POLYNOMIALS

Synthetic Division
- Write down all coefficients ONLY (ignore sign) for each
power, leaving 0 for missing powers
- Bring down the first term to the bottom
- Multiply it by the coefficient youre dividing (zero of
the function) (e.g. x-4, +4..... x+4,-4)
- Put it below the next coefficient and add them down
- Multiply it by the coefficient youre dividing and
repeat
Factor Theorem
If you input the zero of a function into the equation
and its equal to zero, then that function is a factor of
that equation
Remainder Theorem
If you input the zero of the dividing function into the
divided equation and get a number, then that number
is the remainder of the quotient
BINOMIALS
Coefficient of next term:

C=

coefficient of previousexponent of previous x

exponent of previous y + 1
rth term of (x + y)n:

r th term=

n!
x n1+1 y r1
(nr +1)! (r1)!

Sum of coefficients of an expansion:

If = 0, roots are equal

If >1, roots are real & unequal
If <1, roots are imaginary
Properties of quadratic roots:

of Roots , x 1 + x2 =

Product of Roots , x 1 x 2=

Quadratic Formula:

B B24 AC
x=
2A
Discriminant and Properties:
2

B 4 AC

C
A

PARTIAL FRACTIONS
Breaking down a polynomials
- Put each equation as a denominator
- If powered, each power is a denominator (e.g.
(x+1)3 then (x+1)1, (x+1)2, (x+1)3 are separate
denominators)
- A variable goes in the numerator depending
on the number of roots in the denominator,
(e.g. (x+1)3 then A/(x+1)3, (x2+x+1)2 then (Ax
+ B)/ (x2+x+1)2)
- Equate the two sides then multiply by the originals
denominator (everything should cancel and leave the
variables multiplied the rest)
- To solve for a variable, isolate the term to the original
and plug in the zero of the terms respective zero
denominator
VARIATIONS
Direct Variation

x directly proportional to y,

x=ky

Inverse Variation

x is inversely proportional to

- Substitute 1 for each variable and equate

QUADRATIC FORMULA

B
A

y,

x=

k
y

Joint Variation
x is directly proportional to y
and inversely proportional to the square of z

x=k

y
x2

PROGRESSIONS
Arithmetic Progression