
10. Minimum wind load for MWFRS design shall be 10 psf applied to area on projected vertical plane.
Minimum wind load for C&C shall be 10 psf acting in either direction normal to surface.
11. References:
a. ASCE 7-05 Standard, "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures".
b. "Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-02"
by: Kishor C. Mehta and James M. Delahay (2004).
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"ASCE705W.xls" Program
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"ASCE705W.xls" Program
Version 1.1
Components and Cladding - Wind Zones
#
#
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"ASCE705W.xls" Program
Version 1.1
90
II
C
53.33
20.00
200.00
250.00
Gable
1.00
0.85
Y
Y
Wind
Plan
hr
o
h<=60'
18.43
36.67
deg.
ft. (h = (hr+he)/2, for angle >10 deg.)
2. Is h <= Lesser of L or B?
II
III
IV
B
C
D
Gable
B Monoslope
Y
N
Wall Zone 6 =
Wall Zone 1E =
Roof Zone 2E =
Roof Zone 3E =
Wall Zone 4E =
For Transve
he
0.5*L
=
2.5*he =
Use =
Elevation
Lesser of L or B:
Yes, O.K.
0.1*(L or B):
Compare to 0.4*h:
Compare to .04*(L, B):
Compare to 3':
Use 'a' =
Use '2*a' =
=
zg =
Kh =
I=
qh =
Wall and Roof End Zone Widths 'a' and '2*a' (Fig. 6-10):
a = 14.67 ft.
2*a = 29.33 ft.
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"ASCE705W.xls" Program
Version 1.1
MWFRS Wind Load for Transverse Direction
Surface
GCpf
p = Net Pressures (psf)
(w/ +GCpi) (w/ -GCpi)
Zone 1
0.52
6.08
12.58
Zone 2
-0.69
-15.71
-9.21
Zone 3
-0.47
-11.71
-5.21
Zone 4
-0.42
-10.75
-4.25
Zone 5
-0.45
-11.38
-4.88
Zone 6
-0.45
-11.38
-4.88
Zone 1E
0.78
10.84
17.34
Zone 2E
-1.07
-22.57
-16.07
Zone 3E
-0.67
-15.41
-8.91
Zone 4E
-0.62
-14.41
-7.91
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"ASCE705W.xls" Program
Version 1.1
Low-Rise
Buildings
h <= 60'
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"ASCE705W.xls" Program
Version 1.1
Parallel
I
II
III
IV
B
C
B D
Gable
Monoslope
Y
N
For h/L<=0.25:
For h/L=0.5:
For h/L>=1.0:
actual h/L =
Use Roof Cp =
Input Data:
Wind Direction =
Normal
Wind Speed, V =
120
II
Bldg. Classification =
Exposure Category =
B
Ridge Height, hr =
157.00
Eave Height, he =
157.00
Building Width =
100.00
Building Length =
200.00
Roof Type = Monoslope
Topo. Factor, Kzt =
1.00
Direct. Factor, Kd =
0.85
Enclosed? (Y/N)
Y
Hurricane Region?
N
Damping Ratio, =
0.030
Period Coef., Ct =
0.0200
Wind
Plan
he
0.00
157.00
0.80
-0.50
-0.70
-1.04
-0.70
N.A.
N.A.
0.18
-0.18
for 0 to h/2
for h/2 to h
for h to 2*h
for > 2*h
Elevation
deg.
ft. (h = he, for roof angle <=10 deg.)
(Fig. 6-6)
(Fig. 6-6)
(Fig. 6-6)
-0.18
(Fig. 6-6)
(zone #1 for 0 to h/2)
-0.18
(Fig. 6-6)
(zone #2 for h/2 to h)
N.A.
(Fig. 6-6)
(zone #3 for h to 2*h)
N.A.
(Fig. 6-6)
(zone #4 for > 2*h)
(Figure 6-5) (positive internal pressure)
(Figure 6-5) (negative internal pressure)
L = 100 ft.
B = 200 ft.
