‘Standard Methods of Test for Weight of Coating on Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) 1. SCOPE LL This method covers procedures for determining the weight of coating on zine-coated (galvanized) iron or steel sheets in coils or cut lengths, zinc-coated (galvanized) wire, and other zinc-coated (galvanized) articles. NOTE 1—The final results determined by this method shall be expressed in inch-pound tunis of SI unis, depending on the units found the originating material specification, 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS. 2.1 AASHTO Standards: RII Recommended Practice {for Indicating Which Places of Figures Are to Be Considered Signifi- cant in Specified Limi ing Values ASTM Standards: A525 Specification for General Requirements for Stee! Sheet, Zine-Coated (Gal- vanized) by the Hot Dip Process 1D 1193 Specification for Reagent ‘Water 22 3. SIGNIFICANCE, 3.1. This method provides a standard ‘method for determining the weight of coating for comparison with specification requirements. A coating of zinc on iron or steel articles provides protection against corrosion. As the protection is provided by sacrificial loss of zine, the degree of pro- tection is proportional to the weight of ine coating. Specifications for zinc-cost ced articles frequently provide for different Iron or Steel Articles AASHTO DESIGNATION: T 65-83 (1990) (ASTM DESIGNATION: A 90-81) classes (weights) of coating so thatthe purchaser can select the coating most suit- able to his needs, 4. REAGENTS 4.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shal be used in al tests. Unless otherwise indicated, itis intended that all reagents shall conform to the spec- fications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Soci ty, where such specifications are avail: able.! Other grades may be used, provided itis first ascertained thatthe reagent is of sufficiently high purty to permit its use ‘without lessening the accuracy of the determination 4.2 Purity of Water—Unless other- ‘wise indicated, references to water shall be ‘understood to mean reagent water as defined by Type IV of Specification D 1193. 4.3 Antimony Trichloride Solution— Dissolve 20 g of Sb.O, or 32 g of SbCl, in 1,000 mL of HCI (sp gr 1.19). 4.4 Hydrochloric Acid (sp gr 1.19) —Concentrated hydrochloric acid (Hen, 4.5 Hydrochloric Acid—Antimony Tri chloride Solution —Ada 5 mL. of antimony \tichloride solution to 100 mL of HCL (sp. er 1.19). 4.6 Hydrochloric Acid (1 + 1)—Mix 500 mL of HCL (sp gr 1.19) with 500 mL, of reagent water and cool to room temper ature. * Reagent Chemical, “American Chemis Society Syeciteatons" Washington, D.C For suggestions 02 the testing of reagents ted by the American (Chemeal Soc se "Reagent Chemicals 5. PRECAUTIONS ‘Caution—Small amounts of the poisonous gas stibine (SbH,) may be evolved during the stripping process using the hydrochloric acid-antimony trichloride ‘method. Hydrochloric acid fumes are present, and hydrogen gas is evolved in the stripping process. Therefore, the test should be performed under conditions of adequate ventilation. A fume hood is rec- ‘ommended for large numbers of samples fr where the testis to be carried out fre- quently over extended periods of time. 6, SAMPLING 6.1 Galvanized Sheets Samples for ‘weightof coating determination shall be secured in accordance with Specification ‘A525. Test specimens shall have a mini- ‘mum area of 3 in.” o 2,000 mm of sheet, but preferably approximately 5 in. or 3,300 mm of sheet. [NOTE 2—For convenience in calelatng test results in conventional units, the specimen should have an area of $.08 in? of sheet (2.25, 0.01 in, square o 2.54 * 0.01 in. in diame ter). The weight of coating in grams ona speci ‘men of that area is numerically equal 10 the ‘weight of coating in ounces per square oot of sheet For results tobe reported in SI units, the specimen should have an area of 3,330 mn? of sheet (57.7 + 0.1 mm square or 65.1 + 0.1 mmin diamete. 6.2 Galvanized Wire—Samples shall be secured as designated in the approp ate specification. The specimen of galva- nized wire may be of any length over 12 in. (approximately 300 mim), but prefer- ably abbut 24 in. (approximately 600 mm), Where a continuous length is not availabe, shorter specimens totaling 99100 METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING ‘over 12 in, but preferably about 24 in, shall be used. Since the density of the stelis known (0.283 Ibn. or 7,830 kg/m’) it snot necessary to use a specific length of specimen. 