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Dental Wax: Dr. Marwa
Dental Wax: Dr. Marwa
Wax
Introduction:
ORIGINALLY
APPLIED
TO
NATURAL OCCURRING ESTERS OF
FATTY ACIDS & MONOHYDRIC
ALCOHOLS, THE TERM NOW IS
USED
FOR
BOTH
NATURALLY
OCCURRING & MANUFACTURED
PRODUCTS RESEMBLING ESTERS.
THEY HAVE
Dr. Marwa
A -
DULL LUSTER
SOFTEN
HEATING
LIQUID
GRADUALLY
ON
BEFORE FORMING A
Uses in Dentistry:
INL AY PATTERN
BOXING OF IMPRESSION
BASE PLATE
CASTING WAX
UTILITY WAX
STICKY WAX
CORRECTIVE IMPRESSION
BITE REGISTRATION
Natural Waxes
Synthetic Waxes
MINERAL
FATS
a) Paraffin
a) Aerosol OT
b) Montaux
b) Castor wax
c) Barnsdhal.
c) Flexowax C
d) Ozokerite
d) Dura wax
e) Microcrystalline
Additives
Stearic acid
PLANT
NATURAL RESINS
a)
Carnauba
a)
Copal
b)
Ouricury
b)
Dammar
c)
Candelila
c)
Sandrac
d)
Japan wax
d)
Shellac
e)
Cocoa butter
INSECT
Bees wax
SYNTHETIC RESINS
a)
Polyethylene
b)
Polysterene
ANIMAL
Spermaciti
Natural Waxes
HYDROCARBONS
ESTERS
Synthetic Waxes
COMPLEX
ORGANIC
COMPOSITION
COMPOUNDS
OF
Types
POLYETHYLENE WAXES
HYROGENATED WAXES
WAX ESTERS
Composition
VARIED
CHEMICAL
MELTING RANGE
THERMAL EXPANSION
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
FLOW
RESIDUAL STRESS
DUCTILITY
Melting Range
HAVE A RANGE AS THEY CONTAIN SEVERAL TYPES OF MOLECULES,
EACH HAVING A RANGE OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
Thermal Expansion
Mechanical Properties
EL ASTIC MODULUS
PROPORTIONAL LIMIT
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
Elastic Modulus
Flow
TEMP OF WAX
2.
3.
4.
Residual Stress
2.
TIME &
3.
COMPRESSION
TENSION
MAY
RESULT
EVEN
IN
Ductility
LIKE
FLOW,
DUCTILITY
TEMPERATURE OF WAXES
INCREASES
WITH
INCREASE
IN
THE
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY :
IT IS LOW WHICH IMPLIES THAT THESE MATERIALS GAIN , AND LOSE
, HEAT VERY SLOWLY .
STRESS RELIEF :
IN USING DENTAL WAX , APPLYING STRESS IS UNDESIRABLE .
WAXES TEND TO RETURN TO THEIR ORIGINAL SHAPE AFTER
MANIPUL ATION . STRESS-RELIEF WAX IS USUALLY THE RESULT OF
ADAPTATION AT TOO LOW A TEMPERATURE .THUS THE
DEFORMATION IS NOT CARRIED OUT WITH THE WAX TOTALLY FLUID
AND CONSEQUENTLY , A PARTIAL RECOVERY RESULTS IN
DIMENTIONAL INA ACURACY AND IS UNDESIRABLE .
Pattern Wax
Processing Wax
Impression
Wax
1. Inlay Wax
1. Boxing Wax
2. Casting Wax
2. Utility Wax
1. Corrective Wax
2. Bite registration
Wax
3. Sticky Wax
PATTERN WAXES
Typical Composition
PARAFFIN- 60%
CARNAUBA- 25%
CERESIN- 10%
BEES WAX- 5%
TYPES
BY FLOW
1.
HARD
2.
REGULAR
3.
SOFT
Dipping Wax
Advantages
Casting Wax
AS
30
INL AY
GAGE;
WAX,
0.4
DIFFER
0.32
MM),
SLIGHTLY
IN
Flow
Working Properties
ADA 24
THREE TYPES
Requirements
1- CONSTRUCTION OF DENTURES
The modeling wax can be used as a base plate material because it is readily
moldable , economic , speed and reproduce the details of most groove in gypsum
cast
PROCESSING WAXES
Boxing Wax
AIDS IN FORMING
IMPRESSION
PLASTER
OR
STONE
CAST
FROM
AN
BOXING CONSISTS OF
ADAPTING A LONG NARROW STRIP OF
IMPRESSION BELOW PERIPHERAL HEIGHT
WAX
AROUND
THE
FEDERAL REQUIREMENTS:
Utility Wax
IMPROVING THE
HYDROCOLLOIDS
FEDERAL REQUIREMENTS:
CONTOUR
OF
PERFORATED
TRAY
FOR
Sticky Wax
Uses
Federal Requirements
IMPRESSION WAXES
Impression waxes, though rarely used to record complete impressions, they
can be effectively used to correct small imperfections in other impressions.
Composition
Impression waxes consist typically of a mixture of low melting paraffin wax
and bees wax in ratio of about 3:1. In addition it may contain other wax like
ceresin and also metal particles e.g. aluminum or copper particles.
Properties
Melting range
Since waxes have several types of molecules i.e. Crystalline or amorphous
of different molecular weights, they have melting ranges rather then a point.
Melting range of impression waxes is much lower due to additions like resin.
Impression waxes flow at mouth temperature under occlusal load. Heat of
fusion is the heat in calories required to convert 1gm of material from the
solid to liquid state at the melting temperature.
Melting temperature:
Beeswax is 62.8C.
Paraffin wax is 52C.
Melting
range:
Beeswax is 34-70 C.
Paraffin wax is 44- 60C.
Flow
The flow of corrective temperature wax and bite registration wax is
measured at 37C and is 100% and 2.5%-22% respectively, thus these waxes
are susceptible to distortion on removal from the mouth. Flow as tested by
compression of cylindrical specimens is 285% at 37C.
Mechanical Properties
The elastic modulus, proportionately limit and compressive strength is low as
compared with other materials and are dependent on temperature.
Thermal expansion
Impression waxes expand when subjected to a rise in temperature and
contract as the temperature decreased. Paraffin and beeswax, which are the
chief constituents of impression waxes, have different temperature range.
Because of the coefficient of thermal expansion is so great, the impressions
should be poured immediately to avoid distortion.
If the impression cannot be poured immediately, they should be stored at or
near 0C. Coefficient of linear thermal expansion is 350-700 x10-6/ C.
Advantages
1.
2.
3.
Disadvantages
1.
Distortion of the impression wax can occur when the records are stored
due to the release of stresses.
2.
It is technique sensitive.
3.