=
zg =
Kh =
I=
qh =
If z <= 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/) , If z > 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/) (Table 6-3, Case 2a)
=
7.00
zg =
1200
(Table 6-2)
Kh =
1.12
(Kh = Kz evaluated at z = h)
I=
1.00
(Table 6-1) (Importance factor)
Velocity Pressure: qz = 0.00256*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-15)
qh = 0.00256*Kh*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (qz evaluated at z = h)
qh =
35.23
psf
Ratio h/L =
1.570
freq., f =
1.127
hz.
(f >= 1, Rigid structure)
Gust Factor, G =
0.818
(Sect. 6.5.8)
Design Net External Wind Pressures (Sect. 6.5.12.2):
p = qz*G*Cp - qi*(+/-GCpi) for windward wall (psf), where: qi =qh (Eq. 6-17, Sect. 6.5.12.2.1)
p = qh*G*Cp - qi*(+/-GCpi) for leeward wall, sidewalls, and roof (psf), where: qi = qh (Sect. 6.5.12.2.1)
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Normal to Ridge Wind Load Tabulation for MWFRS - Buildings of Any Height
z
Kz
qz
Cp
p = Net Design Press. (psf)
(ft.)
(psf)
(w/ +GCpi)
(w/ -GCpi)
Windward Wall
0
0.57
18.01
0.80
5.45
18.13
15.00
0.57
18.01
0.80
5.45
18.13
20.00
0.62
19.55
0.80
6.46
19.14
25.00
0.67
20.84
0.80
7.30
19.98
30.00
0.70
21.95
0.80
8.03
20.71
35.00
0.73
22.94
0.80
8.68
21.36
40.00
0.76
23.83
0.80
9.26
21.94
45.00
0.79
24.65
0.80
9.80
22.48
50.00
0.81
25.40
0.80
10.29
22.97
55.00
0.83
26.10
0.80
10.75
23.43
60.00
0.85
26.76
0.80
11.18
23.86
70.00
0.89
27.97
0.80
11.97
24.65
80.00
0.93
29.05
0.80
12.68
25.36
90.00
0.96
30.05
0.80
13.33
26.01
100.00
0.99
30.97
0.80
13.93
26.61
120.00
1.04
32.62
0.80
15.01
27.70
140.00
1.09
34.09
0.80
15.98
28.66
For z = hr:
157.00
1.12
35.23
0.80
16.72
29.40
Surface
For z = he:
For z = h:
Leeward Wall
Side Walls
Roof (zone #1) cond. 1
Roof (zone #1) cond. 2
Roof (zone #2) cond. 1
Roof (zone #2) cond. 2
157.00
157.00
All
All
-
1.12
1.12
-
35.23
35.23
-
0.80
0.80
-0.50
-0.70
-1.04
-0.18
-0.70
-0.18
16.72
16.72
-20.75
-26.52
-36.32
-11.53
-26.52
-11.53
29.40
29.40
-8.07
-13.84
-23.64
1.15
-13.84
1.15
Notes: 1. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
2. Per Code Section 6.1.4.1, the minimum wind load for MWFRS shall not be less than 10 psf.
3. References : a. ASCE 7-02, "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures".
b. "Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-02"
by: Kishor C. Mehta and James M. Delahay (2004).
4. Roof zone #1 is applied for horizontal distance of 0 to h/2 from windward edge.
5. Roof zone #2 is applied for horizontal distance of h/2 to h from windward edge.
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No
f >=1 Hz.
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Figure 6-9 - Design Wind Load Cases of MWFRS for Buildings of All Heights
Case 1: Full design wind pressure acting on the projected area perpendicular to each principal axis of
the structure, considered separately along each principal axis.
Case 2: Three quarters of the design wind pressure acting on the projected area perpendicular to each
principal axis of the structure in conjunction with a torsional moment as shown, considered
separately for each principal axis.
Case 3: Wind pressure as defined in Case 1, but considered to act simultaneously at 75% of the
specified value.