6.3 Galvanized Articles Other Than Sheet or Wire—Samples for weight of ‘coating determination shall be secured as designated in the appropriate speciica- tio, Except as otherwise provided, the specimens should have a minimum area of 3in. (1935 mm?) of zine-coated surface. For very small tems, several pieces may have to be stripped to obtain the minimum NOTE 3In the case of threaded artes, suchas bolts and screws, the determination shall be made on a portion of he ariles that doesnot include any thread 7. PROCEDURE TAA Stripping ofthe zine coating from the specimens may be dane using the hydrochloric acd-antimony trichloride solution (standard method) or te dilute hydrochloric acid (1 + 1) alternative standard method) 71.2 Clean the specimens by washing with solvent naphtha or other suitable sol ‘en, then rinse with alcoho, and dey thor- oughly 7.3 Weigh the specimens individually to the nearest 0.01, except that articles other than sheet or wire with a specimen weight ver 125 g may be weighed tothe nearest 0.1. After weighing, immerse cach specimen singly inthe striping solu tion and allow to remain until the violet evolution of hydrogen has ceased, and coaly a few bubbles are being evolved. This requires about 15 to 30, except in the cate ofsherardized coatings, which require a somewhat longer time. The same solution may be used repeatedly until the time required for stripping becomes incon- ‘venicatly long. The temperature ofthe stripping solution shall at no time exceed 38°C (1O0"P), After striping, wash the specimens by scrubbing them under run ring water, dip in hot water, and wipe or blow dry. Weigh the specimens again, 10 the same precision asin the initial weigh ing. TA. Sheet Specimens—Determine the are ofshet (one surface) tothe nearest (0.01 in or 5 mm?. If specimens were prepared tothe dimensions as provided in Note 2 they shall be presumed to have an area of 5.08 in (inch-pound units) or 3,330 mm? (SI units, When itis not pos- sible to determine the area accurately, as in specimens from corrugated sheets, the thickness ofthe stripped sheet shall be determined tothe nearest 0.001 in. or 0.01 mm, 7.8. Wire Specimens—Determine the diameter of the stripped wire tothe nar- est 0,001 in. or 0.01 mm by taking the average of two measurements at right angles to each other. 7.6 Specimens Other Than Sheet or Wire—Determine the total coated area of the original specimen to the nearest 0.01 in? or mm?. Alternatively for speci- sens of uniform thickness of base meta, such asa piece of plate or pipe, determine the average thickness of the stripped spec- Jmen tothe nearest 0.001 in. oF 0.01 mm. 8 CALCULATIONS 8.1 Galvanized Sheet: 8.1.1 Results in Inck-Pound Unis: 8. When the area of sheet is determined, calculate the weight of zine coating as follows: C= [0¥, ~ WayAl x K = weight of coating, oz/t? of sheet original weight of specimen, g ‘weight of stripped specimen, @ and area of sheet in in? A constant = 5.08 when A is in 2 = 3.28 10? when A isin NOTE 4—IF the specimen was prepared 10 the dimensions as provided in Note 2, having an ae of 5.08 in, the loss of weight in grams is numerically equal to the weight of coating in ‘ounces per square fot of sheet. 8.1.1.2 When itis not possible to secure a specimen of measurable area, the following equation may be used to cale late the weight of coating: c (OW, ~ WayWa) XT XK where: C= weight of coating, ozift of sheet W, = original weight of specimen, g 165 W = weight of stripped specimen, g * T= thickness of stripped sheet, in. or mm, and K- = aconstant = 652 if Tis in in. = 25.7 Tis in mm, 841.2 Results in $1 Units: 8.1.2.1 When the arca of sheet is determined, calculate the weight of zinc coating as follows: (Wy ~ WayA] x K ‘weight of coating, g/m? of sheet Wy = original weight of specimen, g W, = weight of stripped specimen, g A_ = area of sheet in in.? or mm?, and K- = aconstant = 1.55 x 10°ifA isin in? 1 x 10°ifA i ?. NOTE 5—If the specimen was prepared to the dimensions as provided in Note 