1. What are roles? How can we implement roles?

Roles are the easiest way to grant and manage common privileges needed by differ
ent groups of database users.
2. How to create role?

SQL> Create role select_data_role;

SQL> Grant select on emp to select_data_role;
3. How to create role with password?

CREATE ROLE role IDENTIFIED BY password

4. How to create role authorised by the OS?

ALTER ROLE role IDENTIFIED EXTERNALLY

5. How to create role authorised by theDirectory Service?

ALTER ROLE role IDENTIFIED GLOBALLY

dba_roles
session_roles
dba_role_privs
user_application_roles
role_role_privs
user_role_privs
role_sys_privs
v$pwfile_users
role_tab_privs