Case 4: Wind pressure as defined in Case 2, but considered to act simultaneously at 75% of the
specified value.
Notes: 1. Design wind pressures for windward (Pw) and leeward (PL) faces shall be determined in
accordance with the provisions of Section 6.5.12.2.1 and 6.5.12.2.3 as applicable for buildings
of all heights.
2. Above diagrams show plan views of building.
3. Notation:
Pwx, Pwy = Windward face pressure acting in the X, Y principal axis, respectively.
PLx, PLy = Leeward face pressure acting in the X, Y principal axis, respectively.
e (ex, ey) = Eccentricity for the X, Y principal axis of the structure, respectively.
MT = Torsional moment per unit height acting about a vertical axis of the building.
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II
III
IV
B
C
D
Gable
BMonoslope
Y
N
Girt
Siding
Wall
Fastener
Compare to 3':
Use 'a' =
Checker:
Input Data:
Wind Speed, V =
Bldg. Classification =
Exposure Category =
Ridge Height, hr =
Eave Height, he =
Building Width =
Building Length =
Roof Type =
Topo. Factor, Kzt =
Direct. Factor, Kd =
Enclosed? (Y/N)
Hurricane Region?
Component Name =
Effective Area, Ae =
90
II
C
53.33
20.00
200.00
250.00
Gable
1.00
0.85
Y
N
Girt
208
Plan
hr
18.43
36.67
he =
+GCpi Coef. (PIP)
-GCpi Coef. (NIP) =
L
deg.
ft. (h = (hr+he)/2, for roof angle >10 deg.)
Elevation
=
zg =
Kh =
I=
qh =
If z <= 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/) , If z > 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/) (Table 6-3, Case 1a)
=
9.50
(Table 6-2)
zg =
900
(Table 6-2)
Kh =
1.02
(Kh = Kz evaluated at z = h)
I=
1.00
(Table 6-1) (Importance factor)
Velocity Pressure: qz = 0.00256*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-15)
qh = 0.00256*Kh*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (qz evaluated at z = h)
qh = 18.06 psf
Design Net External Wind Pressures (Sect. 6.5.12.4):
For h <= 60 ft.: p = qh*((GCp) - (+/-GCpi)) (psf)
For h > 60 ft.: p = q*(GCp) - qi*(+/-GCpi) (psf)
where: q = qz for windward walls, q = qh for leeward walls and side walls
qi = qh for all walls (conservatively assumed per Sect. 6.5.12.4.2)
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For z = hr:
For z = he:
For z = h:
20.00
36.67
Component
Girt
1.02
1.02
18.06
18.06
17.11
17.11
-18.91
-18.91
17.11
17.11
-20.13
-20.13
Notes: 1. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
2. Width of Zone 5 (end zones), 'a' =
14.67
ft.
3. Per Code Section 6.1.4.2, the minimum wind load for C&C shall not be less than 10 psf.
4. References : a. ASCE 7-02, "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures".
b. "Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-02"
by: Kishor C. Mehta and James M. Delahay (2004).
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Per ASCE 7-05 Code for Bldgs. of Any Height with Gable Roof <= 45o or Monoslope Roof <= 3o
Using Method 2: Analytical Procedure (Section 6.5)
Job Name:
Subject:
Job Number:
Originator:
Checker:
Input Data:
Wind Speed, V =
Bldg. Classification =
Exposure Category =
Ridge Height, hr =
Eave Height, he =
Building Width =
Building Length =
Roof Type =
Topo. Factor, Kzt =
Direct. Factor, Kd =
Enclosed? (Y/N)
Hurricane Region?
Component Name =
Effective Area, Ae =
Overhangs? (Y/N)
90
II
C
53.33
20.00
200.00
250.00
Gable
1.00
0.85
Y
N
Joist
208
N
hr
18.43
36.67
II
III
IV
B
C
D
Gable
BMonoslope
Y
N
Purlin
Joist
L
Decking
Plan
Fastener
For Zone 1,2,3 Pos. =
For Zone 1 Neg. =
o For Zone 2 Neg. =
Forh Zone 3 Neg. =
he =
Use Zone 1,2,3 Pos.