2, having an area of 3,330 mm? of sheet, the factor K/A is approximately 300, which may be used in the calulatio, 9.2 When itis not possible ‘obtain a specimen of measurable area, the following equation may be used to caleu- late the weight of coating: C= (0) = Waa) x TX K where: weight of coating, g/m? of sheet original weight of specimen, @ ‘weight of stripped specimen, thickness of stripped sheet, in. oF mm, and K = aconstant = 1.99 x 10°if Tis in in, = 7.83 x 10° if Fis in mm. 8.2 Galvanized Wire: 8.2.1 Results in Inch Pound Units: 8.2.1.1 Calculate the weight of zine coating as follows: c=, Wyo) x Dx M where: C= weight of coating, oz of stripped wire surface W, = original weight of specimen, ¢ W; = weight of stripped specimen, g = diameter of stripped wire, in. or mm, and M> = aconstant 642 ifD 163 if Dis inin. =T6s METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING 101 8.2.2 Results in SI Units: 8.2.2.1 Calculate the weight of zine coating as follows: (= WeyWe] xD x M C= weight of coating, g/m? of stripped wire surface original weight of specimen, g ‘weight of stripped specimen, g diameter of stripped wie, in. or ‘mm, and constant = 4.97 x 10° if Disin in, = 1.96 x 10°if Dis in mm, 8.3 Galvanized Articles Other Than Sheet or Wire: 8.3.1 Results in Inch-Pound Units: 8.3.1.1 Calculate the weight of zinc coating as follows: C= (Wy ~ WayA] XN where: = weight of coating, oz/ft? of surface ‘original weight of specimen, weight of stripped specimen, @ ‘coated area of original specimen, in? ormm?, and constant = 5.08 if Aisin in, 3.28 x 10° if A is in mm.” 8.3.1.2 If the specimen has @ uniform thickness of base metal, the weight of the ine coating may be calculated as follows: (OW, ~ WayWa] x G XZ ‘weight of coating, oz of surface original weight of specimen, ¢ W = weight of stripped specimen, g G = thickness of specimen, in. oc mm, and Z_ = aconstant = 326 if Gis inin., 12.8 if Gis in mm, 8.3.2 Results in SI Units: 8.3.2.1 Calculate the weight of zinc coating as follows: = (0) = Way] x weight of coating, g/m? of surface W, = original weight of specimen, ¢ weight of stripped specimen, g coated area of original specimen, in? or mm, and N= aconstant = 1.55 x 10°ifA isin in? = 1 x 10ifA isin mm, 2 Ifthe specimen has a uniform, thickness of base metal, the weight ofthe zine coating may be calculated as follows: C=, — WayWa] XG XZ C= weight of coating, g/m? of surface W, = original weight of specimen, g W, = weight of stripped specimen, g G = thickness of stripped specimen, in in. or mm, and Z_ = aconstant = 9.95 x 10° if Gis in in, 3.92 x 10° Gis in mm, 9. REPORT 9.1. Weight of coating on galvanized sheet is expressed in weight per unit area ‘of sheet, whichis the sum of the weights ‘of coating on both surfaces of the sheet Weights of coating on each surface of the sheet are not necessarily equal. Coating weights on all galvanized articles other than sheets are expressed in weight per unit area of surface. 9.2. Report the weight of zinc coating to the nearest 0.01 oz! when reporting in inch-pound units. 9.3 Report the weight of zine coating to the nearest 1 g/m? when reporting in S1 ants. 9.4 When the weight of coating of a umber of specimens is tobe averaged to determine conformance witha specifica- tion limit, the average vale shall be reported to the precision described in Sec- tions 9.2 and 9.3 in accordance withthe Rounding Method of ASTM E29, 10. PRECISION AND ACCURACY. 10.1. The precision and accuracy of this method have not yet been determined, but data are being collected, and a preci- sion statement will be included when it is Formulated. APPENDIX AI. The following table provides a conversion from coating weight to coating thickness, TABLE Al Conversion from Zine Coating Weight to Coating Thickness * One ounce of zinc coating (galvanized) per square fot of surface corresponds to an average coating thickness of 0.0017 in. (An average coating thickness of 1 mil corresponds to a coating weight of 0.59 oz of surface) east ca Surface s 0.00328, 1.0 0.0232 107 025 16.1 +*0.50 1326 039 179.4 078 289 1.00 305.2 125 3aLs 150 4578 2.00 610.3 230 7629 3.00 915.5 “Thickness Thickness in Microas 0.00557 oat 0.0393, 1.00 0.425 " oss 2 1.0 25.4 Ln 3 170 3 22 sé 255 65 3.40 86 425 108 5.10 120