Use Zone 1 Neg. =
L Use Zone 2 Neg. =
Use Zone 3 Neg. =
Elevation
deg.
ft. (h = (hr+he)/2, for roof angle >10 deg.)
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For z = hr:
For z = he:
For z = h:
20.00
36.67
Component
Joist
1.02
1.02
18.06
18.06
8.67
8.67
-17.70
-17.70
-24.92
-24.92
-39.37
-39.37
Notes: 1. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
2. Width of Zone 2 (edge), 'a' =
14.67
ft.
3. Width of Zone 3 (corner), 'a' =
14.67
ft.
4. For monoslope roofs with <= 3 degrees, use Fig. 6-5B for 'GCp' values with 'qh'.
5. For buildings with h > 60' and > 10 degrees, use Fig. 6-5B for 'GCpi' values with 'qh'.
6. For all buildings with overhangs, use Fig. 6-5B for 'GCp' values per Sect. 6.5.11.4.2.
7. If a parapet >= 3' in height is provided around perimeter of roof with <= 10 degrees,
Zone 3 shall be treated as Zone 2.
8. Per Code Section 6.1.4.2, the minimum wind load for C&C shall not be less than 10 psf.
9. References : a. ASCE 7-02, "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures".
b. "Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-02"
by: Kishor C. Mehta and James M. Delahay (2004).
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<= 7 deg.
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"ASCE705W.xls" Program
Version 1.1
I
II
III
Checker:
IV
Input Data:
B
D
C
V=
90
mph (Wind Map, Figure 6-1)
D
II
Class. =
(Occupancy Category form Table 1-1)
Round
Exposure =
B
(Exposure Category from Sect. 6.5.6)
Hexagonal
Wind
h
Kzt =
1.00
(Topographic Factor from Sect. 6.5.7)
Square
h=
80.00
ft. (Height of Stack/Tank itself)
Normal
Hb =
0.00
ft. (Ht. of Stack/Tank Base Above Ground)
Diagonal
D=
20.00
ft. (Diameter or Width of Surface Normal to Wind)
Y
Hb >= 0
Ground
Shape?
Round
(Round, Hexagonal, or Square)
N
=
Elevation
0.010
(Damping Ratio = 0.010-0.070)
Base Shear and Moment Tabulation
Ct =
0.0412
(Period Coefficient = 0.020-0.035)
for trapezoidal pressure distribution
Kd =
0.95
(Direct. Factor, Table 6-4)
Wind Load Tabulation for Stack / Tank
Cf =
0.700
(Force Coef. from Fig. 6-21)
z
Kz
qz
p=qz*G*Cf F=qz*G*Cf*D
Hurricane?
N
(ft.)
(psf)
(psf)
(lb/ft)
0.00
0.57
11.32
7.76
155.28
Resulting Parameters and Coefficients:
5.00
0.57
11.32
7.76
155.28
10.00 0.57
11.32
7.76
155.28
If z < 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/)
15.00 0.57
11.32
7.76
155.28
If z >= 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/)
20.00 0.62
12.29
8.43
168.58
=
7.00
(Table 6-2)
25.00 0.67
13.10
8.98
179.68
zg =
1200
(Table 6-2)
30.00 0.70
13.80
9.46
189.28
I=
1.00
(Table 6-1) (Import. Factor)
35.00 0.73
14.42
9.89
197.81
h/D =
4.000
40.00 0.76
14.98
10.27
205.50
freq., f =
0.907
Hz. (f < 1) Flexible
45.00 0.79
15.50
10.63
212.53
G=
0.980
(Gust Factor, Sect. 6.5.8)
50.00 0.81
15.97
10.95
219.03
55.00 0.83
16.41
11.25
225.07
60.00 0.85
16.82
11.54
230.74
Velocity Pressure (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-15):
70.00 0.89
17.58
12.06
241.13
qz = 0.00256*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I
80.00 0.93
18.26
12.53
250.51
Job Name:
Job Number:
Subject:
Originator:
16.10
703.37
kips
ft-kips
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"ASCE705W.xls" Program
Version 1.1
V(total):
###
Flexible?
Yes
f < 1 Hz.
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"ASCE705W.xls" Program
Version 1.1
90
II
C
1.00
125.00
150.00
100.00
0.010
0.0200
0.85
N
mph
(Table 1-1)
(Sect. 6.5.6)
(Sect. 6.5.7)
ft.
ft. (normal to wind)
ft. (parallel to wind)
(0.010 to 0.070)
II
III
IV
B
C
D
Y
N
(0.020 to 0.035)
(Table 6-4)
Note: Per Code Section 6.1.4.1, design wind force for open
buildings and other structures shall not be less than 10 psf
multiplied by the area, 'Af', the area normal to wind direction.
z
(ft.)
For z = h:
0
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
70
80
90
100
120
125
14.96
14.96
15.90
16.66
17.31
17.88
18.39
18.86
19.28
19.67
20.03
20.69
21.28
21.82
22.31
23.18
23.38
12.72
12.72
13.51
14.16
14.72
15.20
15.63
16.03
16.39
16.72
17.03
17.59
18.09
18.55
18.96
19.70
19.87
2.00
p
(psf)
(psf)
(psf)
(psf)
15.26
15.26
16.21
16.99
17.66
18.24
18.76
19.23
19.66
20.06
20.43
21.11
21.71
22.25
22.75
23.64
23.85
20.35
20.35
21.62
22.66
23.55
24.32
25.02
25.64
26.22
26.75
27.24
28.14
28.95
29.67
30.34
31.53
31.80
22.89
22.89
24.32
25.49
26.49
27.36
28.14
28.85
29.50
30.09
30.65
31.66
32.56
33.38
34.13
35.47
35.77
25.44
25.44
27.02
28.32
29.43
30.40
31.27
32.05
32.77
33.44
34.06
35.18
36.18
37.09
37.92
39.41
39.75
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"ASCE705W.xls" Program
Version 1.1
No
f >=1 Hz.
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"ASCE705W.xls" Program
Version 1.1
Flat-Sided
Members
All Heights
Open Signs &
Lattice Frameworks
Rounded Members
D*SQRT(qz) <= 2.5
D*SQRT(qz) > 2.5
< 0.1
2.0
1.2
0.8
0.1 to 0.29
1.8
1.3
0.9
0.3 to 0.7
1.6
1.5
1.1
Notes: 1. Signs with openings comprising 30% or more of the gross area are classified as open signs.
2. The calculation of the design wind forces shall be based on the area of all exposed members
and elements projected on a plane normal to the wind direction. Forces shall be assumed to
act parallel to the wind direction.
3. The area 'Af' consistent with these force coefficients is the solid area projected normal to the
wind direction.
4. Notation:
= ratio of solid area to gross area
D = diameter of a typical round member, in feet.
qz = velocity pressure evaluated at height 'z' above ground in psf.
All Heights
Trussed Towers
Cf
Square
Triangle
Notes: 1. For all wind directions considered, area 'Af' consistent with force coefficients shall be solid area
of tower face projected on plane of that face for tower segment under consideration.
2. Specified force coefficients are for towers with structural angles or similar flat-sided members.
3. For towers containing rounded member, it is acceptable to multiply specified force coefficients
by following factor when determining wind forces on such members: 0.51*^2 + 0.57 <= 1.0.
4. Wind forces shall be applied in directions resulting in maximum member forces and reactions.
For towers with square cross-sections, wind forces shall be multiplied by following factor when
wind is directed along a tower diagonal: 1+ 0.75* <= 1.2.
5. Wind forces on tower appurtenances such as ladder, conduits, lights, elevators, etc., shall be
calculated using appropriate force coefficients for these elements.
6. Notation: = ratio of solid area to gross area of one tower face for segment considered.
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